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Open Access Article
1 - Explanation of a Model for sustaining the Role of Bridge as Urban Spaces
Elham NazemiFrom old days, bridges had a role beyond a passage and were considered as public spaces with function of accepting activities. The purpose of this article is to describe a model for studying bridges as an urban space and also studying those types of bridges, which are u MoreFrom old days, bridges had a role beyond a passage and were considered as public spaces with function of accepting activities. The purpose of this article is to describe a model for studying bridges as an urban space and also studying those types of bridges, which are urban spaces. The article seeks the answer for the following research questions focusing on i) which types of the bridges have the qualities to be an urban space, and ii) how to reinforce the role of the bridge as the urban space. Responding to the research questions, we have classified the bridges and introduced the types that have the capability of being an urban space and defined urban space and the factors and indicators affecting it through the descriptive-analytical research method. Data were collected through documentation and survey and information analysis by meta-analysis method, summarization and ANP. The studies carried out in the research indicated that the bridges can be of various uses other than being only a pathway. Therefore, the bridge’s definition and typology will be studied and the elements and criteria affecting the assessment of the urban space quality were introduced. The three characteristics of the bridges were such as pathway to cross the obstacles, and characterized joint through connection between two sides. Thus, a general definition for a bridge can be, “bridge is a structure constructed to cross the physical obstacles and as a joint connects two sides together”. Also, according to the urban development scholars' views, the most prominent components of urban space are physical, functional, semantic, contextual and environmental elements. Subsequently, it can be said that the urban space is a part of the physical space of the cities having a history of being old and active and belongs to the public where social activities are mostly happening. Also, the criteria including visual pleasure ability, diversity of use, public accessibility, physical configuration, richness of sense, sociability, diversity of users, human scale, readability, animation, relation with nature, robustness, environmental control, comfort, safety and health, publicness and proportion with the cultural and historical contexts are, respectively the most applicable of the urban space. Therefore, the role of the bridge as an urban space was reinforced, in addition to their three essential functions, the bridges must possess the criteria of an urban space, too. Therefore, a bridge as an urban space is “a part of the physical space of cities created for crossing the obstacles and connecting two sides together and as a joint has a history of being aged and active and possessed by the public”. Studying the criteria of the urban space regarding the types of the bridges which were more capable of turning into an urban space indicated that the functional factors are more effective in strengthening the bridges’ roles as the urban spaces compared with the other criteria. According to the study constructing bridge-museum, bridge-market and bridge-recreation areas are of the successful samples that can change and reinforce the role of the bridges as an urban space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Assessment and Analysis of the Effectiveness of intra- City Pedestrian passing bridges. (Case study: Tehran)
Hashem Nikoomaram Hoseyn Vazifehdoust Sorush khani A wide use of vehicles in industrial societies caused changes in urbanization systems and urbanization engineers considered vehicles as one of urbanization priorities. After the end of World War II, a new approach, concerning the provision of special More A wide use of vehicles in industrial societies caused changes in urbanization systems and urbanization engineers considered vehicles as one of urbanization priorities. After the end of World War II, a new approach, concerning the provision of special space for pedestrians, was formed and as a result, the pedestrian passing bridge was designed. According to traffic statistics, 38% of Tehran accidents is related to pedestrians' behaviors form which lack of use of pedestrian bridges is the most important. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to survey and assess the effectiveness of intra-city pedestrian bridges. The field survey has been sued for data gathering. The results of data analyses show that different reasons such as lack of suitable site selections, lack of possibility for all citizens to use pedestrian bridges, low width of streets, time taking of use, disturbing factors, etc. can result in declining pedestrian bridges' effectiveness. Based on the study findings, software strategies such as cultural and legal ones and hardware strategies emphasizing on the structural frame of pedestrian bridges, have been suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Study of Tehran Nature Bridge and its impact on urban landscape
Somayeh Nedaei Mohsen KamaliIntroduction & Objective: The urban landscape in Iran, especially in metropolitan areas, like other developing countries, has suffered from diminished modernization, lack of vitality and vitality. Especially because of the variety of new physical barriers, seeing fr MoreIntroduction & Objective: The urban landscape in Iran, especially in metropolitan areas, like other developing countries, has suffered from diminished modernization, lack of vitality and vitality. Especially because of the variety of new physical barriers, seeing from the inside out to the city in this sense which is getting closer to the nature and landscape of the city, has been ignored. Today pedestrians are more likely to be involved with street traffic. One of the effective ways for lesser pedestrians to engage in traffic is to use pedestrian overpass bridges, the most important of which is the reduction of pedestrian interference and pedestrian safety. Therefore, the propos of this research is Identify effective factors in enhancing beauty of the urban landscape through modern instruments and the effect of the nature bridge on the readability and the exploration of the factors that make this structure apparent. Method:Library studies and questionnaires. Findings:The readability and impact of the nature bridge in the urban context and the public view, which is designed using the principles of urban landscape. ConclusionThe results of this research showed that the design of the nature bridge is considerably more urban in terms of urban landscape and readability for passersby is quite tangible and well-known, as well as in terms of the use and performance of one of the successful urban structures. According to the findings, the form and form, as well as factors The effective urban landscape in designing this bridge has been linked with users and its indexation in global societies. Therefore, the design of the bridge in the country is necessary with the criteria and principles of urban landscape design, using successful patterns in this field as well as The use of design and engineering teams to design and sample examples of bridges that meet the principles and criteria Coordinated urban landscape and add value and richness of urban environments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - An Analysis of the Mantle Structure of the Safavid Bridge Span (Case Study: Thirty-Three Bridges, Marnan, Khaju, Joey)
