List of Articles Achaemenids

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  1 - Fire Ritual in Cappadocia
  Şevket Dönmez Farshid Iravani Ghadim
  The land of Cappadocia was one of the Achaemenid satrapies in the 6th century BC. During this period, the religion of Zoroastrianism, as well as the tradition of sanctifying fire, which is one of its symbols, became more popular in Cappadocia than in other regions of An More

  The land of Cappadocia was one of the Achaemenid satrapies in the 6th century BC. During this period, the religion of Zoroastrianism, as well as the tradition of sanctifying fire, which is one of its symbols, became more popular in Cappadocia than in other regions of Anatolia. The prevalence of the fire worship tradition in Cappadocia can have natural causes. One of the most important archaeological evidences for the introduction of the fire sanctity tradition in Cappadocia is a stone fireplace that was found in the mountain region of Arjish (Erciş). The place of discovery of this fireplace is a volcanic territory. On the four sides of the fireplace found in Cappadocia, there is a carved image of a man whose type of clothing and Barsam in his hand indicate him as a Zoroastrian mystic. This fireplace does not have any inscriptions. Therefore, to date and determine its age, it should be compared with similar examples in Iran and other similar engravings. Then it is probably attributed to the end of the 6th century BC and the 5th century BC. The images of Moghan and fireplace and fireplace studied in this article are all archaeological documents and evidences that indicate the existence and prevalence of fire worship and Zoroastrianism in the Late Iron Age in Anatolia. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Analytic View to Symbolic Designs and Religious Symbols in Achaemenid Art
  Iraj Rezaei
  Although many things about Achaemenids’ religion are vague and not clear, the evidences we have at hand show that, like other era in the Middle East, religion and religious traditions have played an important role in people’s life in this era too. As objects More

  Although many things about Achaemenids’ religion are vague and not clear, the evidences we have at hand show that, like other era in the Middle East, religion and religious traditions have played an important role in people’s life in this era too. As objects remained from this period show, lots of Achaemenids’ reliefs were symbolic and undeniably related to religious concepts and believes. On the other hand, since many of these reliefs have been common among other people in Near East and have clearly had a religious theme in pre Achaemenid period, it is supposed that their reappearance in Achaemenid period in a new form is related to their Mazdaism believes. The most important religious and symbolic reliefs looked at in this paper are: Winged disc, Sun, Moon, Star, Fire altar and Barsam. Manuscript profile
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  3 - The induction of death of Cambyses and Bardia and its impact on how the arrival of Darius the Great
  parviz hosseintalaee seyed mohamad tayebi
  Death of Cambyses and Bardia Achaemenid history is one of the darkest junctures. So, because of the importance of this issue, the main focus of the study period until the death of Cambyses and Darius takes Bardia. In this regard, we have tried to outline the course of h More

  Death of Cambyses and Bardia Achaemenid history is one of the darkest junctures. So, because of the importance of this issue, the main focus of the study period until the death of Cambyses and Darius takes Bardia. In this regard, we have tried to outline the course of historical events, this time limit should be according to the original sources, Then to analyze data and historical sources of information about the mystery death of Cambyses and Bardia also be addressed murder. As a result of what has been presented in the final section, refers to this issue which is not only based Bardia conspiracy led by Darius seven family is exhausted, But according to the information available resources, can not be considered accidental death of Cambyses's because Cambyses and Bardia policy was based on consolidating his power against the aristocracy. So great nobility and the family did not want to, loss of privileges, so it reacted to the murder of Cyrus king of the branches were. Manuscript profile
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  4 - The induction of death of Cambyses and Bardia and its impact on how the arrival of Darius the Great
  parziz hosien mohamad tayebi
  Death of Cambyses and Bardia Achaemenid history is one of the darkest junctures. So, because of the importance of this issue, the main focus of the study period until the death of Cambyses and Darius takes Bardia. In this regard, we have tried to outline the course of h More

  Death of Cambyses and Bardia Achaemenid history is one of the darkest junctures. So, because of the importance of this issue, the main focus of the study period until the death of Cambyses and Darius takes Bardia. In this regard, we have tried to outline the course of historical events, this time limit should be according to the original sources, Then to analyze data and historical sources of information about the mystery death of Cambyses and Bardia also be addressed murder. As a result of what has been presented in the final section, refers to this issue which is not only based Bardia conspiracy led by Darius seven family is exhausted, But according to the information available resources, can not be considered accidental death of Cambyses''''s because Cambyses and Bardia policy was based on consolidating his power against the aristocracy. So great nobility and the family did not want to, loss of privileges, so it reacted to the murder of Cyrus king of the branches were. Manuscript profile
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  5 - The role of the king in the structure of the Achaemenid court
  zhamak khademi naser jadidi ahmad kamranifar
  The structure of the court and the political organization that ruled the vast territory under Achaemenid rule were of great importance in the continuation of this rule. The Achaemenid court with a structure including: mother king, queen and crown prince, princes, heads More

  The structure of the court and the political organization that ruled the vast territory under Achaemenid rule were of great importance in the continuation of this rule. The Achaemenid court with a structure including: mother king, queen and crown prince, princes, heads of families, eunuchs, a position similar to the great minister - the spy system (known as the corners and eyes of the king) and ... in all political developments of this dynasty Was involved. One of the important issues in examining this structure is the role of the king in this organization. It seems that the Achaemenids in influencing the organization and structure of the court in their Achaemenid Empire were influenced by the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, especially Assyria and Babylon. In addition to the Assyrian civilization, the ancient Median and Elamite governments also provided suitable models for the rulers of this dynasty. It was and the power of the Shah was absolute and unlimited and the Shah was a symbol of the full ownership of the Iranian society and the owner of all the property and wealth of the people. What is certain is that the study of this structure will provide valuable information about the role of the Shah in the pyramid of political power of the Achaemenid court to historians. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Analysis of Achaemenid agricultural economic policy in Babylon
  Anahita Amani Yeganegi Ahmad Kamranifar Feizollah Boushasb Gousheh
  With the conquest of Babylon,Cyrus and the Achaemenid court became acquainted with the structures of Babylonian and Mesopotamian agricultural economics.On the one hand,this structure was based on the rich temples of Babylon,which in addition to the vast agricultural lan More

  With the conquest of Babylon,Cyrus and the Achaemenid court became acquainted with the structures of Babylonian and Mesopotamian agricultural economics.On the one hand,this structure was based on the rich temples of Babylon,which in addition to the vast agricultural lands belonging to the temples,played an important role in the economy and agriculture of Babylon by providing loans and agricultural inputs to small and large Babylonian farmers.In addition, wealthy Babylonian families competed with the temples of Babylon by setting up private agricultural credit enterprises and lending seeds,cattle,and land.Despite the abundance of wealth and facilities of the temples of Babylon,but with the Achaemenid domination of Babylon,the role and economic power of the temples of Babylon was greatly reduced and instead the role and economic power of the agricultural enterprises of Babylon,especially Egibi and Murašu were greatly increased.But this process eventually stopped and the activities of these enterprises were abruptly ended at the beginning of Xerxes'reign.In this research,the causes of these issues and the policies of the Achaemenids in this regard are analyzed and also the results of these policies are analyzed.The results of this study indicate that the Achaemenids deliberately implemented such a policy in order to consolidate their dominance and the foundations of their authority in Babylon.There is also evidence of the failure of this Achaemenid policy in Babylon and its impact on the unrest and revolts of Babylon in the time of Xerxes.This article has been prepared based on the available evidence of the library and historical and analytical research methods. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Achaemenids in Shahname And National Traditions
  amin babadi Arezoo Rasouli
  AbstractSince there is no trace of Achaemenids in Shahnameh and Khodaynameh in the Sasanid era and since the beginnings of the studies on Sasanid dynasty the discussion revolved around whether Sasanian had any knowledge of Achaemenids or not.  Certain figures such More

  AbstractSince there is no trace of Achaemenids in Shahnameh and Khodaynameh in the Sasanid era and since the beginnings of the studies on Sasanid dynasty the discussion revolved around whether Sasanian had any knowledge of Achaemenids or not.  Certain figures such as Noldeke, Memzan, and Yarshater denied this awareness and certain others such as Fry, Shahbazi, and Zarrinkoub persisted upon this knowledge.  Some like Daryaei, taking a more moderate approach, believe that Sasanian had consciously ignored Achaemanids memorial so that they could trace their genealogy to Kianis who were an ancient dynasty in the east Iran.  Certain evidence and documents show that the earliest Sasanians were definitely aware of the existence of Achaemenids and related themselves to them, however the later Sasanids by deliberate distortion of history and by transforming characters have changed the Achaemenid portraits due to their own taste to achieve their political and religious purposes.  Nevertheless, Achaemeinds new image and identity remained in the Sasanid historiography and found their way to Islamic era.   Deliberate distortions made in history of Iran by Sasanids are proved today, and upon studying the evidence one can discover the extent and the reason for this manipulation.  The purpose of this article is to prove the existence of outstanding figures in Achaemenids dynasty namely, Cyrus and Darius in the new Sasanid-Islamic historiography, and also to detect records that approve Achaemenids’ existence within the Sasanid sources.  This requires a thorough research into the thought processes of Sasanids during their reign upon adopting an apprehensive approach.   Manuscript profile