List of Articles Draught

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  1 - Hydro geomorphology of Garou plain water shed (Hormozgan Province)
  Mohammad Ebrahim Afifi Mojtaba Yamani Yaser Hassanzadeh
  The water shed basin of Garou plain is located in Makran Zone. National conditions such as climate and geography have affected the quality and quantity of the regional water resources. Over exploration of water resources as well as recent draughts, have drastically decr More

  The water shed basin of Garou plain is located in Makran Zone. National conditions such as climate and geography have affected the quality and quantity of the regional water resources. Over exploration of water resources as well as recent draughts, have drastically decreased the amount of water in the region. For this reason for most of agriculture is around the banks of Garou village.  The main objective of this study is to explore the basic factor, particularly geomorphologic and human features which are effective on decreasing the quality and quantity of water resources of Garou plains as well as determining the risk of draught and the impact on decreasing drought risk in the region. To achieve the objectives of the project, geomorphologic features of Garou plain water shed basin and impacts on the quality and quantity of geomorphologic water resources. Methodology of this study was based on an analytic and descriptive approach. The instruments used to conduct the study were topographic geological maps as well as statistical data acquired from hydrometric stations in the region. Moreover, direct observations, interview, and data analysis have been used. The result of the study showed that geomorphologic features of the water shed basin of plain, from applied viewpoint, have directly and indirectly affected water resources because of human activities particularly in agricultural stations. Considering managerial perspective, it is necessary to observe geomorphologic principle while exploring the water resources for short and long-term programs. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Hydrological Drought Index Correction Based on Determining the Most Appropriate Probability Distribution
  Maryam Jamal hossein ebrahimi Habib Mousavi Jahromi
  Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) is based on the assumption that the flow data series follows from Gamma distribution. In this study, the efficiency of 65 statistical distributions was evaluated through the use of monthly and annual flow data series of 49 hydrometric stat More

  Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) is based on the assumption that the flow data series follows from Gamma distribution. In this study, the efficiency of 65 statistical distributions was evaluated through the use of monthly and annual flow data series of 49 hydrometric stations. The results show that on the annual scale, Gamma distribution is not the superior distribution. On a monthly scale, this distribution was found only in 1% of all cases examined as the superior distribution. This is while the Wakeby distribution was introduced on an annual basis in about 35 percent of the cases, and on a monthly scale, up to 43 percent of the scenarios were introduced as a top-ranked distribution. Based on the SDI index calculated based on Gamma distribution and Wakeby distribution, in the case of the P-Value of the Gamma distribution is less than 0.3, it is possible to move the drought classes using Wakeby distribution. These conditions were observed in 30% of the examined cases. The highest and the lowest displacements of the hydrological drought classes due to the use of superior distribution were in December and May, respectively. It was found that the highest frequency of displacement of the drought classes resulted from the use of superior distribution occurs in the normal class. Accordingly, it is recommended that the Wakeby distribution be replaced by the gamma distribution in the SDI calculations. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Investigation of meteorological drought Eslamabad-e Gharb using of draught indices
  Rasoul Bagherabadi
  Drought is one of the most important climatic phenomena that is caused by climatic anomalies. Which occurs periodically due to lack of moisture due to reduced rainfall. Drought duration may vary from month to several years. Therefore, by monitoring and evaluating the dr More

  Drought is one of the most important climatic phenomena that is caused by climatic anomalies. Which occurs periodically due to lack of moisture due to reduced rainfall. Drought duration may vary from month to several years. Therefore, by monitoring and evaluating the drought, the damage caused by it can be reduced. Drought is one of the most important and destructive phenomena that in recent years has left many economic and social effects in the city of Islamabad, West. Therefore, in this study, the drought situation of Islamabad West using rainfall data in 30 years (1991 to 2020) using DIP software on an annual basis of drought status based on PNI, SPI, ZSI, CZI was used as a measure to monitor meteorological drought. The results showed that these indicators were consistent with each other, so that based on the above indicators, the results show that in Islamabad West in 1999 and 2014, the most severe drought occurred in the statistical period. In 2005 and 2008, drought occurred with a moderate drought situation. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Economical effects of draughts on rural regions of Shandiz district in decad (1375 – 85 )
  hadi ghanbarzadeh abolfazl behniafar
  This paper shows the economical effects of draught by surveying hydrological and agricultural draughts. Shandiz district with area 337.5 km2 is placed in alluvial fan Binalud (northwest Mashhad) and center of agricultcure and gardener in suburban of Mashhad. Decreasing More

  This paper shows the economical effects of draught by surveying hydrological and agricultural draughts. Shandiz district with area 337.5 km2 is placed in alluvial fan Binalud (northwest Mashhad) and center of agricultcure and gardener in suburban of Mashhad. Decreasing of water supplies and the surface of plantation activities are the results of draught Shandiz district was faced with drought during 1375-85 and due to that event more than 50 percent of the springs in this area were dried, 64.9 percent of the surface of the gardens were reduced and three villages were  abandoned. The main goals of this paper are: Surveying the draught in Shandiz district during 1375-85. Studying economical effects of draughts on rural regions Manuscript profile
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  5 - Effect of irrigation and different Mulch on some vegetative and reproductive characteristics of starch (Zinnia elegans)
  Asiyeh ghattaly رامین بابادائی سامانی
  Zinnia flowers have many usages in landscaping but because of the recent drought the quality and quantity of the flowers have reduced. So, the aim of the current research is to evaluate the effects of different mulches and irrigation intervals on some of the vegetative More

  Zinnia flowers have many usages in landscaping but because of the recent drought the quality and quantity of the flowers have reduced. So, the aim of the current research is to evaluate the effects of different mulches and irrigation intervals on some of the vegetative and reproductive features of the plant (Zinnia Elegans). This experiment was accomplished in the factorial basis and in the form of random block plan in three replications. Factors include three levels of irrigation (3, 5, and 7 days) and four types of mulches (Dark polyethylene, transparent polyethylene, woodchips and mulch less). The thickest diameter of Zinnia related to the usage of woodchips and 3-day irrigation. Using the same mulch and different irrigation (5-day) was not considerably different. The highest Zinnia was seen when the woodchips and 3-day irrigation applied. The lowest height was in the absence of mulches and 5/7-day irrigation. The branches increased mostly when woodchips and 3-day irrigation applied. The usage of polyethylene and 3-day irrigation was not considerably different. The heaviest dry/wet root related to the usage of woodchips and 3-day irrigation. The dry and wet weight of the root reduced considerably in the absence of mulches and 5/7-day irrigation. The heaviest dry and wet shoot flowers using 3-day irrigation was more than other treatments. The most leaf was seen when the woodchips or transparent polyethylene were applied with the 3-day irrigation. The chlorophyll content increased mostly when woodchips was applied with the 7-day irrigation. Manuscript profile