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Open Access Article
1 - Jews in Kashan: A Survey on two Assumptions about Their Background and History
حسین حیدری علی فلاحیان وادقانیThe history of Jewish in Iran goes back to the ancient Babylonian captivity, Medes and Achaemenids. Despite their small numbers, they have been effective in Iran’s political, religious, scientific and economic life. Comparing to other places in Iran and othe MoreThe history of Jewish in Iran goes back to the ancient Babylonian captivity, Medes and Achaemenids. Despite their small numbers, they have been effective in Iran’s political, religious, scientific and economic life. Comparing to other places in Iran and other regions of the world, Kashan has provided a more favourable place for Jews to live and flourish for some centuries in a way that some Jews have called Kashan a Little Jerusalem or the galaxy of Jewish scholars and writers. This paper examines two assumptions about Jewish history in Kashan: the first notion talks about the Jewish presence in Kashan after the Babylonian captivity while the second one considers their migration from Spain and other European cities, especially after the Inquisition. The most important evidence for the first theory is kashan archaeological heritage, the oldness of Jewish community and their cemetery, Judeo-Kashani dialect (including Raji and Luftaii) and their oral tradition that contains ancient terms and language, including Medians. The evidence for the second assumption is the stories of Jewish and Christian travellers and Muslim historians. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - A Study on the Influence of Banu Amin Mystical School from Molla Sadra, Khajeh Abdollah Ansari, Feyz Kashani and Ibn Arabi
Sakineh Karimpoor Baarkoosaraei Mohammad Taqi Fa’ali Hadi VakiliMysticism is an epistemology based on a spiritual and indescribable state in which human feels that he has found a direct and immediate connection with the existence of his Lord; These feelings are of course a spiritual and divine beyond description and limit, during wh MoreMysticism is an epistemology based on a spiritual and indescribable state in which human feels that he has found a direct and immediate connection with the existence of his Lord; These feelings are of course a spiritual and divine beyond description and limit, during which the mystic understands the absolute essence not by argument, but by sensitivity and conscience. Seyyed Nusrat Begum Amin, known as Lady Amin (1265-1362), is one of the Iranian Shiite mystics who was acquainted with Qur'an, wisdom and mysticism since young ages. In her mystical approach, Banu Amin was inspired by famous mystics such as Molla Sadra, Ibn Arabi, Khajeh Abdollah Ansari and Feyz Kashani. In the present literary essay, the authors will enjoy descriptive – analytical method to study the extent of Banu Amin's influence from Molla Sadra, Ibn Arabi, Khajeh Abdollah Ansari and Feyz Kashani comparatively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The reflection of Quran instances in Divan of Feyz poetry
Alireza Mirza MohammadFeyz Kashani, Iranian famous scholar was known as one of the scientific geniuses in his time. he was erudite not only in logical sciences but also in literature and mysticism. The goal of the present article is to study the impacts of Quran instances on D MoreFeyz Kashani, Iranian famous scholar was known as one of the scientific geniuses in his time. he was erudite not only in logical sciences but also in literature and mysticism. The goal of the present article is to study the impacts of Quran instances on Divan of Feyz. First the couplet is studied in which the instance of Quran has been brought in and then the intended instance has been mentioned. It is evident that the instances are arranged based on the Quran’s Suras and verses order. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - A comparative review of the elegy of Imam Hussein (AS) in the books of Muhtasham Kashani and Sharif Razi
Youssef LatifThe goal of the present research is to find points of similarity and difference in the elegies of Muhtasham Kashani and Sharif Razi and studying the themes and forms these poets have used. The methodology of the research is theoretical concerning the obje MoreThe goal of the present research is to find points of similarity and difference in the elegies of Muhtasham Kashani and Sharif Razi and studying the themes and forms these poets have used. The methodology of the research is theoretical concerning the objectives and is descriptive and content analysis concerning the nature. The analysis of the information is also qualitative. The poets under consideration have paid more attention to the avowal of the oppressed condition of Imam Hussein (AS) rather than narrating his boldness and arising. Although there are similar themes such as thirst, Karbala and martyrdom in their elegies, Muhtasham Kashani has also paid attention to themes such as Muharram, resurrection and interceding while Sharif Razi to Ashura, arising of the revenger (Master of Time), being oppressed and loneliness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - A Comparative Study of Interpretation in Al-Safi and Al-Quran Al-Azim Interpretations
Somayye Khari Aarani Rahmatollah Abdollah Zadeh AaraniFayz Kashani is one of the commentators with philosophical-mystical treasures on the one hand and Qur'anic-Hadithic interests on the other has esoteric approach to the Qur'an's Verses. He considers interpretation beyond the meaning of the word as their real meaning MoreFayz Kashani is one of the commentators with philosophical-mystical treasures on the one hand and Qur'anic-Hadithic interests on the other has esoteric approach to the Qur'an's Verses. He considers interpretation beyond the meaning of the word as their real meanings. Ibn Kathis is (also) one of the commentators who has added that the word "interpretation" applied in Quran means expression and explanation while accepting Ibn ibn Taymiyyah's opinion about the meaning of interpretation in Qur'an; this interpretation is influenced by the interpretations of Tabari's " Jāmiʿ al-bayān" as well as ibn Taymiyyah's "interpretive principles". The origin of the formation of such interpretation on one hand and the interpretive methods of the interpreter on the other hand have given this interpretation special features that make it worthy of follow up. Comparing these two works from conceptual and methodological point of view could be effective on clarifying the concept of interpretation in these two areas. In both abovementioned interpretations, sometimes due to the existence of common approaches to the meaning of the verse they have been shared in them. This article studies Ibn Kathir and Fayz Kashani's approach to interpretations and compares their explanations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - A Comparative Study of Paraphrase in ‘Saafi’ and ‘Quran’ Exegeses
Seyyed Mehdi Lotfi Seyyed Khalil KoohiIn mystical and traditional exegeses the word paraphrase is of essential importance. Among traditional exegeses, Feyz Kashani’s Exegesis is important for its inclusion of paraphrases offered by the Holy Shia Imams and some of Feyz’s own paraphrases are of sp MoreIn mystical and traditional exegeses the word paraphrase is of essential importance. Among traditional exegeses, Feyz Kashani’s Exegesis is important for its inclusion of paraphrases offered by the Holy Shia Imams and some of Feyz’s own paraphrases are of special importance. Among mystical exegeses, too, Ibn ‘Arabi’s exegesis includes paraphrases relying on mystical paraphrases. Comparing these two works focusing on concepts and methods can clarify the meaning of this act in both areas. In the mentioned exegeses, sometimes because of methodological similarity in studying the meaning of a Quranic verses or ayahs, the paraphrases are similar. However, in most other cases, there are essential differences between the paraphrases. This article attempts to study Ibn ‘Arabi’s and Feyz’s approach to paraphrasing both in theory and practice; thereby introducing the similarities and differences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Analysis of criteria and method of selecting news in Al-Safi interpretation
Nafiseh Kowsari Nia Mahin Sharifi Rahmatullah Abdullahzadeh Arani Abdul Hadi Feqhhizadeh"Tafsir Safi" is one of the most important Shiite commentaries in the 11th century. In addition to ijtihad in the method and tendency of "Tafsir Safi", Feyz Kashani has also performed ijtihad in selecting its sources and narrations. Because, on the one hand, he selected More"Tafsir Safi" is one of the most important Shiite commentaries in the 11th century. In addition to ijtihad in the method and tendency of "Tafsir Safi", Feyz Kashani has also performed ijtihad in selecting its sources and narrations. Because, on the one hand, he selected the narrations from some sources of Imami narrations, and on the other hand, considering the volume of "Safi commentary", he did not intend to collect all the commentary narrations in it. Feyz has selected interpretive narrations based on criteria such as diligence citing from the Infallible (AS) in Shiite sources, being related to the verse, diligence citing from authentic narrators, paying attention to the accuracy of citing from the Infallible (AS), non-contradiction with reason and non-contradiction with the dignity and infallibility of the Prophets (pbuh). He has used methods such as complete narration, summary, appropriate fragmentation, deleting the document, forming a family of hadith, eliminating repetition and referring to similar narrations, and quoting the meaning, which in some cases, his performance is not compatible with some of his criteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigation and analysis of human identity in the poems of Sipdeh Kashani and Qaisar Aminpour.
