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Open Access Article
1 - Iranian Folklore, Proverbs and Aspiration for Development
Fariba Karami seifollah seifollahi Mehrdad NavabakhshSocial scientists strongly believe that cultural norms and values shape, stimulate, direct, and influence all activities of human societies. This study attempts to provide a sociological analysis of cultural components, in particular the content of the proverbs included MoreSocial scientists strongly believe that cultural norms and values shape, stimulate, direct, and influence all activities of human societies. This study attempts to provide a sociological analysis of cultural components, in particular the content of the proverbs included in Dehkhoda's Amsal va Hekam (Proverbs and Parables) and their role in Iran's underdevelopment. This book was chosen because it is by far the most comprehensive book in this regard with more than fifty thousand proverbs. Through a content analysis of all these proverbs using the qualitative content analysis approach, the researcher concluded that 2510 proverbs were related to development, of which 894 proverbs (35%) conveyed development-consistent concepts and 1616 others (65%) conveyed anti-development concepts. In addition, using the field study method and interviews with 40 people with relatively good knowledge of proverbs, it was shown that 276 proverbs contained development-related concepts, of which 64 proverbs (23%) conveyed development-consistent and 212 others (77%) conveyed anti-development concepts. It was concluded that a considerable number of the proverbs conveyed concepts such as fatalism, a lack of innovativeness, death, misogyny, contentment, and so on. Obviously, such a culture in the community leads to passivity of its members. Given the unquestionable role of cultural factors in human activities and that of cultural components such as proverbs in Iran's underdevelopment process, cultural planners need to pay more attention to these factors and provide appropriate solutions to reduce the negative effects of the development-impeding proverbs as well as other similar cultural components in society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Comparative Mythological Study of “Cows” in Different Nations’ Myths
Seyyed Karim Sajadi Rad sedighe Sajadi RadReligion and mythology of any nation cannot be understood apart from its historical context; and myths are the representative of the cultural background and the beliefs and thoughts of different nations. The relationship between humans and animals, humans and the gods h MoreReligion and mythology of any nation cannot be understood apart from its historical context; and myths are the representative of the cultural background and the beliefs and thoughts of different nations. The relationship between humans and animals, humans and the gods has been of a special importance in mythology and ancient traditions. Among these “cows” have been received more attention due to their characteristics and special features. This article examines the status of cows in mythology and folklore mythology and for their importance in Iran and some other nations, including Egypt, China, Greece, India and ... ; because when a literary work is compared with another one and each of them is evaluated in comparison with the other, they would indicate a deeper meaning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Manifestation of Islamic, Iranian and Azeri Folk Culture in Nezami's Works
Seyyed Mahmoud Reza GheibiResearch on the culture, costumes and traditions of the land of Iran, not only enlightens a lot of dark points of the literature but also is important because of different aspects and reasons.Understanding the folk culture through literary texts also has a lot of advant MoreResearch on the culture, costumes and traditions of the land of Iran, not only enlightens a lot of dark points of the literature but also is important because of different aspects and reasons.Understanding the folk culture through literary texts also has a lot of advantages, some of which are mentioned in this article. The present article is a research on Islamic, Iranian and Azeri folk culture referring to Khamseh Nezami's works including Makhzan al Asriir, Khosro va Shinn, LeW va Majnoon, Haft Peikar and Eskandar Niimeh.Keywords: culture, folk culture, beliefs, costumes and traditions, poetic language, religious beliefs remedial beliefs, astronomical beliefs, social costumes and tratidtions, costumes and traditions of the court, tales, fables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Nicolas Bouvier's own look in the itinerary
