List of Articles Eastern Iran

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  1 - Distribution and geochemical variations among paleogene volcanic rocks from the north-central Lut block, eastern Iran
  Saeed Saadat Charles Stern
  The Lut block in eastern Iran is a micro-continental block within the convergent orogen between the Arabian, Eurasian and Indian plates. Large areas of the north-central, eastern, and western Lut block are covered by volcanic rocks of Paleogene, Neogene and Quaternary a More

  The Lut block in eastern Iran is a micro-continental block within the convergent orogen between the Arabian, Eurasian and Indian plates. Large areas of the north-central, eastern, and western Lut block are covered by volcanic rocks of Paleogene, Neogene and Quaternary age.  Peak volcanic activity took place in the north-central part of the Lut block during the Eocene, and then dramatically decreased, becoming more restricted to the eastern and western margins of the block during the late Miocene and Quaternary. There is also significant variation in chemistry between the Paleogene igneous rocks from the north-central part compared to the Neogene and Quaternary volcanic rocks from the western and eastern margins of the Lut block. The Neogene and Quaternary olivine basalts, which were erupted along both margins of the Lut block, are similar in trace element chemistry to the average composition of oceanic island basalt. In contrast, the Paleogene volcanic units of the north-central Lut block, which include basalts through rhyolites, follow both calc-alkaline and alkaline trends. Low TiO2 and high Ba/Nb and La/Nb ratios for both Paleogene basalts and andesitic samples from the north-central Lut block suggest affinities, at least for some of these samples, with convergent plate boundary arc magmas. LILE/HFSE ratios, interpreted as an indication of subduction signature, increase to the south-southwest of the central Lut block, where Neotethys oceanic crust was subducted beneath Iran in a northeastern direction from approximately Late Triassic to Late Oligocene time. We suggest that components derived from low angle subduction of this crust during the Mesozoic and early Tertiary were stored in the mantle lithosphere below the north-central Lut block until the Paleogene, when changing subduction geometry, associated with the collision of Arabia with Iran and the closing of Neotethys, caused hot asthenosphere to well up under the Lut block. This created the Eocene peak in volcanic activity, generating basalts from asthenospheric mixed with lithospheric melts, with both alkaline and calc-alkaline affinities. After this volcanism waned, becoming restricted during the Neogene to OIB-type alkaline basalts erupted through deep lithospheric structures along both the western and eastern margins of the Lut block. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Pierced salt domes in the Persian Gulf and in the Zagros mountain ranges in southern Iran and their relationship to hydrocarbon and basement tectonics
  J. Rahnama-Rad G. Farhoudi H. Ghorbani Sh. Habibi Mood R. Derakhshani
  The most enigmatic problems with the nearly 200 salt domes pierced in the Persian Gulf and in the Zagros Mountain Ranges (ZMR) in southern Iran, a unique morphology in the world, have been the matter of this study, which is based on a combination of field work, enhancem More

  The most enigmatic problems with the nearly 200 salt domes pierced in the Persian Gulf and in the Zagros Mountain Ranges (ZMR) in southern Iran, a unique morphology in the world, have been the matter of this study, which is based on a combination of field work, enhancement of satellite and aerial photographs etc. In the ZMR, structural anomalies are frequently associated with similar facies distribution patterns. In the eastern portion of the region, emergent salt plugs of Infra-Cambrian age exhibit the same alignment patterns. Such trends bear no apparent genetic relationship to the Tertiary folding responsible for the present Zagros fold belt, but rather indicate their affinity with linear basement features which are readily observable on Land sat imagery and aerial photographs. Bending of anticlines in the competent cover rock, combined with minor strike-slip faults and horizontal displacements of parts of folded structures, strongly point to the presence of these basement faults. The salt plugs, which have pierced cover rocks of up to 10000 m thick, are distributed on the Arabian Platform along regional basement faults. The area of diapir outcrops is bounded by the Oman Line to the east and by the Kazerun fault to the west. Pieces of the basement have been brought up to the surface on some of the salt domes. The fragments were transported by rotational ascent of the Hormuz Salt Formation to the present and former land surfaces. The recognition of features related to basement tectonics and realization of their implication in the control and modification of geological processes are important adjuncts to the search for hydrocarbon accumulations in this region. To our best knowledge, data of basement faults in the study area are scarce. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine basement faults and their relation to salt dome distribution. Considering the fold axes bending, the trend of the salt plugs and also the distribution of epicenters of the last century, numerous new basement faults are introduced in this paper. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Comparison of methods of seismic hazard assessment, case study: Dasht-e-Bayaz area, E Iran
  Akbar Irannejad Parizi Majid Nemati Vahid Jafari Najme Sifi
  Dasht-e-Bayaz region is one of the most seismically active areas in eastern Iran, which has relatively long and active faults. 1968 and 1979 catastrophic earthquakes (MW>7.0) in this area show that the area has experienced significant damages. Using existing maps inc More