samira dolatkhah mohammadreza shadmanamen Khodabakhsh AsadollahiMan shapes his identity according to his living conditions and his influence on the environment and the difficult events of social life. This identity is born of individuality and confrontation inside and outside him. The confrontation that has arisen in the beginning f MoreMan shapes his identity according to his living conditions and his influence on the environment and the difficult events of social life. This identity is born of individuality and confrontation inside and outside him. The confrontation that has arisen in the beginning from the ignorance of the soil of his existence and the divine spirit, and has itself created other confrontations, so man, by tending to each of these two elements, determines his own destiny and his happiness and cruelty. In the face of severe disasters, he displays more innate and acquired characteristics than normal. One of these defining events is the war that is imposed on man and puts him at the crossroads of resistance or surrender to show his virtue or vices. In this article, we will find out what characteristics people have during the war, from the point of view of Sepadeh Kashani and Qaisar Aminpour, and how they can reveal their divine and hidden nature with these characteristics. The data of this article are provided using the library method and are described and analyzed in a qualitative way. The most important achievement of this research is that at the beginning of the war, the divine nature of human beings always deprives the devil, but with the end of the war, the devil gradually finds a way to penetrate them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - An Introduction to the Most Important Stylistic Features of Fayz Kashani's Sonnets
firoozeh yazdanpanah Mohammad yosof nayyeriOne of the most remarkable fields of Persian literature is mystical literature which has a very strong background and comprises a large part of our literature. An analytical study of the works in the fields of Sufism and Mysticism is required in order to understand thei MoreOne of the most remarkable fields of Persian literature is mystical literature which has a very strong background and comprises a large part of our literature. An analytical study of the works in the fields of Sufism and Mysticism is required in order to understand their status in different eras and places as well as the stages of their evolution. Molla Mohsen Fayz Kashani is a very prominent and influential poet of the Safavid era, to whom, more than 200 works of poetry are attributed. This great scholar and mystic has a book of poetry containing around twelve thousand verses. The aim of this paper is to study Kashani's sonnets from a stylistic point of view. For this purpose, the final five hundred sonnets of Kashani’s book of sonnets will be examined separately from textual, semantic and literary aspects. It is worth pointing out that there are some rhetorical and structural features in this poet's sonnets which can be described as Kashani’s stylistic features, and will be discussed in detail in this article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Study of equivoque and some of its types in the manuscript version of Kalim Kashani’s “Padshah-nameh”
M.R SharifiEquivoque is one of the techniques, tricks and possibilities of language. This picturesque technique is considered as one of the semantic abnormality types that occurs because of proximity and companion based on the combination and associates the speech with ambiguit MoreEquivoque is one of the techniques, tricks and possibilities of language. This picturesque technique is considered as one of the semantic abnormality types that occurs because of proximity and companion based on the combination and associates the speech with ambiguity, an element of literary language. Equivoque is a wonderful work with the language since when the audience can infer some meanings which are sometimes contradictory through a word or phrase, their joy and interest in text will be increased. Although equivoque often appears in the Iraqi style of poetry and reaches a peak in Khaghani, Hafiz, Saadi’s poems and in spite of the fact that some believe that poets of the Indian style did not use imagery and rhetorical techniques, it is worth mentioning that regarding observance fitness and semantic relations of words and parts of verses was one of the initiative trends in the Safavid era. Some poets such as Kalim, Saeb and Biedl aptly paid full attention to imagery and rhetorical techniques, especially equivoque. This article attempts to recognize the equivoque and some of its types regarding imagery and rhetorical techniques associated with the manuscript version of Kalim Kashani’s “Padshah-nameh” (960 - 1061 AH.). Manuscript profile -
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11 - A sociological look at Kaleem Kashani's poetry based on developmental criticism
Farhad Tahmasebi Mojtaba DastjerdiThis article has been written with the aim of formative critique of Kaleem Kashani's poems. Essen is a method of critique of Goldman's special method in the sociology of literature, which is also known as literary sociology. Parallel to the social context of the poet's MoreThis article has been written with the aim of formative critique of Kaleem Kashani's poems. Essen is a method of critique of Goldman's special method in the sociology of literature, which is also known as literary sociology. Parallel to the social context of the poet's contemporary society, the study and relationship of each of them with what can be seen in that society as a social problem has been explained and explained. One of these issues is the change of the official religion of the country from Sunni to Shiite. Economic prosperity and individualism can be mentioned. Traces of which can not be seen in historical and social books related to the Safavid era, such as the decline of social trust and the formation of social distance are in this category. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Quranic Intertextuality in Baba Afzal Kashani’s Literary Works (Based on Gerard Genette’s Theory
masroureh Mokhtari Mahsa KazempourWith the arrival of Islam in Iran Quranic teachings in the individual and social life of Muslims took a special role followed by Quranic verses and hadiths in the literary and mystical texts of the people of this land, reflected and the writers and poets of your word de MoreWith the arrival of Islam in Iran Quranic teachings in the individual and social life of Muslims took a special role followed by Quranic verses and hadiths in the literary and mystical texts of the people of this land, reflected and the writers and poets of your word decorated with Quranic themes and in various ways showed their writing power. Interpersonalism is one of the structuralists issues according to it, any text of the texts before itself has been influenced; therefore, the authors do not create the original effect; but it also extracts its features from the texts before it. Baba Afzal Kashani is a wise and spiritual ontologist; one of the aspects of his thoughts on human thinking and ontology and many of his topics are inspired by the verses of the holy Qur'an the word's of revelation in the works of this great wise have left many spiritual and verbal influences; as discussed in the essay by Baba Afzal Kashani (madaregolkamal and gavdanname), this influence on the depth of his thoughts is an excellent expression and a feature of his style of writing. The present research project is analytically-descriptive and uses library resource's, has examined the influence of Baba Afzal Kashani on the Qur'an and narration the results of the studies show that he has expressed his mystical thought's, using the Quran and narrative, and has created a deep link between Quranic thought's and literary-mystical thought's given the division of Gérard Genette from Intertextuality, Baba Afzal to the forms, straight (Revealing), and Non-explicit (Hidden and deliberate) and implied, the Quran and narration both in content and in the structure of the treatises have been influenced Manuscript profile -
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13 - Tracing Jami’s Ontological Thoughts in Fayz Kashani’s Mentality
Qodratolah Khaiatian Rahele MirakhorliNurdin Abdul Rahman Jamy- famous ninth-century Sufi poet Islamic calendar by the writings and commentaries of Ibn Arabic school in explaining a significant impact on the spread and persistence of schools in Iran. He thought in the works of Ibn Arabic, as one of the top MoreNurdin Abdul Rahman Jamy- famous ninth-century Sufi poet Islamic calendar by the writings and commentaries of Ibn Arabic school in explaining a significant impact on the spread and persistence of schools in Iran. He thought in the works of Ibn Arabic, as one of the top exponents of this school is an important issue. As described in the Nqdalnsvs Hekam as per description Alfsvs role and also wrote a commentary on Hekam. But the influence of the teachings of the cup on the Iranian thinkers, the question comes to mind whether the unity of existence - as the most important teachings of Ibn Arabic thought in theoretical Sufism as the goblet as follows, in the writings of Faiz Kashani Reflective or not? This descriptive comparative study plans, the possibility that the teachings of the cup thinking about ontology reached Faiz Kashani criticized by relying on texts and words Almknvnh examine and analyze the comparison between the ideas of Heroes and grace Kashani, trace Jami ideas about ontology can be seen in the writings of Faiz Kashani. Manuscript profile -
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14 - Epistemology of the Concepts of Pain and Pleasure in Faiz Kashani’s Lyrics
Mohammad Yusef Pour Mousa Kouros Karimpasandi Ahmad Karimi Seyed Hassan Seyed TorabiOne of the prominent categories in the divan of Faiz Kashani , is the concept of pain and pleasure.Faiz, regards the transcendental and sublime pain as the transformation conversion and sublimation of physical attributes into spiritual attributes, which make it an inter MoreOne of the prominent categories in the divan of Faiz Kashani , is the concept of pain and pleasure.Faiz, regards the transcendental and sublime pain as the transformation conversion and sublimation of physical attributes into spiritual attributes, which make it an internal flourishing and perfection of man kind.On the contrary , and gesia and virtual enjoys cause the mental and psychological imbalance, the bandit of remaining pleasures and ultimately causes the ruin, and waste of life.This article deals with the cincept of pain and pleasure in the Divan of Faiz Kashani , and also a course in the epostemic decoding of pained mystic about the importance of pain in path, the source of pain and pleasure, all sorts of pain and pleasure and Etc, and that human beings, through the rejection of the pain of the downfall, and the virtual and wordly pleasures,must bring real pain and burning within, to achieve true and lasting pleasure, which is the pleasure of joining and meeting God. Manuscript profile -
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15 - Examining Rhetoric Question in Mystical Poems of Kalim- e- Kashani
Gholamreza Hatefi Ardakani Seyed Hossein Shahab Razavi Azizollah TavakolliMost mystic poets use the form and template of rhetorical questions to present mystical lessons. Kalim Kashani renowned for Khallagh Al-Ma'ani The 2nd. (990-1061) AH. One of the most famous lyric poets of the Indian style, using this linguistic and artistic style or imp MoreMost mystic poets use the form and template of rhetorical questions to present mystical lessons. Kalim Kashani renowned for Khallagh Al-Ma'ani The 2nd. (990-1061) AH. One of the most famous lyric poets of the Indian style, using this linguistic and artistic style or important rhetorical construct, mystical thoughts such as the world, soul, charm, heart, independencemortality, attraction, sun, Hassan, effort, glass cup, owl, Poverty, cum, love, tayyar, murad ... In the form of rhetorical questions with different secondary concepts. The use of the kind of negation in the poems of Kalim-e- Kashani has the highest share and use (41.18%) for expressing mystical content. One of the main principles of practical mysticism is that it is necessary for the mystic first to prove the truth, to negate the attachments. Surprisingly, the product is the negation of belongings. Kalim-e- Kashani in his poems after understanding God's majesty by understanding his disability, has been raising rhetoric question to blame and criticize social hardship. This paper, using the content analysis method, aimed to acquaint the audience with the lessons of practical mysticism of Kalim-e- Kashani, have examined the mystical content of rhetoric question in poems of Kalim-e- Kashani. The use of illustrations and literary tools of allegory, association, Hosne Ta’lil and Jenaas has made the poet's rhetoric question tight. The rhetorical questions with the secondary meanings of denial, wonder, injustice and rebuke have formed the four main aspects of the themes of poems of Kalim-e- Kashani. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Rhetorical question and its secondary purposes in Kassab Kashani's poems
Elham gholamkelisan Mehrdad Chatraei Morteza RashidiOne of the tools influencing the audience is using the power of words to convey secondary meanings, and this issue is well seen in the secondary meanings of interrogatives. Due to the necessity and necessity of the topic, the poet raises news, orders and prohibitions in MoreOne of the tools influencing the audience is using the power of words to convey secondary meanings, and this issue is well seen in the secondary meanings of interrogatives. Due to the necessity and necessity of the topic, the poet raises news, orders and prohibitions in the form of questions, because the effect of the sentences of news or orders and prohibitions in the form of interrogatives is much greater on the listener than in the form of news or orders and prohibitions. Is; The poet expresses his meaning in the form and construction of questions in order to make the reader or listener to think faster and better, or to prevent him or to arouse his emotions. Literary questions in sentences often have no answer and are used to achieve various rhetorical functions. In this research, the author is trying to investigate the rhetorical question in Kassab Kashani's poems with descriptive-analytical method and library tools and to answer the question that what are the most implied meanings of questioning used in Kassab Kashani's poetry? The results of the research indicate that most of the questions in Kassab Kashani's poetry include the implicit meaning of helplessness and expressing despair, and Kassab has used all the linguistic tricks and abilities in the structure of semantics in his poem and embellished his speech in a way. Is. The optimal use of the science of meanings has made his words lasting and influential and heartwarming. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Aesthetics of speech in the poems of Maulana Mohammad Baqer Kashani (Khordeh)
Abed Karimi Asghar RezaporianMusic is one of the essentials of visual and auditory beauty. There are few words that can come to life and be far away from this important factor, that is, music. Almost all the ancient literature of Iran is tied to this art, and in the past, even though they did not h MoreMusic is one of the essentials of visual and auditory beauty. There are few words that can come to life and be far away from this important factor, that is, music. Almost all the ancient literature of Iran is tied to this art, and in the past, even though they did not have a formal and fundamental understanding of it, they used it in the most beautiful way and created masterpieces of poetry and prose. Therefore, one of the factors that created the beauty and charm of Maulana Mohammad Baqer Khurde Kashani's poems is the aesthetics, the music of his words and the melody of his language. The beauty of poetry music is one of the main components of poetic language and it implies the sequence, order and arrangement of poetic words to express the feelings, emotions and poetic themes as beautifully as possible. In this research, which aims to investigate the aesthetic aspects of Maulana Mohammad Baqer Khurda Kashani's poetry, an attempt is made to analyze the musical element in Baqer Khurda's poems in a descriptive-analytical way, so the music of Baqer Khurda's poems in two topics of external music and The side music has been checked. The result of this research shows that one of the factors that contributes significantly to the good reputation of Baqir Khord and his poems is his poetic music, which relies more on external, side and spiritual music. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Examining religious-Islamic allusions of Shams al-Din Kashani in the system of Shahnameh of chanizi
