Aridity

Open Access Article

1 - Studying the Effect of Climate Change on Drought Conditions and Climate Regions of Iran Using Aridity Index
asghar azizian Marzieh Hosseini

10.30495/wsrcj.2023.71949.11357

Background and Aim: One of the consequences of climate change is the occurrence of extreme events such as drought, which is important to identify, monitor, evaluate, and inform about the occurrence conditions. In this study, the effects of climate change on the drought More

Background and Aim: One of the consequences of climate change is the occurrence of extreme events such as drought, which is important to identify, monitor, evaluate, and inform about the occurrence conditions. In this study, the effects of climate change on the drought situation in the near future (2021-2040), mid-term (2041-2060), and long-term (2061-2080) have been discussed using the Aridity Index estimated by the Copernicus Climate Change Database with the use of GFDL-ESM2M climate model output under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios.Method: In the current research, climate data simulated by the Copernicus database is used to calculate the Aridity Index of different parts in various time horizons. Mann-Kendall's test is applied to investigate the changes of drought indices in different time horizons. Also, the aridity index is used to determine the climatic condition of different parts of Iran in several time periods and its changes are analyzed and investigated.Results: The results illustrate that in the near future and based on the RCP4.5 scenario, the average annual dryness index has an increasing trend in most parts of the country, and these climate changes lead to a change in the climate of some parts of the north of the country from humid to semi-arid and semi-humid, and parts of the center and the southeast become dry to semi-arid. According to the RCP8.5 scenario, there is a downward trend in parts of the east and the center of the country, and an upward trend in parts of West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan, Chaharmahal Bakhtiari, and a part of Kermanshah, and climate change rises the spatial extent of dry climates in the country. Also, in the mid-term and based on the RCP4.5 scenario, a downward trend can be seen in most parts of the country, and climate change will increase the area of dry climate lands in the central and southeastern parts, while according to the RCP8.5 scenario, there is an upward trend in most of the country, and climate change causes a soar in semi-arid and dry climates in parts of the northwest, northeast, and parts of the center and south of the country. Finally, in the long-term and based on the RCP4.5 scenario, the mentioned trends will be almost true and climate change will lead to the expansion of areas with arid and semi-arid climates.Conclusion: The results obtained in the this research showed that the average drought index in the near future, mid-term and long-term according to the RCP4.5 scenario are 0.5, 2.2 and, 2.3%, respectively and according to the RCP8.5 scenario,  2, 4.2 and, 4.1% have risen compared to the primary period, respectively, and it rises by 1.4 percent compared to the base period, and it is a good indication that the reduction in rainfall and the increase in the temperature of the earth's surface will lead to a soaring in the dryness of different parts of the country. In addition to changing the climate of the region, this issue will have irreparable effects on the condition of water resources, agriculture, environment and urbanization. Therefore, in order to reduce the aforementioned effects, it is recommended that managers and officials consider appropriate measures, correspond to each clime region, to control the amount of water consumption in different parts of the country. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Evaluate the sensitivity of ecoregion to desertification in the Lorestan province in the framework of life cycle assessment
Somayeh Heydarnezhad Abolfazl Ranjbar Fordoei Sayed Hojat Mousavi Rohollah Mirzaei

Land degradation and desertification has intensified by the interaction of climatic factors, land use change and human pressure in recent decades. Awareness that desertification is taking place in which ecosystems, the most important step to control and deal with this p More

Land degradation and desertification has intensified by the interaction of climatic factors, land use change and human pressure in recent decades. Awareness that desertification is taking place in which ecosystems, the most important step to control and deal with this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to determine sensitivity to desertification Lorestan province ecoregions using life cycle assessment. For this purpose, the study area was classified into six ecoregions in terms of climate and dominant type of vegetation. Then selected indicators of drought, water erosion and excessive extraction of groundwater as the evaluation criteria. Indicators were prepared using geographic information systems. Finally, combined with variable selection and ecoregion map. Calculation of the characterization factors for each of these factors using geographic information systems, and characterization factors were obtained from the sum of the factors, a total characterization factor. Results indicated that there is the greatest sensitivity 5 ecoregion (dry/Astragalus adscendens Boiss) with characterization factors 1.29 and the lowest sensitivity to desertification 1 ecoregion (dry sub humid/Quercus brantii) with characterization factors 0.29. The results showed that aridity with 2.69 value, is the most effective factors to increasing the sensitivity of the area to desertification. Therefore, should pay attention serious to this problem in planning, managing and Combating desertification. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Evaluate the effect of climate and water criteria on desertification intensity in Abughover plain using IMDPA model
Zahedeh Heidari Haji Karimi Abdolhossein Arami Farzad Azadnia