amin mosavat reza babakhaniBackground and Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the design of crater width, crater height and base widths of four poles, Thirty-Three bridges, Khajou, Joey, and Marnan, constructed on the Zayandehrood River, and to explore MoreBackground and Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the design of crater width, crater height and base widths of four poles, Thirty-Three bridges, Khajou, Joey, and Marnan, constructed on the Zayandehrood River, and to explore the relationship between these variables underpins the theory that The form of these bridges is a direct function of their main function.Method: In this study, due to the high volume of data, the research method is based on Python coding and working with artificial intelligence algorithms that, after harvesting the required data and performing various calculations of the files in CSV format, and then considering field harvesting, openings four bridges were simulated in related software using the cosine relation of all openings and plots were plotted.Findings: The findings of this study suggest that there is a high similarity and a close relationship between the width and height of the craters on each bridge with that bridge itself and the three other bridges on the river, and the design of these bridges is less than a century old despite historical differences.Discussion and Conclusion: In conclusion, it should be stated that the more the historical period of the construction of the bridges is focused on the past, the wider the bridges are and according to the drawing diagrams of the openings of each bridge, they have high accuracy in design and construction. The 75-span bridge has a similarity percentage of 70 to 90, which is very similar to the 33 bridges and Khajoo bridge, and the bridge search and thirty-three bridges are the lowest. It can now be said that these bridges are designed based on their performance and according to the standards of that period, construction technology, available materials and suitable for climatic conditions and river water flow calculations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Investigating the potential to improve the efficiency of iran's road bridge management system from the point of view of bridge maintenance experts
ali medghalchi Pooria Rashvand ali delnavaz -
Open Access Article
6 - Comparison Study on Neural Networks in Damage Detection of Steel Truss Bridge
Hassan Aghabarati Mohsen Tabrizizadeh -
Open Access Article
7 - A methodology for Determining the Seismic Vulnerability of Old Concrete Highway Bridges by Using Fragility Curves
Araliya Mosleh jose jara Humberto Varum -
Open Access Article
8 - A Comparison of Different Non-linear Numerical Models for Pier Shaft Interaction Analysis for study of the Seismic Performance of Bridges
Shahriar TavousiTafreshi Amin Ghafooripour Seyed shahrum Jafari -
Open Access Article
9 - Seismic Vulnerability assessment of concrete railway bridge using nonlinear analyses
Araliya Mosleh Hamed Hamidi Ahmad Nicknam José Jara Humberto Varum -
Open Access Article
10 - The Effect of Compressive Strength Reduction of Column Section Expose due to Freezing-Thawing Cycles on the Seismic Performance of Bridges
Saeideh Alsadat Mousavi Mehran Seyed Razzaghi -
Open Access Article
11 - Ranking of precast concrete railway bridges with water management criteria by TOPSIS method
Hossein Farshad Nader Abdoli Yazdi Ehsanollah EshtehardianWater management in rail transport as one of the important and effective parameters plays a major role in increasing the life span of rail structures and subsequently in the economic, industrial and social fields of countries. In this research, it has been tried accordi MoreWater management in rail transport as one of the important and effective parameters plays a major role in increasing the life span of rail structures and subsequently in the economic, industrial and social fields of countries. In this research, it has been tried according to similar experiences from past studies in this field and gathering the opinions of experts in the country, extensive field studies, the use of inspection checklists, statistical information and with the correct understanding of the failures related to water management in concrete bridges and Finally, with the TOPSIS method, according to water engineering standards in bridge maintenance and repairs, it is possible to rank the prefabricated concrete bridges of the General Directorate of Northern Railways of Iran based on water management standards. The results of this research will help employers and managers in charge to be able to properly manage bridges in water engineering, considering the available capital and limited resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Study of Soil Liquefaction Potential in the South of Urmia plain, reviewing the Japanese specifications for highway bridges 1999
Ali Alizadeh Tohid Malekzadeh Dilmaghani -
Open Access Article
13 - Description of the Model of Urban Design Qualities of Social Bridges
Zahra Jamshidian Seyyed Ali Safavi Ehsan RanjbarAbstract As a dominant approach in the literature on urban design, walkable urban spaces are of great importance. So, the concept of "bridge as a social space" which has a valuable place, especially in Iran, can be redefined and used in the development of today's spaces MoreAbstract As a dominant approach in the literature on urban design, walkable urban spaces are of great importance. So, the concept of "bridge as a social space" which has a valuable place, especially in Iran, can be redefined and used in the development of today's spaces. Social bridges have many benefits that can be effective at different levels from the neighborhood to the world in addition to their walkability because they have great potential for creative design and can be used to fulfill goals such as establishing social interactions, creating collective memories, creating identity, and dynamic functioning for cities. This qualitative study was conducted to identify the factors that make urban bridges successful social spaces. For this purpose, after reviewing the theoretical foundations and world experiences, two bridges of Tehran, where urban life flows, were examined. The visitors to these spaces were randomly selected and interviewed in-depth concerning the qualities of the space. The interviews were continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. The collected data were then analyzed by content analysis. The results indicated that the criteria for the qualities of social bridges are based on functional and perceptual components.Keywords: urban design qualities, social bridges, walkable bridges, walkability, Pedestrian promenade. Manuscript profile
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