seyed mohsen gamalizadeh Seyed Mohsen Jamalizadeh Majid Hajizadeh AskariAbstract Allusion is one of the literary arts that poets have been using for a long time in order to make their work attractive and authentic. Allusion means referring to stories, verses, traditions, etc . in poetry, if the reader can understand These hints should reach MoreAbstract Allusion is one of the literary arts that poets have been using for a long time in order to make their work attractive and authentic. Allusion means referring to stories, verses, traditions, etc . in poetry, if the reader can understand These hints should reach the knowledge of these stories, verses, narrations, etc . Otherwise, the poem will appear meaningless and meaningless in the eyes of the reader . One of these poets is Shams-al-Din-Kashani poet of the Mughal era, who, due to the religious conditions of that era, used Islamic allusions in his work, the Changizi Shahnameh . Shams-al-Din-Kashani . The research method is a library and analytical-descriptive method . The results of the research showed that Shams-al-Din-Kashani used religious - Islamic allusions, i.e. verses, narratives and stories, cleverly and expertly . This art is profitable in its own work, which indicates the religious-Islamic beliefs of the poet . Manuscript profile -
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19 - The survey of internal music and repetition in the poems of Maulana Mohammad Baqir Khorde
Abed Karimi Asghar RezaporianPoetry is the transmission of experience through the presentation of unexpected methods. Composition of phrases is one of the highlighting methods. Maulana Mohammad Baqer Khorde is one of the prominent poets of the Safavid era. He is one of the phrase composer poets. Va MorePoetry is the transmission of experience through the presentation of unexpected methods. Composition of phrases is one of the highlighting methods. Maulana Mohammad Baqer Khorde is one of the prominent poets of the Safavid era. He is one of the phrase composer poets. Various musical effects are seen in the poetic compositions. Music is one of the building elements of poetry, which is divided into three categories. External music (prosodic aspect of poetry), side music (epistrophe and rhyme), internal music (types of balances resulting from verbal communication and semantic proportions). In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the poetic phrase compositions of the Diwan manuscript of Maulana Mohammad Baqer Khorde Kashani's poetry from the perspective of inner music. The obtained results show that he used internal music to create a kind of unity in The axis of companionship and succession in poetry. In addition to the appropriateness, beauty and effect of the words, the linguistic richness of the poem and the semantic load of the compositions are also added. He has shown that he has achieved the ultimate goal of poetry, which is to express the meaning and inner meaning of poetry, by observing the appropriateness and connection between music and poetry with other elements. Manuscript profile -
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20 - The Impact of Masochism on imageries in the poems of Kelim Kashani
Masoomeh Lak GhadamAli SaramiIndian poetry is characterized by intense Masochistic tendencies of the poet and expression of interest and attachment to painful and annoying things. Tear, cry, blood, pain, difficulty, calamity, death drive... are clearly visible in the works of these poets. The inten MoreIndian poetry is characterized by intense Masochistic tendencies of the poet and expression of interest and attachment to painful and annoying things. Tear, cry, blood, pain, difficulty, calamity, death drive... are clearly visible in the works of these poets. The intense Masochistic tendencies are considered to be one of the main features of the Indian poetry. In the present research, attempts are made to discover the link between masochism and aesthetics in the poems of the Kelim Kashani. Given that imagery has received considerable attention in Indian poetry, Kalim Kashani has managed to use his pessimism to combine this psychological factor and poetic imaginations and create beautiful images. This feature is so prominent in the works of this poet such that, he refers to prophets who suffered a lot during their lifetime even in his allusions. Manuscript profile -
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21 - Investigation of engineering form of linguistic and literary structure of repetition in Kalim Kashani's lyric poems
Fazlollah Rezaei Ardani Gholamreza Hatafi ArdakaniRepetition is way to create and increase the amount of music and increase the norm in words and is important in music and rhetoric. In this literary research, this linguistic and literary art has been studied in the lyric poems of Kalim Kashani, the famous poet of the 1 MoreRepetition is way to create and increase the amount of music and increase the norm in words and is important in music and rhetoric. In this literary research, this linguistic and literary art has been studied in the lyric poems of Kalim Kashani, the famous poet of the 11th century. The use of repetition has filled this poet with inner music, and this structure serves to convey meaning and feeling to the audience. Repetition is one of the factors in creating music.signs of this linguistic phenomenon can be seen in nature, such as day and night, spring and summer, and ... Repetition is the important features of the poet's words in the axis of accompaniment, or the longitudinal extension of his poems. This article examines its form. This feature creates visual and auditory, order, communication, and convinces the audience's mind and takes them to literary pleasure. This research has been done with the aim of examining the application of the tools for creating the music of speech, namely repetition and also localization of formalist critique, in the lyric poems of Kalim Kashani. The research method in this article is based on the study, analysis and objective description of the research findings, taking into account the principles of formalist critique. By this research, it was found that Kalim used the literary ornament of proportion, the melody of letters and other linguistic and literary works of art by using repetition to explore the mind of the audience and induce the content. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Theme Development in Kalim Kashāni’s Sonnets
Morteza Rashidi zahra hatami mehrdad chatraeiTheme development is a process in which a narrow point, a precise mindset, a subtlety, and a fresh form of meaning are created, which is the most important feature of Persian poetry from the ninth century up to the age of “Indian Style”. Theme is a structura MoreTheme development is a process in which a narrow point, a precise mindset, a subtlety, and a fresh form of meaning are created, which is the most important feature of Persian poetry from the ninth century up to the age of “Indian Style”. Theme is a structural category related to the linguistic form and capacities; and the cause of theme development is the poet’s power of association through similarities, proximity and contradictions. Kalim Kashani, an Indian-style theme-developing poet, enjoying a deep and thorough look at the world around him, uses the objects/motifs in a different way; develops new themes in accordance with objectivities, general principles and abstract imagery, and the use of one or more theme-developing techniques, indirectly expressing his pure internal mindsets. In this study, for the purpose of exploring the techniques of theme-development with objects/motifs and studying the poet’s the angle of view, “candle” was studied as one theme-developing element/motif in his sonnets. It was determined that among the various techniques of theme development, the “equation model” was the most frequently used method. This significant frequency may be attributed to the socializing, or “mingling” of poets and common people, which has reinforced the universality and accessibility of Safavid-era poets. Manuscript profile -
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23 - Survey of popular culture in Jalalieh treatise by Mohtsham Kashani