Fatemeh Khanmohammadi Elnaz AaliTravel mirror that can reflect the image of social, political, economic, customs and beliefs, behavior and negotiation of various communities living in that vision, It seems clear picture and largely devoid of cynicism and considerate. Including travel, travel "way of t MoreTravel mirror that can reflect the image of social, political, economic, customs and beliefs, behavior and negotiation of various communities living in that vision, It seems clear picture and largely devoid of cynicism and considerate. Including travel, travel "way of the world" by Nicolas Bouvier's is. The Swiss tourist to travel to different lands, a story interesting, honest and accurate of how people's livelihood, status of cities, industries and products, schools, religious customs of the people and the ruling classes that from the perspective of comparative literature very valuable and important; We believe that relying on the itinerary "way of the world" Bouvier's work to study the manifestations of Iranian culture from the perspective of comparative literature at all. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - A forgotten proverb in Haft Peykar and its mythological, folkloric effect
Saeed Karimi Qare babaProverbs represent the cultural wealth of nations. Many proverbs are forgotten and lost during the time and we are never aware of their roots and their formation. This paper addresses a forgotten proverb used in a Haft Peykar couplet. The expression “The old woman MoreProverbs represent the cultural wealth of nations. Many proverbs are forgotten and lost during the time and we are never aware of their roots and their formation. This paper addresses a forgotten proverb used in a Haft Peykar couplet. The expression “The old woman is a wolf” is an expression probably considered as a proverb in Nizami age. This proverb seems to be welcomed in Persian literature from Turkish, Kurdish or Azeri. This study takes a descriptive, qualitative approach to examine the mythological and folkloric effects of this proverb. Comparing an old woman with a wolf is not new in Persian literature. They both represent death and world in culture, and world folklore and they signify snow, witchcraft, sexual drive ad moon. In this paper we have analyzed some overlapping points between old woman and wolf. In literature, wolf is the symbol of trickery and fraud. It seems that the main motivation behind taking an old woman for a wolf is their wide-range wisdom, experience and cunningness. Due to their command on the matrimonial secrets, old women have played significant roles in social relations of the past and they could connect men and women who wanted relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Study of Women’s Place in the Adages and Anecdotes through a Sociological Approach
Reza Forsati Jouybari Mina Nabayi -
Open Access Article
7 - Public culture elementsfunction in Akhavan poetry
maryam sadat Assadi Firuz AbadiIn this paper, the various functions of the Public culture elements function in Akhavan poetry have been investigated. Akhavan is thenationalist poet and he is infatuate country's noble culture. He has used the various folklore forms is ranging from or MoreIn this paper, the various functions of the Public culture elements function in Akhavan poetry have been investigated. Akhavan is thenationalist poet and he is infatuate country's noble culture. He has used the various folklore forms is ranging from oral literature to customs, superstitions and popular beliefs,games and etc., to extensive way , with various forms and unique skills in your songs. The study ofaccurate his poems is explanatory that beyond of the fancy application from this elements in his oratory, the various Folklore forms has found special functions in his poems by poet.the most important of these is include in terms of present time, social and political criticism , advice , influence in the hearts , expand the imagination and to create artistic brevity . . These functions are study to descriptive - analytical methodin this paper Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Gnostic Allegory in Contemporary Folklore Poetry: Based on Froogh Farokhzad’s “one day Ali Said to his Mama”
Leila Galavi Ahmad Reza Keykhayefarzaneh Mostafa Salarifrom the very late, and according to different reasons, poets have preferred to express their views, specifically in Gnosticism, indirectly or even symbolically. One of the methods of indirect expressing of these ideas is using the allegorical tales. In this kind of poe Morefrom the very late, and according to different reasons, poets have preferred to express their views, specifically in Gnosticism, indirectly or even symbolically. One of the methods of indirect expressing of these ideas is using the allegorical tales. In this kind of poetry, which is usually narrative, exploring the initial meaning of the poem is provided to decoding the story. In the late Persian literature the allegorical tales are ample. Yet, in the contemporary poetry they are sometime observed. Also, late allegorical tales are narrated in a very excellent