  Dasht-e-Bayaz region is one of the most seismically active areas in eastern Iran, which has relatively long and active faults. 1968 and 1979 catastrophic earthquakes (MW>7.0) in this area show that the area has experienced significant damages. Using existing maps including active faults map and satellite images and Seismological catalog of International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, seismotectonic map was prepared and seismic hazard was investigated using deterministic and probabilistic methods. Also, for AHP method, special questionnaire was designed, which answered with seismologists and the seismic hazard was evaluated using AHP method. The deterministic and probabilistic results show that there is probability of occurrence of an earthquake with magnitude of 7.6 during a 20-year period in Dasht-e-Bayaz and Qaen regions. Also, using the two above methods the highest risk is related to Ferdows thrust fault within the investigated active faults in the Dasht-e Bayaz-Qaen area. Although, the AHP method, which considers hypocentral and epicentral distances of the earthquakes, mechanism of the faults and kind of the bedrock, introduces Dasht-e-Bayaz fault region as a high risk area Manuscript profile
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  4 - Historical Developments in East Iran during the Sassanid Period
  Fereidoun Nahidi Azar Farhang Khademi Nadoushan
  Immigrant people who had rushed to the eastern part of Iran since the time of Achaemenian up to the time of Sassanian and then had dwelt there by passage of time played an important role in politics and economical relationships of this region. In this article, we w More

  Immigrant people who had rushed to the eastern part of Iran since the time of Achaemenian up to the time of Sassanian and then had dwelt there by passage of time played an important role in politics and economical relationships of this region. In this article, we will discuss about the process of invasions of these new-comer people from eastern north borders to the Territory of Sassanid Empire. The main goal of this article is to survey and show the manner of cultural relationship and interaction of Sassanid culture and civilization with these people and capacity of culture acceptance with these cultures and tensions or accomplished developments in this mutual confrontation. Several multi dimensional contacts between Iran and its eastern neighbours in most of the cases had been compressed and foreign cultures had interacted and principally the culture that has deeper origin will have more effects in the culture of its opponent. In this time importance of eastern part of Iran was in the extent that this region had become one of the main obsessions of Sassanians and some agents of Sassanid government in Koshan (Koshan Shah) and Sakestan (Sokan Shah). In the absence of any written resources, archaeological findings reflect required informations. From among the most important of these archaeological findings, are Sassanid coins that to some extent determine the governments' territory. These coins were imitated and sampled by the kings of Gajarat, Koshan and Hons. Hons were highly influenced by Sassanid culture and transferred it to India and paved the way for immigration of Zoroastrian Iranian to this region in the later periods. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Analyzing the spatial changes of the minimum temperature of the eastern basins of Iran and its relationship with Teleconnections patterns of sea surface temperature
  Amir Gandomkar
  Temperature changes are one of the most important issues of human life in recent years and it is known as the most important manifestation of climate change in the current century. The current study was conducted with the aim of investigating the minimum temperature cha More