zeinab kochaki Alikalayeh seyed keyhan shohadaie Jamal ahmady Reza BorzoiyAbstractPublic culture is an ancient heritage with a territory as wide as the history of humanity, which has been inherited orally, from chest to chest and from generation to generation in the form of valuable experiences. The folk literature of every nation and nationa MoreAbstractPublic culture is an ancient heritage with a territory as wide as the history of humanity, which has been inherited orally, from chest to chest and from generation to generation in the form of valuable experiences. The folk literature of every nation and nationality originates from its culture and civilization and reflects the thoughts, views and also the lifestyle of the peoples and nations in the distant past. The purpose of this research is to identify common beliefs and traditions in Jalalieh treatise by Mohtsham Kashani. Therefore, the current research has analyzed the "public culture investigation in Risal Jalalieh by Mohtsham Kashani" using the method of content analysis and based on library studies. The results of the research show that Mohtsham Kashani used most of the elements of popular culture in his work and used them to make his work more attractive and popular. The way to preserve the good and old traditions has also helped a lot, among which the highest frequency is dedicated to public beliefs and opinions, literature and public terms, and the least of them is dedicated to things such as jobs, professions, and public customs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Analysis of mystical themes in one hundred lyric poems of Kashan
Fazlollah Rezaei Ardani Gholamreza Hatafi ArdakaniKaleem Kashani is one of the famous lyric poets of the 11th century AH, whose lyricism shows signs of mysticism and Sufism. Mystical teachings in his sonnets express true or heavenly love. In this article, mystical subjects in a hundred lyric poems of Kaleem Kashani, kn MoreKaleem Kashani is one of the famous lyric poets of the 11th century AH, whose lyricism shows signs of mysticism and Sufism. Mystical teachings in his sonnets express true or heavenly love. In this article, mystical subjects in a hundred lyric poems of Kaleem Kashani, known as the creator of second meanings, have been studied randomly in order to depict the prominent manifestations of love and its perfection. In addition, in literary and mystical researches, Kaleem Introduce the title of mystic poet and finally point out that his lyrical lyric poems are a place to express high mystical meanings. The lyric poems of this creative poet have a mystical structure and he tries to find the precious gem of true love by designing mystical mechanisms. On this occasion, manifestations of mystical teachings have been included in his lyric poems. This article, by analyzing and describing mystical findings, intends to first analyze the mystical tendencies of Kaleem and examine and analyze them by mentioning examples of those examples. Examining the mystical teachings in the lyric poems of this poet, it is worthwhile to consider Kaleem as one of the mystics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Take a look at methods themes in kalim kashani's Ghazals (Sonnet)s
Morteza Rashidi zahra hatami mehrdad chatraieKalim can be considered as the most capable poet to embody precise meanings and illustrate diluted thoughts in a rhetoric format whose sonnets are full of recognition, subtlety, pristine and innovated themes, imagination, colorful meanings and transcendent metaphors.In MoreKalim can be considered as the most capable poet to embody precise meanings and illustrate diluted thoughts in a rhetoric format whose sonnets are full of recognition, subtlety, pristine and innovated themes, imagination, colorful meanings and transcendent metaphors.In this study, the techniques of the themes were studied in Kalim's sonnets. In addition, it was found One of the stylistic and unique methods in Indian style poetry that has created special poetic meanings and contents (strange meaning) is the use of techniques that discover new connections and relations between the concrete and the abstract that there seems to be no connection between them. Moreover, this meticulousness, subtlety, and precision in the detail is a factor that the poet selects even the surrounding objects as one of the thematic elements.that he used various elements for the themes in his sonnets, which played a significant role in the network of images and associations of meaning in his poetry. Since his profound and creative look in one thing or phenomenon was discerning continually the other things that created a new theme through the relation between the expressions of a verse and the( link between them and the triple relation of similarity, proximity, and contradiction via the detailed and partial attitude toward the surrounding objects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Reflection of trade union tools and words in the words of Ghassab Kashani
Elham Gholamkelisani Mehrdad ChatraeiAzizabadi morteza rashidiAmong Iranian poets, especially after the Safavid period, a group of professionals gradually appeared and some of them have shone. The use of tools and occupations in poets' poetry has a long history. This application, along with the useful information that it provides MoreAmong Iranian poets, especially after the Safavid period, a group of professionals gradually appeared and some of them have shone. The use of tools and occupations in poets' poetry has a long history. This application, along with the useful information that it provides about different occupations, provides guidance in better understanding the old days of Iran in different periods The literary approach of these occupations can be seen in the literary type of poetry, One of the most important features of the city of riots, in addition to the description of the beloved, is the expression of the professions that were popular in the time and place of the poet and its community. In this research, among the professional poets, we have focused on the butcher of Kashani. Kassab is one of the poets of the second half of the 11th century and the beginning of the 12th century of Hijri, who has been able to write admirable poems in addition to the mystical and lyrical themes in the creative theme of his profession, considering the level of his awareness and knowledge. Bring in your speech. aims to investigate the use of tools and related job terms in Kassani's butcher's court, and by analyzing the findings, explain the use of tools in Kassab's poetry. and show the poet's ability to combine his profession with the poetry and social characteristics of his time, how are the tools and words related to the butcher's profession reflected in the words of Kashani's butcher? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Investigation and analysis of the rituals of Sama, solitude and Kharqah in Mesbah al-Hedayeh and Meftah al-Kefayah by Izz al-Din Kashani with an approach to the principle of utilitarianism
Seyad mMomammad saedi Masoud Kheradmandpour ab maghamianzade amirmohammad ArdeshirzadehIslamic Sufism has a variety of rituals that are intended to bring a person to true happiness.Therefore, ina general view, all these rituals have major spiritual and cognitivebenefits.In Mesbah Al-Hedayeh's book, Izz al-Din Kashani discusses a number of mystical rituals MoreIslamic Sufism has a variety of rituals that are intended to bring a person to true happiness.Therefore, ina general view, all these rituals have major spiritual and cognitivebenefits.In Mesbah Al-Hedayeh's book, Izz al-Din Kashani discusses a number of mystical rituals and their beneficial aspects, among which listening, solitude, and cloaking seem to be moreprominent.Accordingly, in thepresent study, citing library sources and descriptive-analytical method, the mentioned Sufi practices are examinedand explored from the perspective of theprinciple of utilitarianism.The reason for choosing the theory of utilitarianism is its capacity to achieve an innovative analysis of Kashani's viewsThe results of the research showthat Kashani, like utilitarians, emphasizes the result of performing an action and does not simply consider the action itself good or bad. Also, the benefits of hearing are: providing part of the spiritual needs of the seekerElimination of the mental and physical condition of the seeker; Polishing of human existence; Creating love in the heart of the seeker; Revealer of divine secrets; Communicating the seeker with the world of divinity; Strengthen the stability and spiritual focus of the seeker.The main benefits of solitude are:enjoying and knowing the divine and spiritual sciences; Preserving the religion of the seeker; Keep the seeker away from internaland external dangers; Restraining the ego and directing it; Seekercommunication with God; Disregard for the world and mafias;Fellowship with God and the Prophet.The benefits of the cloak also include:making desirable changes in the seeker's habits; Achieving a profound internal transformation through the lens of external and external changes Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - A Survey on Concept Making in Kalim Kashani Lyrics