Desertification is a global phenomenon that is the outcome of natural factors and improper human exploits. Therefore, classification and generation of desertification intensity map, as an efficient tool, plays a significant role in evaluation of the environmental capabi More

Desertification is a global phenomenon that is the outcome of natural factors and improper human exploits. Therefore, classification and generation of desertification intensity map, as an efficient tool, plays a significant role in evaluation of the environmental capabilities, prevention of desertification, and restoration and rehabilitation of degraded areas. The present study aims to evaluate the desertification hazard and determine the effective criteria affecting desertification in Abu-Ghuyer Plain in Ilam Province, using the IMDPA model. To this end, different indices of climate and water criteria were used and a map was generated for each index according to assigned weights, such that the qualitative map of the desired criteria were obtained using the geometric mean of indicators. Then, through integration and determining the geometric mean of layers obtained from criteria and finally classification of the obtained maps, map of the current status of desertification in the studied area was prepared. The obtained results indicated. Also, among the evaluated indices, amount of annual rainfall in climate criterion and the electrical conductivity in water criterion had the highest impact, with weighted averages of 2.24 and 3.04, respectively. Also, the quantitative value of severity of desertification was calculated to be 1.78 for the entire area, which was in the medium class. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Effect of Age and Location Pattern on the Morphometry of Purebred Redhead Barbary Ewes Reared under Arid Climate
S. Megdiche M. Ben Hamouda

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Estimation of Potential Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient of Wheat at Rupandehi District of Nepal
Govinda Bhandari

This study is carried out to estimate the potential evapotranspiration (PET) and crop coefficient (Kc) for Wheat, BL 3235 variety. A lysimeter is installed to estimate PET at the experimental farm of Agricultural Research Center of Bhairahawa, which is located in wester More

This study is carried out to estimate the potential evapotranspiration (PET) and crop coefficient (Kc) for Wheat, BL 3235 variety. A lysimeter is installed to estimate PET at the experimental farm of Agricultural Research Center of Bhairahawa, which is located in western part of Nepal. The Blaney-Criddle formula is used to estimate the Kc for wheat. The estimated values of PET and Kc for wheat at the four crop growth stages (initial, crop development, mid-season/reproductive and late season/maturity) are 3.5 cm, 7.82 cm, 11.3 cm, 1.16 cm and 0.34, 0.67, 0.73, 0.06 respectively. The total value of PET and average value of Kc for Wheat is 23.78 cm and 0.45. Aridity index (AI), the ratio of precipitation to PET, is an important parameter to determine the dryness of a region. The average value of AI at the Wheat growing season (January to April, 2011) in Bhairahawa is 0.39, and is classified as a semiarid region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Estimation of Potential Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient of Maize at Rupandehi District of Nepal
Govinda Bhandari

This study was conducted to determine the potential evapotranspiration (PET) of maize, the crop coefficient (Kc) under full water requirement as well as the cause of decrease in maize yield. It was determined that the seasonal PET of maize is about 486.6 mm. The Kc unde More

This study was conducted to determine the potential evapotranspiration (PET) of maize, the crop coefficient (Kc) under full water requirement as well as the cause of decrease in maize yield. It was determined that the seasonal PET of maize is about 486.6 mm. The Kc under full water supply was found to be: 0.11, 0.35, 1.51 and 0.34 for initial, development, midseason and the late season stages respectively. The study also revealed that maintenance of sufficient moisture need of maize has a significant effect on growth, development and fruiting of the crop. Manuscript profile

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