List of Articles مادیان

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  1 - Social rights of slaves in the Book of A Thousand Judgement
  zahra hisseini
  The Book of A Thousand Judgement ( Mādayān ī hazār dādestān) is the main source of information of the Sassanid period, which also provides valuable material on the legal and social status of salves. The laws of this book shows that this collection was written for lawyer More

  The Book of A Thousand Judgement ( Mādayān ī hazār dādestān) is the main source of information of the Sassanid period, which also provides valuable material on the legal and social status of salves. The laws of this book shows that this collection was written for lawyers, because don't provide no explanation for legel terms.But book provide important and unique information from civil society of Sassanid era. The main purpose of this article, review the sentences of slavery in the Book of A Thousand Judgement has been based on the analytical - historical method; The questions is this article: Has slavery been pre-Islamic in Iran? What are the laws for the slaves in this book of law? By examining the existing sentences, we found that slavery had existed in the Sassanid period in Iran; The issuance of sentences for legal matters of slaves expresses the protection and recognition of slave and slavery. Legislators have necessity the rights of slaves and the support of the slave is the duty of every slavery. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Securing the Family Livelihood in the ‘Ten Sentences of Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān’
  zahra hisseini
  In the The Book of A Thousand Judgement, a valuable book survived from the time of Sassanid, so many legal terms can be found that expose the Social and cultural situation of the said era, but the importance and attraction of the family related laws in the book cannot b More

  In the The Book of A Thousand Judgement, a valuable book survived from the time of Sassanid, so many legal terms can be found that expose the Social and cultural situation of the said era, but the importance and attraction of the family related laws in the book cannot be denied. This article examines the legal term of "xwarišn ud dārišn: maintenance, contribution and support" or "xwarišn ud wastarag, securing the food and clothing" in the ten sentences of the Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān. Some questions on the subject will be raised to see which individuals were included in the Sassanid Civil Law of xwarišn ud dārišn or xwarišn ud wastarag(maintenance) and how was the situation of the illegitimate and non-illegitimate guardians of children. Based on the legal sentencesof the Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān, we find out that support of the law for safeguarding the family and respecting its bounds are explained, but the legislator with a heroic point of view is wisely managing the events and rough conditions of the society.This article is composed in a theoretic spirit and in a historical analistic method of writing with the aim of explanation of legal function of maintenance and individuals under the guardianship in the civil society of the Sassanid era. Along with interpretation of the legal term of xwarišn ud dārišn or xwarišn ud wastarag, we will find out about its social and cultural function in making family in the Sassanid era. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Examining the sentences of paying the debt of the deceased (tōzišn) and debt settlement (pēš-tōzišnīh) in Sassanid times from the Mādayān ī hazār dādestestān
  zahra hisseini
  Mādayān ī hazār dādestestān or Book of a Thousand Judgment is the only manuscript of the imperfect from the legal collection of the Sassanid period. This article is studying a legal term tōzišn means paying the debt and paying the debt of the deceased and compena More

  Mādayān ī hazār dādestestān or Book of a Thousand Judgment is the only manuscript of the imperfect from the legal collection of the Sassanid period. This article is studying a legal term tōzišn means paying the debt and paying the debt of the deceased and compenasting of the warranter and pēš-tōzišnīh the meaning of repayment and how the debtor's debt is settled and its purpose is to explain the legal rules to pay of the debt of the deceased and how to settle the debt in the civil society of the Sassanid period. For this purpose, a question arises: What did the legislators envisage in the issuance of Judgments tōzišn and pēš-tōzišnīh to pay the debt and settle it? Based on the existing laws, we find that, Legislators with awareness predicted possible disputes of survivors in the death of the deceased and the debtor's possible evasion of payment and even the debtor's financial poverty and issued rulings for pay the debt of the debtor and pay the debt of the deceased, duties of survivors, the debtor and guarantor are know; and disagreement is eliminated between the family and the legal creditor and by adopting legal solutions, does not exist way to avoid fulfilling the obligations. This article is theoretical and has been done with historical-analytical method. While interpreting the legal term tōzišn and pēš-tōzišnīh, we find its social function in the Sassanid period. Given the lack of documented research in this area, the need to address it is obvious. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Radān duties in the Sassanid period from the Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān
  zahra hisseini
  10.30495/hstr.2023.1977347.1825
  Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān is only imperfect manuscript from the legal collection of the Sassanid period. In this book, in addition to legislators and legal commentators, Zoroastrian religious authorities such as Mowbedān, Hērbedān, Dastwarān and Radān have also appeared More

  Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān is only imperfect manuscript from the legal collection of the Sassanid period. In this book, in addition to legislators and legal commentators, Zoroastrian religious authorities such as Mowbedān, Hērbedān, Dastwarān and Radān have also appeared in the role of judges and issued rulings. This article was written with the reference to Mādayān's legal book and with the aim of knowing the position of Radān in the Sassanid era in a historical analytical way.The questions of the article are: According to the book, what were the duties of the Radān in the Sassanid era and what are their rulings? Research showed: These religious men have certain duties in the clerical system of the Sassanid period and as assistants of the king, they tried to elevate the religious government and the country. Radān have competent in recapturing ownership and property tax, purchase and exchange issues, and assessing the value of the fire temple property. Determining taxes and collecting those, and dealing with the government's revenue matters were entrusted to Radān.The auditor calculated and prepared the value and price of movable and immovable property, the entry and exit of assets into the royal treasury, the documents of assignment and embargo, etc. Rad should have reviewed and approved the auditor's report. Radān gained a special position during the Anushirvan period and their seal is given to authentic documents along with the Mowbedān seal, and their duties express their power and influence in religion and government. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Cervical abscess in horse, a case report and its etiology and treatment
  Abolfazl Barzegar Bafrouei Moosa Javdani
  Traditional acupuncture is a growing modality of treatment worldwide. However, various acupuncture-related adverse effects had been reported. The common areas for intramuscular injections (IM) include cervical muscles, gluteal muscles and pectoral muscles. Contaminated More

  Traditional acupuncture is a growing modality of treatment worldwide. However, various acupuncture-related adverse effects had been reported. The common areas for intramuscular injections (IM) include cervical muscles, gluteal muscles and pectoral muscles. Contaminated hypodermic needles can result in abscess formation in injection area. Abscesses in the neck region caused by injection into the neck muscles or by using contaminated needles and resulting in cervical spinal cord damage and motor disturbances. Osteomyelitis of the cervical vertebra and spinal cord compression secondary to an abscess in the neck. Deep neck infections descend to the mediastinum through the retropharyngeal space (71% of cases) or the carotid sheath (21% of cases). Infection spread to the mediastinum is facilitated by gravity and negative intrathoracic pressure during respiration. This article expresses the occurrence of a cervical abscess at a 2- year- old mare, which resulted in good recovery using surgical drainage and lavage, and systemic antibiotics administration. Manuscript profile