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      • Open Access Article

        1 - Designing a standard instrument for measuring spirituality in IRAN civil service
        Gholamreza memarzade Tehran Mehdi sanei
        Spirituality is a very widespread concept that everyone with personalbeliefs and values has a different interpretation from others. Some believethat spirituality has rooted in religion, but others believe that spiritualityhas no relation with formal religion and is very More
        Spirituality is a very widespread concept that everyone with personalbeliefs and values has a different interpretation from others. Some believethat spirituality has rooted in religion, but others believe that spiritualityhas no relation with formal religion and is very widespread than it. Thisproblem overshadowed the measure of spirituality and is added theproblems of measuring spirituality. However, spirituality management inthe workplaces in the first place requires having operational definition andstandard tool for measuring it. With respect to Highlighting the role ofspirituality in the success and failure of organizations in recent years andemphasizes of country top managers to strengthen spirituality in publicworkplace, in this paper, the important works that has been done formeasuring spirituality and its problems faced has been reviewed, and willtry to providing a standard tool based on country religious and culturalvalues for measuring spirituality in public organizational contexts. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Spiritual Leadership Diamond In Iran Civil Service
        gholam reza memarzadeh mehdi sanei
        Success or failure of organizations largely depends on the quality of their leadership. In order to achieve organizational goals, leaders utilize certain techniques and features, some of which have unique characteristics while others display special behaviors. The succe More
        Success or failure of organizations largely depends on the quality of their leadership. In order to achieve organizational goals, leaders utilize certain techniques and features, some of which have unique characteristics while others display special behaviors. The success of some techniques and features depends on their followers. In recent years, new approaches of leadership have been introduced including transformational leadership, servant leadership, and charismatic attributes. Among the new approaches to leadership, spiritual leadership has gained particular significance. In this article, the concepts and dimensions of spiritual leadership are reviewed and characteristics of spiritual leaders in Iran civil service from the experts’ perspective are examined. At the end, using exploratory factor analysis, characteristics of spiritual leaders in Iran civil service have been reduced and grouped into five classes. These classes are: respect to organization benefits, respect to employee benefits, respect to society benefits, individual characteristics, and respect to self. The sum of these characteristics will form the spiritual leadership diamond. Manuscript profile