language, while an example of allegorical tale in Farokhzad’s poetry: “one day Ali Said to his Mama” has folklore features. In this survey, a gnostic approach of the poem helps to decode the story. Although the poem is usually read according to a social approach even by the poet herself, based on the results, it has been cleared that it is possible to have a gnostic approach toward it, which is compatible with the poem’s structure and meaning. Ideas like worthlessness of this world, importance of desire, bravery, and gnostic love are concepts which are obtained through the gnostic approach. �لهای عرفانی قدیم با زبان رسمی و فاخر بیان شدهاند، حال آنکه نمونهای از این گونه حکایات، شعر فروغ فرخزاد، «روزی به علی گفت به مادرش» است که دارای ویژگیهای فولکلور است. در این تحقیق خوانشی عرفانی از شعر مذکور ارائه و تلاش شده است تا اثر مزبور بر مبنای چنین نگرشی رمزگشایی شود. بر مبنای یافتههای پژوهش حاضر معلوم شد که به رغم خوانش رایج اجتماعی از شعر مورد نظر و نیز، افشای نیت مؤلف توسط خود او، مبنی بر طرح مسائل اجتماعی در این اثر، میتوان مبتنی بر نظریات هرمنوتیک، خوانشی عرفانی از حکایت تمثیلی شعر مزبور به دست داد که با مؤلفههای ساختاری و محتوایی اثر سازگار باشد. اندیشهها و مفاهیمی همچون بی ارزشی دنیا، اهمیت طلب، شجاعت و عشق عرفانی از جمله مسائلی است که از طریق تأویل خاص در این شعر ملاحظه میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Investigation of the Effects of the Iranian Folk Culture on the Travelogues of the German Heinrich Brugesch
Farshad Eskandari Sharafi Mehdi Sadeghi Darvishi Vahid MobarakFolk culture is a collection of rituals, ceremonies, myths, legends, stories, proverbs, songs, lullabies, riddles, games, entertainment, beliefs and superstitions of a society. Travelogues provide us with extensive and valuable information about the political, social, e MoreFolk culture is a collection of rituals, ceremonies, myths, legends, stories, proverbs, songs, lullabies, riddles, games, entertainment, beliefs and superstitions of a society. Travelogues provide us with extensive and valuable information about the political, social, economic, and cultural aspects of different societies. Therefore, analyzing such writings is very effective in recognizing the manifestations of folk culture in a society. In this study, two travelogues "A Journey to the Court of Sultan Sahebqaran" and "In the Land of the Sun" written by Heinrich Brugesch, who traveled to Iran twice during the reign of Nasser al-Din Shah, were analyzed using descriptive-analytical method and library resources, to re-read the domains of Qajar's Iranian folk culture. The results of the study show that a significant part of these travelogues deals with the elaboration and description of the components of the Iranian folk culture. Description of appearance and character of Iranians, jewelry, hunting, celebrations, Muharram's mourning ritual, marriage and wedding ritual, funeral ritual, eating etiquette, hospitality etiquette, folklore language and literature, folk buildings and places, folk arts and handicrafts, and beliefs and superstitions are the most important elements of the Iranian folk culture, about which Brugesch has written in his travelogues with a sharp and comprehensive prospective. In parts of Bruges's travelogues, the "Western" mentality toward east is seen, comparing the "other" with the "self", and considering the "self" to be superior. Nonetheless, there are many fair judgments in them, distinguishing them from other European travelogues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Local Literature in Mohyi Al-Din Haghshenas's Poetry
Hadi Yousefi Shrare AkbariFolk literature, mass literature of the Iranian people, is the effect of the illiterate people, which in turn is a part of popular knowledge or popular culture and is equivalent to folklore. There are many beliefs and views among each nation, which are the whole mirror MoreFolk literature, mass literature of the Iranian people, is the effect of the illiterate people, which in turn is a part of popular knowledge or popular culture and is equivalent to folklore. There are many beliefs and views among each nation, which are the whole mirror of thought, attitude and interpretation, and their simple and intimate emotions. Many of these beliefs are rooted in the history and culture of a nation that has come from previous generations. Many have been created by the combination and influence of the culture of other peoples. The present paper seeks to examine the emergence and presentation of these thoughts and beliefs in the book of Mohyi Al-Din Al-Hafez (my city, Sanandaj) about various issues. The results show that today, part of these customs such as the night of fireof Nouroz, the night of Yalda, the table of Haft Sin and thirteen Badr, etc. are still common, and some of them include the conventions of inviting the wedding and local indigenous exhibits which have been forgotten, or have been weakened by a combination of culture and other areas. With the understanding of this subject and the possibility of forgetting cultural elements, theologian has rightly begun to recreate it in a simple and intimate language and put it in place for forgetfulness of the forerunners. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - The anthropology of Azerbaijani Games in Shahriar's Poetry
