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      • Open Access Article

        1 - GARSHASP AND HERACLES, A DISCUSSION IN COMPARATIVE MYTHOLOGY
        Mahdokht Pour khalleghi Chatrud Hamid Tabasi
        The national mythology of any nation is the story of heavenly destiny of super humans and kings and heroes which are formed in the creative minds of peopleand have gradually provided the ground forepic basics of the culture and literature of those nations More
        The national mythology of any nation is the story of heavenly destiny of super humans and kings and heroes which are formed in the creative minds of peopleand have gradually provided the ground forepic basics of the culture and literature of those nations. Most of these mythological stories are archetypes which could be found in as repeated themes and characters in the mythology of other nations. The present article studies the similarities of Garshasp and Heraclesand their actions and characteristics such as fighting against devilish birds and immortality are studiedwhile the necessity of such comparisons between Iranian and Greek mythology is highlighted.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The role of Qazvin geography between Iran and the subcontinent (Literary texts - Persian history)
        Nasrallah Pourmohammadi Amlishi Maryam Ghafouriyan
        Qazvin has been a city of dignitaries throughout post-Islamic history. Until the time of the Timurid and Ilkhans, this city and its subordinate areas were a refuge for political fugitives and religious defendants. The geographical location of the city caused it to be no More
        Qazvin has been a city of dignitaries throughout post-Islamic history. Until the time of the Timurid and Ilkhans, this city and its subordinate areas were a refuge for political fugitives and religious defendants. The geographical location of the city caused it to be noticed by Shah Ismail (Ismail I) and Shah Tahmasb (Tahmasb I) from the beginning of the Safavid rule. Shah Tahmasb chose it as his capital for various reasons. Given that the cultural-economic dimension of any city is subject to its political centrality, so the concentration of government and political power in Qazvin was very influential on the conditions of this city. After the transfer of the capital to Isfahan, the economic capability of the city declined. But it still retained its political and cultural role. However, due to the presence of religious scholars, poets, writers and officials of Qazvin, it played a key role in cultural-political and economic relations with foreign countries, especially the subcontinent, and also attracted dignitaries from other cities. At the same time, factors such as the formalization of Shiism religion, religious pressure (prejudice) and political power of this region, have been the most important reasons and the basis of cultural-political relations between Iran and foreign governments, especially the subcontinent in this era. Also, due to the spirit of religious tolerance of the Indian court towards the immigrants, each of them became an intellectual and cultural circle between Iran and the Land of India. On the other hand, the close relations and interactions between the lands of Iran and India throughout history are another proof of this claim; especially since the Persian language and literature during the time of the Timurid and Mongol of Iran and India had such a movement and authority that all reports and correspondence of the Indian government had to be written in Persian alongside the native language of India and Indian poets of the Timurid era in India were often bilingual. This encouraged the natives of the subcontinent to learn Persian, and according to historical evidence, Persian words in most of these places became synonymous with the native Indian words. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - The signification and its allegorical effects in literary texts
        Askari Ebrahimi Jouibari
        The person in his surroundings deals with the names of people, places, animals, plants, objects, etc. The reason for naming many of these names is on him. One of the issues that engages the curious minds of men is to find The true connection between the name and the wor More
        The person in his surroundings deals with the names of people, places, animals, plants, objects, etc. The reason for naming many of these names is on him. One of the issues that engages the curious minds of men is to find The true connection between the name and the word from which it is interpreted as a sign The signification of literary texts reflects a great deal and can be examined in various aspects, including allegory. Undoubtedly, allegory, as a powerful and influential tool, has always led to the creation of fantasy and riches in the literary and especially mystical texts, and the works of art that are worthwhile and exquisite.In this article, the author is expanding the arts and creativity of poets and writers of Persian literature using the instrument of signification in developing parables and symbols. Roman","serif"'>In this article, the author is expanding the arts and creativity of poets and writers of Persian literature using the instrument of signification in developing parables and symbols. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Role of Rhetoric in Translation (With emphasis on Persian and Arabic)