Ali Dehghan Habibeh Zahedi KiaConcept creating is making or discovering the relationship or finding a new integration between a subject and an object which have no apparent relationship. Concept creating is more common in one of the Persian poetry styles called Indian style that Kalim Kashani, a fam MoreConcept creating is making or discovering the relationship or finding a new integration between a subject and an object which have no apparent relationship. Concept creating is more common in one of the Persian poetry styles called Indian style that Kalim Kashani, a famous poet of 11th century, is an adherent of this style, and his book (complete poetical works) containing 590 lyrics is one of the significant works of the era. One of the prominent characteristics of his lyrics is concept creating. Methods and tricks of concept creating include: equation style, exaggeration, wide simile and motifs, which have been used in perfection by Kalim. In order to examine the methods and tricks of concept creating, Kalim’s book has been studied and facts containing concepts have been extracted, evaluated and described in some sections of equation styles including: exaggeration, wide simile and motifs. Examining concept creating in Kalim’s poems, it became clear that this poet has used equation style to create concept more than all the other methods by applying wide simile, motifs and exaggeration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - social customs and traditions in Iranian branch of Safavid era poetry
nasrin rezazadeh maryam mohammadzadeh ramin sadeghinejad Regarding the fact that in analyzing the poems of great poets in Safavid era, a type of generative sociology is felt like any other era, and considering that the recognition and analysis of literary works and gaining knowledge about the life of the authors More Regarding the fact that in analyzing the poems of great poets in Safavid era, a type of generative sociology is felt like any other era, and considering that the recognition and analysis of literary works and gaining knowledge about the life of the authors who have created such works is not possible without investigating the society and culture through which they have been brought up, the present research, aimed at investigating about social status of the era and knowing the general public lifestyles, is going to investigate different social ethics and customs in Iranian branch of Safavid era (the poems composed by Vahshi-e-Bafghi, Mohtasham Kashani, Naziri-e-Neishabouri, Kalim-e-Kashani, and Saeb). In this era, different issues such as the different traditions to celebrate the New year, wedding ceremonies, mourning, drinking alcohol, and other customs such as tipping, holding babies in cradle, fastening the letters onto the wings of pigeons, bottling the fairies and wearing something onto the arms were among the most frequent mentions in the Divan composed by Saeb.In Bafqi's poems, there­ is the least mention of social customs Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Studying, analyzing and comparing ethical teachings in the sonnets of Abdul Rahman Jami and Mollamohsen Feiz Kashani
gholamhosein khammar habib jadid mostafa salari Ethics is a human concept, and since literature is a means of representing categories related to humanity, we have witnessed widespread reflection in literary texts. Islamic mysticism is one of the intellectual and cognitive styles that describe and define the et More Ethics is a human concept, and since literature is a means of representing categories related to humanity, we have witnessed widespread reflection in literary texts. Islamic mysticism is one of the intellectual and cognitive styles that describe and define the ethics for which it is defined. The Sufis, using a variety of tools, especially poetry, have expressed their most important ethical thoughts and teachings, including Jami and Feiz Kashani. These two students of Ibn Arabi school of mysticism have discussed ethical humanistic attributes in the Sonnets that will be examined and compared in this study, using a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of the study show that two poets have spoken about "abandonment of selfishness, desirable love, altruism, worldliness, blasphemy, hypocrisy, silence and blasphemy and worldly blasphemy." It also turned out that Jami'ah had mentioned cases of "repentance and avoidance of persecuted people", and Feiz Kashani had spoken of "the necessity of performing rituals, the welfare of a good friend and the neglect of blasphemy." In sum, the ethical recommendations of the poets are rooted in two sources of Islam and Islamic mysticism and are thus defined in one respect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Tabriz during Iranian National Movement
reza abediAfter Constitutional Revolution, the National Oil Movement is one of the most important historical events of Iran during the contemporary history that occurred in the early thirties. Although oil and its relevant issues are the focus of this significant national movemen MoreAfter Constitutional Revolution, the National Oil Movement is one of the most important historical events of Iran during the contemporary history that occurred in the early thirties. Although oil and its relevant issues are the focus of this significant national movement, due to excellent leadership of the movement by Dr. Mohammad Mosaddegh, this national movement had sufficient impacts on all aspects of the country in different political and social levels on one hand and regardless of the five-year up and down period accompanied by Ayatollah Kashani on the other hand. In terms of depth and scope of this national movement, not only Tehran but also big cities of Iran have played a role on their parts. Azerbaijan which has a lofty position in the life history of Iran and strengthening its eventful identity played a significant and effective role during the National Movement, and Tabriz, as Azerbaijan’s center has taken a step forward as always. In this paper, the activities and political atmosphere of Tabriz in support of the National Oil Movement have been studied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Comparative Study of Feyz Kashani's Policy by Implementing Islamic Criminal Law
mohesen safari reza ZahraviIn the modern criminal, decriminalization is an issue that have been inevitably raised because of criminal population inflation. In the present article, the authors tried to explain this issue. In the last part of this article, the view point of Fiqh Imamiyeh has been s MoreIn the modern criminal, decriminalization is an issue that have been inevitably raised because of criminal population inflation. In the present article, the authors tried to explain this issue. In the last part of this article, the view point of Fiqh Imamiyeh has been studied and analyzed too. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Precept of Friday Prayer from Feyz Kashani's Viewpoint
abdolkarim abdollahiThe present article analyzes Feyz Kashani's viewpoint about Friday Prayer. Our Prophet, Mohammad, is the first person who executed Friday Prayer. Its philosophy is to strengthen religious principles. Nowadays, it expresses necessary problems related to the Islamic socie MoreThe present article analyzes Feyz Kashani's viewpoint about Friday Prayer. Our Prophet, Mohammad, is the first person who executed Friday Prayer. Its philosophy is to strengthen religious principles. Nowadays, it expresses necessary problems related to the Islamic society too. This article explains Feyz Kashani's viewpoint completely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - "Mossadegh's confrontation with the lawlessness of the court: a return to the constitution or a strategic mistake in political calculations?"