  Temperature changes are one of the most important issues of human life in recent years and it is known as the most important manifestation of climate change in the current century. The current study was conducted with the aim of investigating the minimum temperature changes in the eastern basins of Iran and its relationship with the sea surface temperature teleconnections patterns. In this regard, the monthly minimum temperature data of Mashhad, Sarakhs, Birjand, Zabol, Zahedan and Saravan stations and the data of 14 teleconnections patterns of sea surface temperature changes during the statistical period of 1987-2019 were used. At first, minimum temperature changes were investigated using new methods of spatial statistics and hot spot analysis. Then, the relationship between the studied variables was checked using Pearson's correlation test and linear regression. The results show that in all months, hot spots were observed in the southern and eastern areas of the basin and cold spots were observed in the northern and western areas of the basin. Hot and cold spots were observed in May more than other months and hot spots covered 31.87% of the study area and cold spots covered 32.58%. Correlation of the studied parameters also showed that in terms of time, the patterns of distant connection with the minimum temperature of January showed more correlation than other months. In contrast, there was no correlation in the months of June and November. Manuscript profile
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  6 - ساختارشناسی چند واژه در شاهنامه: ایرانی شرقی و شمال غربی رقیه کریم زاده نقشینه
  Roghayeh Karimzadeh Naghshineh
  10.30495/ttlt.2023.707868
  فارسی که زبان جنوب غربی است، نه تنها شامل گویش‌های مختلف پارتی و شمال غربی است بلکه از زبان‌های ایرانی شرقی، به‌ویژه از زبان سغدی، وام‌های بسیار گرفته است. وام‌واژه‌هایی که بر اثر تماس و برخورد عمیق اقوام و ملّت‌های مختلف ایجاد می‌شوند، در همه‌ی زبان‌ها، پدیده‌ای عادی ب More

  فارسی که زبان جنوب غربی است، نه تنها شامل گویش‌های مختلف پارتی و شمال غربی است بلکه از زبان‌های ایرانی شرقی، به‌ویژه از زبان سغدی، وام‌های بسیار گرفته است. وام‌واژه‌هایی که بر اثر تماس و برخورد عمیق اقوام و ملّت‌های مختلف ایجاد می‌شوند، در همه‌ی زبان‌ها، پدیده‌ای عادی به شمار می‌روند. وجود واژگان ایرانی شرقی و شمال غربی در زبان فارسی، فقط وابسته به روابط عمیق اقوام سغدی و پارتی نبوده است، بلکه خلق زبان و ادبیّات فراگویشی، از علل اصلی آن به شمار می‌رود.شاهنامه فهرست واژگان اساسی ایران شرقی و شمال شرقی را به یادگار گذاشته است که البتّه بخشی از آن، درطی دوره‌های گوناگون از نظام زبان خارج شده‌اند و فقط در سطح فرهنگ‌های لغات، آثار کتبی و منابع باقی مانده‌اند؛ یعنی، کاربردی بسیار محدود و غیر فعّال دارند. این مقاله، با استفاده از روش درزمانی، هم‌زمانی و تطبیقی به ساختارشناسی واژه‌های زیر پرداخته است:الف- واژه‌های ایرانی شرقی:-Āvāza,- FaƔfūr,‌- Tāl ō māl,‌-‌ SitēƔ,‌-‌ Faž,‌-‌ RāƔ,‌- uƔd,č‌-‌ Zēvar,‌- ĀƔāz, -āƔāz idan, - Butfōz,‌- Sangsār,‌- Rež,‌- žiƔār,‌- kās,‌- yāfa,‌- ĀruƔda,‌‌- PasēIJīdan/. Pasečīdan,- lanIJ‌ و -‌Alfanĵidan.ب- واژه‌های شمال غربی:-Āžīr, -Žāla,- Žerf,- žiyān,‌- Bahr,- Sipihr,‌- Hužīr,‌- Herbod,- Zafar,- Barzan, -Zam,- Burz,- Andarz,- Taham,- Sipenj,‌- Sipāh,‌- yala,‌- yāra,‌- yawa,‌- yazidan. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Impact of Abiotic Environmental Factors on Pistacia vera L. Density in Woody Rangelands: A Case Study in Northeastern Iran
  Alemeh Mazangi Hamid Ejtehadi Mohammad Farzam Omid Mirshamsi Soroor Rahmanian
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