        Mohamad Hasaan Taghieh
        A successful interpreter not only of a valve and the source language to the target language translation of the text Sahtar. The implementation and application of the rules of grammar and lexical transfers alone can not be the criterion and basis. Because of other factor More
        A successful interpreter not only of a valve and the source language to the target language translation of the text Sahtar. The implementation and application of the rules of grammar and lexical transfers alone can not be the criterion and basis. Because of other factors plays out within the text should not be ignored in translation. So well we can not translate well and methodically built on a foundation But the structure of the various factors that combine to form the framework and structure of the translation. Translator in the Ylaghy a few literary figures of concepts and imagery figure faces. The transition point in the translation process and framework of rhetoric more difficult than other structures. Translator though high ability in the creation of translation, the target language is quite unique, but the audience would not be able to provide the literary world for his original audience. Of course, this means abandoning the art of literary translation is not pulling out and had taken action. But should the interpreter try to reduce the gap between the two languages and the important audience it can be done. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - بازتاب روحی و روانی بلایای طبیعی در متون ادبی قرن چهارم تا هشتم هجری
        مریم بلوری نوری مختاری
      • Open Access Article

        6 - The mythology of romance "Khosrow and Shirin" in contemporary literary and artistic texts
        Marzieh Golabgir Esfahani Zahra Fanaei
        Mythological narratives and myths of names are influenced by the semantic pools in which they develop over time. Hence, a text has different meanings in different periods. Literary-artistic texts are better known and more appropriately decoded in the context of their fo More
        Mythological narratives and myths of names are influenced by the semantic pools in which they develop over time. Hence, a text has different meanings in different periods. Literary-artistic texts are better known and more appropriately decoded in the context of their formation; This leads to a more complete understanding of the pattern governing the culture of each period. Khosrow and Shirin's romance has always been considered in different periods of Iran up to the contemporary period; It has been studied by many painters, poets and writers and is one of the most widely used myths in literary and artistic texts. The present study aims to identify the impact of contemporary factors; The time, culture of the society and the type of the creator's attitude towards presenting the narrative deal with the intertextual study and myth-mining of this narrative in different texts of the contemporary period. This research descriptively-analytically seeks the factors influencing contemporary works and how the artist uses them to answer the question: "Has he created sub-narratives?" The results show that developments, events, communications and changes in society have directly affected the creative thinking and have caused new sub-narratives in the romantic presentation of Khosrow and Shirin in contemporary Iranian art works. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        7 - مطالعه ی تطبیقی از جابجایی درترجمه های انگلیسی گلستان سعدی: مطالعه موردی ترجمه تکستون و ریهاتسک
        Niloofar Nakisaei Azadeh Nemati Samad Mirza Suzani
        این مطالعه با هدف بررسی جابجایی در ترجمه های انگلیسی گلستان سعدی انجام شد. به این منظور از طرح روشهای مختلط استفاده شد. مطالب این پژوهش شامل 20 شعر و 20 نثر از گلستان سعدی به همراه ترجمه‌های انگلیسی آنها توسط تکستون (2008) و ریهاتسک (2010) بود. برای جمع آوری داده ها ، ا More
        این مطالعه با هدف بررسی جابجایی در ترجمه های انگلیسی گلستان سعدی انجام شد. به این منظور از طرح روشهای مختلط استفاده شد. مطالب این پژوهش شامل 20 شعر و 20 نثر از گلستان سعدی به همراه ترجمه‌های انگلیسی آنها توسط تکستون (2008) و ریهاتسک (2010) بود. برای جمع آوری داده ها ، ابتدا محقق و یک مترجم باتجربه ترجمه ها را به دقت مورد بررسی قرار دادند تا موارد جابجایی را شناسایی کنند. سپس، موارد شناسایی شده جابجایی بر اساس چارچوب ویتلسی (2012) طبقه بندی شدند. در مرحله بعد، فراوانی و درصد انواع مختلف جابجایی محاسبه شد. سرانجام ، آزمونخی دوبرای بررسی تفاوت بین این دو ترجمه از نظر جابجایی شکل و محتوا انجام شد .نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها به ترتیب 10 و 14 مورد جابجایی شکل در ترجمه هایریهاتسک وتکستونرا نشان داد. جابجایی محتوا، 30 مورد در ترجمه ریهاتسکو 26 مورد در ترجمه تکستوننیز صورت گرفته است. تکستون شکل را بیشتر از محتوا و ریهاتسک محتوا را بیشتر از شکل در ترجمه انگلیسی گلستان سعدی جابجا کرده است. دو ترجمه از لحاظ جابجایی شکل و محتوا با یکدیگر تفاوت معناداری نداشتند. Manuscript profile