Parviz Karimian Ravandi Ali Bigdeli sina forozeshThe involvement of influential people in the court played an important role in the fall of Mossadegh's government. The most active and influential of them were the Shah's mother and his sister Ashraf Pahlavi. Ashraf in particular, which formed a vast network of influent MoreThe involvement of influential people in the court played an important role in the fall of Mossadegh's government. The most active and influential of them were the Shah's mother and his sister Ashraf Pahlavi. Ashraf in particular, which formed a vast network of influential people known as Ashraf's "gang." From the beginning of Mossadegh's rule, these two women actively fought against him. Mossadegh and other leaders of the national movement repeatedly tried to mediate their political activities through intermediaries, but failed. Despite Mossadegh's harsh actions against the court and forcing Ashraf to leave Iran, the woman did not give up her conspiracy and was betraying the Iranian oil movement in Paris. He came to Tehran and delivered the "CIA message" to his brotherThe main question of the article: Was Mohammad Mossadegh's confrontation with the lawlessness of the court in order to return to the constitution a strategic mistake in political calculations and decisions? This research lacks hypotheses due to its grounded theory and exploratory nature, and the present study will be question-based and theory-finding.Historical evidence shows that Mossadegh's opposition to the lawlessness of the court was in line with the continuation of the constitutionalist system in Iran. The Shah and the courtiers' disregard for the constitution and the dissolution of the legislature by Mossadegh and his inflexibility were two scales that, at the same time, undermined the foundations of the democratic system in Iran and allowed foreigners to influence major decisions. provided a decisive factor for the Iranians. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The assassination of Razm Ara; a strength which became a weakness
Mir Hadi Hosseini Javad Abbasi KangouriGenerally, crucial historical events were related to the controversial mysteriousassassinations since the birth of the modern Iranian political community inConstitutional era which the alien power centers’ efforts to hide the nature andcircumstances of their imple MoreGenerally, crucial historical events were related to the controversial mysteriousassassinations since the birth of the modern Iranian political community inConstitutional era which the alien power centers’ efforts to hide the nature andcircumstances of their implementation through highly sectarian analyses which areaffected by hostile internal factions were more successful in hiding the files of theseassassinations than the curious minds’ efforts to understand them.The assassination of "Haj Ali Razm Ara", Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi’s PrimeMinister, during the national movement can be mentioned as one of these assassinationswhich had an unquestionable impact on the success of the oil nationalization, however,on the other hand it should be admitted that the transfer of the foreign power whichdominated the Country’s oil in political unrest and provocations architecture of publicopinion in the transfer of power and the decisive role of this assassination inundermining the national unity has been neglected. This study was an attempt to clarifythe ambiguities and a collection of thematic documents book, the memories of thepolitical figures of that era, and authentic books are used as the major and the minorresearch methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Studying Mohtasham Kashani’s Āshūrá-Content Tarkib-Band, Inspired by Ancestors
hamidreza jadidiThe most famous Farsi ritual elegy is Mohtasham Kashani’s Āshūrá-content tarkib-band, which was continuously considered. The cultural and lingual effect of this elegy is more than just a poem; it was modeled and admired by experts. Mohtasham, sincerely, was MoreThe most famous Farsi ritual elegy is Mohtasham Kashani’s Āshūrá-content tarkib-band, which was continuously considered. The cultural and lingual effect of this elegy is more than just a poem; it was modeled and admired by experts. Mohtasham, sincerely, was inspired by poets before him; created an eternal piece. This article represented the goods of this poem and experts’ thoughts around it by analytical-descriptive method, and showed his influence by Khaghani Shervani, Ravandi, Hasan Kashi, Khajooi-e-Kermani, Azari-e-Toosi, Ibn Hesame Khosfi and others. In this tarkib-band the poet endeavoured properly and simply to add a combination of other poets’ goods to his poet, not mentioning God’s favour, Infallibles’ help, and encouragement of Safavid King. Studying its structure, no great piece, especially in literature field, can be created without gaining benefits of others’ remarkable pieces; and every type of literature has reached its peak in its stylistic life, it is set as a model for others, but its first acceptance is rarely repeated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - An analytical look at Mohtsham Kashani's poetry with a satirical approach and social criticism
Azadeh FadakarThe fluidity of humor is such that without taking into account the time, place, cultural and linguistic conditions, it cannot be assumed as a single and fixed element. In Persian literature, due to the lack of attention of the writers and poets of the past to compile th MoreThe fluidity of humor is such that without taking into account the time, place, cultural and linguistic conditions, it cannot be assumed as a single and fixed element. In Persian literature, due to the lack of attention of the writers and poets of the past to compile the basics of humor and disregard for today's interpretation. According to scientific theorizing about humor, the principles and approaches of humor can only be understood and mapped by studying their works. From the oldest Persian literary texts to today, depending on the conditions that were said before, many pieces of literary works can be classified as humor. In this article, Mohtsham's humor has been looked at with an analytical view, and thoughtful results have been obtained from the poetry of this religious poet. The research method in this article is descriptive analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Introduction and analysis of the newly written manuscript of GHassab Kashani's court
Elham Gholamkelisani Mehrdad ChatraeiAzizabadi morteza rashidiManuscripts are written heritage and represent the scientific, cultural and social identity of nations. Since ancient times and as evidenced by history, Persian-language writers and poets have created many works, whose preservation and revival is the scientific and cult MoreManuscripts are written heritage and represent the scientific, cultural and social identity of nations. Since ancient times and as evidenced by history, Persian-language writers and poets have created many works, whose preservation and revival is the scientific and cultural mission of researchers. Although researchers in the field of Persian language and literature have long paid special attention to the correction of ancient Persian literary texts, some of these texts have not been revived and corrected after centuries. Nevertheless, the copy of Diwan Kasab Kashani has been corrected five times by Parto Beizai, Abbasi, Javaheri, Karmi and Atefi, and the authors are trying to identify the copy and the author with the descriptive-analytical method and with the help of library sources. and examine the stylistic elements and components, express its linguistic features, its literary, religious, mystical and historical value. Also, address the corrections that have been made from this manuscript, and in each correction, briefly mention the motivations of the correctors for reviving Diwan Kasab, the methods of correction, and the additions and appendices in the corrections. review The results of the research show that the manuscript of Noor Osmaniyeh Library has not been used in the previous corrections Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The effects of Imam Muhammad Ghazali's view on human perfection on later thinkers
Soheileh Asemi Seyed Hossein Sajadi Abdolreza JamalzadehHuman beings have purposeful creation in the position of Ashraf and must achieve the degree of perfection in the path of life in order to be worthy of their main position. This important matter has made thinkers to express the way to perfection in many ways. Abu Hamed M MoreHuman beings have purposeful creation in the position of Ashraf and must achieve the degree of perfection in the path of life in order to be worthy of their main position. This important matter has made thinkers to express the way to perfection in many ways. Abu Hamed Mohammad Ghazali, as a thinker and thinker, has expressed valuable opinions about perfection by writing numerous works. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the effects of Imam Muhammad Ghazali's view on the perfection of man on his later thinkers in an analytical-descriptive way. From his point of view, the ultimate perfection of man is to gain control over the soul and as a result to reach the closeness of God. He has mentioned steps to get this rank. These steps begin with finding a guide (bearers of the divine message) and following religion and are strengthened by acquiring knowledge and knowledge. Then by avoiding vices and acquiring virtues, this can be achieved. Ghazali has created many developments in the field of perfection compared to his predecessors, the basis of which was the amount of benefit from religion. He has left his influence in various fields of philosophy, theology and mysticism, which shows the wide scope of his influence. Influences such as turning more attention to religion, moderate rationalism, the integration of Tariqat and Sharia, etc. Molla Sadra, Faiz Kashani, Sanai and Maulvi are among these thinkers who have been most influenced by him. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Mystical Christianity from the point of view of Origen of Alexandria and Feyz Kashani
