List of Articles John Dewey

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  1 - Content analysis of science textbook of the elementary school fifth grade based on Dewey’s problem-solving model
  یونس امیراحمدی شهین ایروانی محمدرضا شرفی
  This research was conducted with the aim of content analysis of science textbook of the elementary school fifth grade based on Dewey’s problem-solving model. The general approach of textbook for problem solving process was performed by using William Romei techniqu More

  This research was conducted with the aim of content analysis of science textbook of the elementary school fifth grade based on Dewey’s problem-solving model. The general approach of textbook for problem solving process was performed by using William Romei technique, and two checklists were used with 87.5% reliability to investigate stages and necessary skills in lessons. The results showed that stages and skills of problem solving have not been considered sufficiently in the science textbook. Only three out of eleven lessons of the textbook have conformity with problem solving stages in the framework of content presentation and its activities in the field of organizing the content-based problem solving stages of Dewey. Therefore, organizing the content structure of the textbook did not provide the opportunity for teaching in problem solving method. In the field of necessary problem solving skills, have not been uniformly applied in the textbook and the essential skills were categorized in ten different types. They were including observational skills, classification, measurement, tools application, information gathering, hypothesis and prediction, discussion on the results and findings, selection of variables, communication, evaluation and the design of research. Considerable differences were observed in their frequencies and the differences included the frequency spectrum of 0 to 37. Meanwhile, the most attention was paid to the skills of interpretation, inference and conclusion and the least attention was paid to variables of recognition and assessment skills. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Pragmatism and Politics: A Study and Critical Review of Pragmatism in the Sphere of Government and Politics
  Alireza SabzianMosiabadi Shuaib Bahman
  Pragmatism as a philosophical theory and an approach is almost a new viewpoint which became popular in late nineteenth or early twentieth century in the United States. Pragmatism is based on this fact that each theory or doctrine is to be judged on the basis of the resu More

  Pragmatism as a philosophical theory and an approach is almost a new viewpoint which became popular in late nineteenth or early twentieth century in the United States. Pragmatism is based on this fact that each theory or doctrine is to be judged on the basis of the result which is derived from it. According to pragmatists if an idea leads to an efficient and useful result for man then it should be considered as real and useful. In fact the reality is not something absolute which exist apart and independent from man. Pragmatism like other philosophies has deep connection with politics and political affairs. The present article initially examines the philosophy and approach of pragmatism and then connection of pragmatism with politics in theory and practice is critically discussed. The finding of the article shows that although in certain cases a pragmatic outlook is necessary but it is not sufficient because excessive use of this method leads to certain problems. These problems are: non-adherence to ethics, instrumentalism, lack of attention to political and social ideals and preferring interests to values and principles. Manuscript profile
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  3 - A Comparative Study of the Structure of Cognition in Descartes and John Dewey’s Philosophy
  Seyed saber Seyedi fazlollahi Mohammad Akvan
  In his philosophical structure, Descartes intended to organize, on the basis of mathematics, an efficient method of certainty for research and philosophy. The Mathesis is a body of universal and necessary truths of order and connection between ideas. According to Descar More

  In his philosophical structure, Descartes intended to organize, on the basis of mathematics, an efficient method of certainty for research and philosophy. The Mathesis is a body of universal and necessary truths of order and connection between ideas. According to Descartes' epistemology, man has become a researcher and discoverer who must discover himself. For Descartes, certain knowledge is possible, and in his structural cognitive style, action is a function of the form, while Dewey's cognitive style is a function in which form is a function of action and behavior. Examining the consequences of Darwinian views of the world, Dewey rejects Descartes' view: The question of the possibility of human knowledge has been fundamentally wrong. Dewey, by looking again at the absolute, the unconditional, and the certain, in philosophy, sees it only as a means to use if it results in success. Philosophy is not merely a mental organization of eternal and absolute truth, but a technology, method, and technique to be a means for social reform, regulation, and improvement of human and societal behavior. Manuscript profile