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        1 - A comparison of Kaveh the Blacksmith’s functions with Gobryas (Ug-ba-ru)’s functions
        Behnam Gorji Masoud Foroozandeh Ali Mohammadi Asiabadi Esmail Sadege dah cheshmei
        The myth of Kaveh the Blacksmith in Shahnameh has specific signs, practices and actions which make the functions of the myth of this character. Given the overall similarity of the tale of Zahhak and Fereydun-in which Kaveh the Blacksmith has played a crucial role-to the More
        The myth of Kaveh the Blacksmith in Shahnameh has specific signs, practices and actions which make the functions of the myth of this character. Given the overall similarity of the tale of Zahhak and Fereydun-in which Kaveh the Blacksmith has played a crucial role-to the historical narration of Babylon conquer written by Herodotus, Xenophon and Ctesias in the history of the Achaemenid Empire, reminds us of signs, practices and actions of Gobryas (Ug-ba-ru) who was the Cyrus the Achaemenid’s confederate.This thesis aims to examine and compare Kaveh the Blacksmith’s most important functions in narration of Shahnameh since his appearance in the tale of Zahhak and Fereydun with Gobryas (Ug-ba-ru), the Cyrus the Achaemenid’s confederate during Babylon’s conquer based upon available historical documents and reports. The present research is of analytic-comparative nature on the basis of library data which tries to demonstrate a similarity between the character functions in the myth and an evidence in the history. This comparison may result in a redefinition of Kaveh the Blacksmith’s character and of some of his functions in Shahnameh.For instance, regarding the historical and religious sources, one may examine his being a blacksmith as his title instead of his occupation. Furthermore, this analogy may help doubt the idea that Kaveh the Blacksmith is considered as popular and supplementary, suggested by some mythologists including Arthur Christensen, Mehrdad Bahar and Zabihollah Safa. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Social Movements of Citizens in the Shahnameh (A Case Study of Kaveh the Blacksmith’s Riot and Disobedience of Bandoy and Gostaham)
        Rasool Rostami Mohammad Reza Rashed Mohassel Majid Reza Khazaei Vafa
        Citizen and citizenship are relatively new terms in the field of sociological and political studies. The citizen is always defined in a reciprocal relationship; He is a person who, on the one hand, has political and civil rights and, on the other hand, has duties under More
        Citizen and citizenship are relatively new terms in the field of sociological and political studies. The citizen is always defined in a reciprocal relationship; He is a person who, on the one hand, has political and civil rights and, on the other hand, has duties under the law in question. Social movements are defined as a collective effort in which individuals achieve predetermined ideals. Social movements are organized for specific purposes and by informal institutions. Of course, in Shahnameh, the word citizen is not mentioned. Ferdowsi in some cases uses the word urban versus soldier to distinguish civilians from military. However, based on the evidence presented in the current study as well as the definition of citizen in sociological and political science culture, the word Iranian refers to Iranian citizens in the Shahnameh. The two selected movements (one from the epic part of the Shahnameh and the other from the historical part) testify to the robust presence and full participation of Iranian citizens in social movements for the realization of justice and law. This research has been done analytically and descriptively using library and electronic resources. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - A Study of Kaveh the Blacksmith’s Uniqueness in Ferdowsi’s The Shahnameh with an Approach to Urban Iranian Thought and World Myths
        Seyyed Mohammad Reza Ghoreishi Saeid Kheirkhah Abdol Reza Modarres Zadeh
        With the discovery of iron, in addition to material changes, the intellectual and cultural order of the world also undergoes a transformation. The value, depth, and consequences of this discovery are a modern phenomenon with features  of the age called iron, which More
        With the discovery of iron, in addition to material changes, the intellectual and cultural order of the world also undergoes a transformation. The value, depth, and consequences of this discovery are a modern phenomenon with features  of the age called iron, which creates its own myths and heroes. Iran, as one of the oldest ritual civilizations in the world and the first centers to achieve iron smelting and extraction technology, is not without its cultural consequences. The most famous Iranian hero of this era is Kaveh Ahangar, who appears in the dark and turbulent millennium of Zahaki (Iranian version of the beginning of the Iron Age) and provides the ground for the re-creation of the drinking world by Fereydoun. Despite his reputation and constant influence on Iranian thought, Kaveh is not reflected in Iranian patriotic and religious myths. This has led some scholars to consider him a historical figure made by the writers of the Sassanid theologians, which is certainly unbelievable, because it is incompatible with the intellectual foundations of prehistoric peoples in understanding existence. Kaveh, like other mythical characters, has symbolic motives and metaphorical features. In this research, using archetypal analysis, comparative attitude and library method the researchers  try to study the mythological themes of Kaveh's mediation in Shahnameh and present new results by introducing new ideas to show that Kaveh  is , a prehistoric hero who, for some reason, disappears from the scene of Iranian mythology. Manuscript profile