Nastaran FahimiThe concepts of Christ and Christianity in Christian and Islamic theology have a centrality that how they are interpreted affects other pillars of theology. This research, which has been done by descriptive-comparative method, tries to express the views of Origen Eskand MoreThe concepts of Christ and Christianity in Christian and Islamic theology have a centrality that how they are interpreted affects other pillars of theology. This research, which has been done by descriptive-comparative method, tries to express the views of Origen Eskandarani and Feyz Kashani in this regard. It is clear from the findings that based on their philosophical backgrounds, they sought to equip theology with rationality and, based on mystical contexts, believed in a system of divine manifestations. Origen of Alexandria and Feyz Kashani were both commentators on the Bible, and the similarity of their interpretations suggests that the Shiite mystical understanding of the position of Jesus Christ is based on the narrations of the Infallibles, with a kind of "Christianity" in the atmosphere. Pre-Soviet thought in the history of Christianity is consistent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The emergence of divine affairs in man from the point of view of Origen of Alexandria and Feyz Kashani
Nastaran Fahimi alireza ebrahim Zahra Hoseini hamidOrigenes of Alexandria and Feyz Kashani are two influential figures in Christian and Shiite theology, respectively, who have offered special views on the relationship between God and man. These two have a background in philosophical, theological and mystical studies and MoreOrigenes of Alexandria and Feyz Kashani are two influential figures in Christian and Shiite theology, respectively, who have offered special views on the relationship between God and man. These two have a background in philosophical, theological and mystical studies and have devoted themselves to the interpretation of the Bible and the Qur'an. This article, which is presented in a descriptive-comparative manner, examines the "emergence of divine things in man" from the perspective of the two. Origen and Grace believe that all human beings, especially Jesus Christ (the Son) and the Caliph of God, are God's creatures and that all divine attributes, except eternity and eternity, are transmitted to them. Also, other human beings can manifest many divine attributes through Christ or the Caliph of God. In this regard, loving Jesus or the Caliph of God is a means of transmitting divine attributes to man. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The Analysis of the Poetical Thoughts of Andalib Kashani
Mina Salari ali akbar afrasiabpourAbstract Stylistics has greatly been in the focus of consideration in recent years and the restoration poets are the first Iranian experts who unconsciously have dealt with it and explored the ancient scholars' works. They had MoreAbstract Stylistics has greatly been in the focus of consideration in recent years and the restoration poets are the first Iranian experts who unconsciously have dealt with it and explored the ancient scholars' works. They had to scrutinize and learn all the aspects of lingual, thought and literary works of the ancient men so that to imitate them. Although these poets do not possess a specific style and only have imitated the ancient works, they've sometimes created novelty works in the same way. Pondering on their imitation of the previous poets can bring us some useful results. The restoration era poets who Andalib is one of them could save the Persian language from weakness and deficiency, has done great service to preserve the Persian ancient language and its literature. The aim of this research is the poetical thought of Andalib Kashani by bonding the language to the simplicity of contemplation in the poetry (praise, maxim , description and love .) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Study of views and jurisprudential ideas of Mohsen Feiz Kashani
sara sahlolbei فهیمه ملک زاده younes vahed yarijanThe variety of thoughts of jurists in every era has an important role in forming the structure of jurisprudence dynamic of ijtihad of Shia. Investigation of Faiz Kashani’s view points, as a prominent and innovative jurist, is essential to achieve to up to date jurisp MoreThe variety of thoughts of jurists in every era has an important role in forming the structure of jurisprudence dynamic of ijtihad of Shia. Investigation of Faiz Kashani’s view points, as a prominent and innovative jurist, is essential to achieve to up to date jurisprudence, proportional to the islamic society. The aim of this research is investigating comparative Faiz Kashani’s jurisprudence votes, in addition to surveying the reasons of contrary and agreeing votes with him among jurists. Moreover, it has been tried to detect the jurisprudence bases and intellectual principles of Faiz Kashani’s thoughts in deduction of progressed rulings in solving problems of islamic society. In spite of Akhbari background in the time of Faiz, due to influence of Mollasadra, he paid his life time to order jurisprudence in accordance with morality and mysticism (unlike to Akhbari jurists). With courage and deep thinking, along with courage in jurisprudence and presence in scientific and cultural fields, Faiz progressed in social services to solve people problems. Using wisdom in sum of narratives, listless to previous famous jurisprudence judgment, attention to easiness, paying attention to Soni learned, have been the most important properties of Faiz. Fainally, according to the above mentioned points, Faiz declared to the proportional age of puberty and purity of the people of other religions. This study has been followed using descriptive, comparative, and analytical method and using literature review and note taking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Searching Social Institutions in the poetry of Kalim Kashani
Ismaeil Hakemi Vala Parnoosh PajouheshThe sociological approach to literature examines a literary work with reference to the social milieu of its creator and focuses on the interaction between social milieu and literary work, and it introduces the role of the society in the creation of a work of art. The pu MoreThe sociological approach to literature examines a literary work with reference to the social milieu of its creator and focuses on the interaction between social milieu and literary work, and it introduces the role of the society in the creation of a work of art. The purpose of this article is as follows: 1. Investigation of the impact of sociology on the Persian Literature. 2. A glance at the political and literary milieu in Safavid era. 3. Short Introduction to Kalim Kashani and his poetry. 4. Investigating social institutions from the sociologists’ perspective. 5. Evaluation of social elements in Kashani’s poetry using social institutions as yardsticks in order to illustrate the role of social effects in mirroring the society of his time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - The Study of the stylistic features and motifs in Kalim Kashani’s Ghazaliat
Mahmud Sadegh ZadehKalim Kashani is a creative, balanced, and prolific poet who has tried his hand in all types of poetry but his main reputation is for his lyricism. Kalim’s Ghazaliat apart from having common features of Indian style, due to its poetic force of creativity, ri MoreKalim Kashani is a creative, balanced, and prolific poet who has tried his hand in all types of poetry but his main reputation is for his lyricism. Kalim’s Ghazaliat apart from having common features of Indian style, due to its poetic force of creativity, richness of diction and semantics, and lyrical inclinations, it has linguistic, literary features. The art of Kalim lies in his creation of imagery, content and he uses all the rhetoric possibilities of language in such a simple clear manner that makes his dense imagery far from complexity and ambiguity. Similies in Ghazaliat Kalim is divided into three parts: wide, farfetched, and favourite. In his Ghazaliat, Kalim uses mostly perceptual metaphors and sometimes he creates novel imagery out of non poetic subjects. Although parallelism is the main feature of Saeb’s poetry, but Kalim is known to be the pioneer of this style and it is the characteristic of his poetry. Kalim’s Ghazaliat in terms of mental and spiritual states is expressive of his philosophical and lyrical thoughts. The frequency of words, and his particular motifs in many cases is representative of his speculative and skeptical philosophical ideas. The main feature of his Ghazaliat is the application of such motifs which is the core of imagination and it reveals his perspective of life. In this research, the analysis of his Ghazaliat with reference to previous studies has been made and examples were given. Manuscript profile
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