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      • Open Access Article

        1 - The effect of oil extracted from borago officinalis L. whole plant at flowering stage on some ruminal fermentation parameters of sheep
        Mohsen Kazemi Yaser Eskandari Torbaghan
        Borago officinalis L. is a plant of Boraginaceae family, which is commonly used for medicinal purposes. The oil of this plant is rich in essential compounds, which is likely to cause changes in the ruminal fermentation pattern. Hence, this study was carried out with the More
        Borago officinalis L. is a plant of Boraginaceae family, which is commonly used for medicinal purposes. The oil of this plant is rich in essential compounds, which is likely to cause changes in the ruminal fermentation pattern. Hence, this study was carried out with the aim of extracting the oil of borago officinalis L. after flowering by Soxhlet apparatusand investigating its effect (at four different levels of 0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 mg/ml) on some ruminal fermentation parameters in an in vitro batch culture. The findings indicated that after oil addition, there was no change in gas production parameters (except for constant rate of gas production), microbial mass yield, efficiency of microbial mass synthesis, partitioning factor and protozoal population of the culture medium, but pH was significantly (linear, p < /em>=0.04) decreased compared to the control group, and total volatile fatty acids increased (linear, p < /em>=0.0006) subsequently. Also, methane yield decreased significantly (linear, p < /em>=0.0005) when the level of oil increased in the medium, but in contrast, the degradability of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fiber increased. The overall results showed that the oil extracted from Borago officinalis L. can modify the ruminal fermentation pattern responsible for animal performance and reduce the emission of methane gas. Also, it seems that 0.45 mg/ml of oil produces the maximum effect on the fermentation pattern. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Effect of type and method of application of nano- and chemical fertilizers on seed yield and essential oils of borage (Borago officinalis L.)
        parizad mahmoodi Mehrdad Yarnia Varahram Rashidi Reza Amirnia Alireza Tarinezhad
        A split plot experiment was conducted to investigate the seed and essence yield of borage (Borago officinalis L.) under the influence of type and method of application of nanofertilizers based on a complete random block design with arrangement of split plot-factorial in More
        A split plot experiment was conducted to investigate the seed and essence yield of borage (Borago officinalis L.) under the influence of type and method of application of nanofertilizers based on a complete random block design with arrangement of split plot-factorial in three replications at Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2013. Fertilizers at 11 levels (Iron sulphate, nano-iron %10, Zinc sulphate, nano-zinc %20, urea and nano-urea, sulphate-potash, nano-potash %23, complete micro fertilizer, nano-complete micro-fertilizer, and control) along with different methods of application including (soil application, foliar application, and soil + foliar application) were considered. Results showed that use of urea fertilizer increased dry weight of shoots and plant height compared with the control group. The use of Nano-urea fertilizer could also significantly increased leaf area, harvest index, flower essence and essential oil yield compared to the control. Application of chemical and nanofertilizers of urea and potash had the most increasing effect on shoot dry weight and flower essential oil. Application of nano-urea increased essence production. Considering the desirable effects of nanofertilizers in comparison with chemical fertilizers, the use of nanofertilizers is suggested as an effective step toward sustainable agriculture. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - vEvaluation of the effect of vermicompost and salinity stress on the pigments content and some biochemical characteristics of Borage (Borago Officinalis L.)
        Ahmad Afkari Parvin Farajpour
        In order to investigate the effects of salinity and vermicompost on the antioxidant enzymes activity and photosynthetic pigments of Borage officinalis L., a factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications in 2015. The study More
        In order to investigate the effects of salinity and vermicompost on the antioxidant enzymes activity and photosynthetic pigments of Borage officinalis L., a factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications in 2015. The study treatments consist of four vermicompost levels (0, 5, 10, and 15% wt potted soil in dry weight) and four salinity levels 0 (control), 4, 8, and 12 ds/m sodium chloride. The results of analysis of variance showed a considerable influence of salinity stress and vermicompost on the activity level of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and total chlorophyll enzymes. Other results indicated that with increasing salinity, the activity level of antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic pigments increased and decreased, respectively. Also, use of vermicompost fertilizer raised the levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids significantly compared to the control. Comparison of means of the interactions between salinity stress and vermicompost showed that the maximum antioxidant enzymes activity was obtained in 15 wt % vermicompost treatment at the salinity level of 12 ds/m NaCl. Therefore, the use of vermicompost as an organic fertilizer, in addition to increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic pigments, can be a good way to reduce the negative effects of high levels of sodium and chloride ions in soils on the growth of borage. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Effect of salinity stress on biochemical parameters and growth of borage (Borago officinalis L.) .
        Simin Zahed Chakovari Shekoofeh Enteshari Nemat Qasimov
      • Open Access Article

        5 - Evaluation of the Effect of Salicylic Acid and Biological Fertilizers on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Medicinal Herbs Borago officinalis L.
        abolfazl lolaei Ali Khalili Behzad kaviani
        An increasing approach to the use of medicinal herbs globally highlights the importance of cultivating these plants. In this regard, the effect of organic and acidic fertilizers on Morphological and Physiological characteristics and other properties of Borago officinali More
        An increasing approach to the use of medicinal herbs globally highlights the importance of cultivating these plants. In this regard, the effect of organic and acidic fertilizers on Morphological and Physiological characteristics and other properties of Borago officinalis L., Therefore, a factorial experiment were conducted in the form of randomized complete block design in 2018-2019. The experiment consisted of four sheep manure, cow manure, poultry manure and vermicomposting as the main factor and four levels of salicylic acid at concentrations of 0,10 -2 , 10 -4 10 -6 m as a sub-agent. Plant height, number of lateral branches, fresh and dry weight of plant, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b were measured as morphological mean number of flowers per plant as physiological indices. The results of this study showed that application of applied fertilizers significantly increased vegetative and reproductive growth. It also has the greatest impact on fertilizers used in sheep and cattle. The impact of other used fertilizers was also significant. In acid-salt treatment, other levels used increased vegetative and reproductive properties. The highest effect was the level (10 -4) mol / liter. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        6 - Investigation of some traits of medicinal herb (Borago officinalis L.) in treatment of salicylic acid and biological fertilizers
        abolfazl lolaei Ali Khalili Shokoufeh Moshfeghifar
        An increasing approach to the use of medicinal herbs globally highlights the importance of cultivating these plants. In this regard, the effect of organic and acidic fertilizers on Morphological and Physiological characteristics and other properties of Borago officinali More
        An increasing approach to the use of medicinal herbs globally highlights the importance of cultivating these plants. In this regard, the effect of organic and acidic fertilizers on Morphological and Physiological characteristics and other properties of Borago officinalis L., Therefore, a factorial experiment were conducted in the form of randomized complete block design in 2018-2019. The experiment consisted of four sheep manure, cow manure, poultry manure and vermicomposting as the main factor and four levels of salicylic acid at concentrations of 0,10 -2 , 10 -4 10 -6 m as a sub-agent. Leaf areas, leaf number, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b were measured as morphological indices and essential oil percentage, mean number of flowers per plant as physiological indices. The results of this study showed that application of applied fertilizers significantly increased vegetative and reproductive growth. It also has the greatest impact on fertilizers used in sheep and cattle. The impact of other used fertilizers was also significant. In acid-salt treatment, other levels used increased vegetative and reproductive properties. The highest effect was the level (10 -4) mol / liter. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        7 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
        Ali Rahimi
        Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal More
        Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile