Securing the Family Livelihood in the ‘Ten Sentences of Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān’

Subject Areas : Epistemological and methodological researcher of historical research

zahra  hisseini ¹ (Iran, Tehran, University of Applied Science, Culture and Art, Unit 26 Tehran, University professor)

Received: 2019-12-01 Accepted : 2020-06-13 Published : 2019-11-22

Keywords: "Sassanid", "Middle Persian texts", "Mādayān ī Hazār dādestān", "Family rights", "Maintenance",

Abstract :

In the The Book of A Thousand Judgement, a valuable book survived from the time of Sassanid, so many legal terms can be found that expose the Social and cultural situation of the said era, but the importance and attraction of the family related laws in the book cannot be denied. This article examines the legal term of "xwarišn ud dārišn: maintenance, contribution and support" or "xwarišn ud wastarag, securing the food and clothing" in the ten sentences of the Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān. Some questions on the subject will be raised to see which individuals were included in the Sassanid Civil Law of xwarišn ud dārišn or xwarišn ud wastarag(maintenance) and how was the situation of the illegitimate and non-illegitimate guardians of children. Based on the legal sentencesof the Mādayān ī Hazār Dādestān, we find out that support of the law for safeguarding the family and respecting its bounds are explained, but the legislator with a heroic point of view is wisely managing the events and rough conditions of the society.This article is composed in a theoretic spirit and in a historical analistic method of writing with the aim of explanation of legal function of maintenance and individuals under the guardianship in the civil society of the Sassanid era. Along with interpretation of the legal term of xwarišn ud dārišn or xwarišn ud wastarag, we will find out about its social and cultural function in making family in the Sassanid era.