Ayat ShokatiThe rich literature of this land is bound up with history and culture, and local and native games as a part of the culture of the community have interwoven with this valuable literature which has inherited this treasure in the literary genre and it is recorded for their MoreThe rich literature of this land is bound up with history and culture, and local and native games as a part of the culture of the community have interwoven with this valuable literature which has inherited this treasure in the literary genre and it is recorded for their land. On the other hand, popular culture can be the source of great works of art and literature, just as the foundation of the largest and most enduring work of art by Muhammad Hussein Shahriar. He, because of his childhood in the pristine nature of the village of Khshenbab, has placed the local games of Azerbaijan which he had enjoyed as a child in his Turkish poetry. The present article analyzes and reviews 9 games of Azerbaijani play based on the poet's sayings by descriptive-analytical method regarding the library studies and oral research among the people. Accuracy in these exciting games created by the demands of life in nature and tribal culture shows that all of these games are tailored to be simple, group-based according to the culture of the countryside, often following the styles of simple people's lives and being influenced by nature. They did not need any special tools, or their used tools were part of the nature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The image of the Kurdish community in Kurdish lullabies
Rahman Moshtaghmehr Amineh FeiziThe Kurds, like other Iranian tribes, have a rich, gorgeous, and ancient oral literature. Lullabies have a significant share in Kurdish oral literature as part of folk songs. These lullabies, like a mirror, reflect corners of culture, history, and social realities. By r MoreThe Kurds, like other Iranian tribes, have a rich, gorgeous, and ancient oral literature. Lullabies have a significant share in Kurdish oral literature as part of folk songs. These lullabies, like a mirror, reflect corners of culture, history, and social realities. By researching this part of popular culture, many sociological materials such as religious, educational, moral, political, cultural, customs and traditions are obtained, which are in the knowledge of culture and people and familiarity with spirits and attachments. The ethnicity of the Kurds will play an important role. This research aims to examine the image of the Kurdish community and the culture of the Kurdish-speaking people through the Kurdish lullabies collected in the book "Jeanne Jean". Findings suggest that echoes of women's voices, religious beliefs, superstitions, political issues, living conditions and relationships, games, stories and anecdotes and climatic characteristics can be found. He listened to these lullabies and through them became acquainted with one of the oldest Iranian tribes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The Study of Cultural and Geographical Features in Kerman Proverbs
kamal javanmard mahnaz najib zadehThis article "the study of cultural and geographical features in Kerman proverbs" tries to set the theoretical bases of the research on Kerman proverbs considering ethnological theories like: "evolutionism", "diffusionism", "functionalism", "structuralism", "structural MoreThis article "the study of cultural and geographical features in Kerman proverbs" tries to set the theoretical bases of the research on Kerman proverbs considering ethnological theories like: "evolutionism", "diffusionism", "functionalism", "structuralism", "structural linguistic", "Culture and personality", "mythology" and all the gathered data have been analyzed in content through the field of study and the cooperative observation technique around the subject and goals to answer the research questions. In this article, the structural components and the functions of Kerman proverbs have been studied and analyzed from the level of description in ethnography to the level of explanation in ethnology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - An Introduction to the morpheme of approval in Hazaragi dialect in Afghanistan
katauon namiranian zarmineh nahibi fateme keshavarzi somaye moradi rahim forooghiThis article presents a morpheme in Hazaragi dialect in Afghanistan which has very specific features. This morpheme which is just composed of one phoneme, lonely conveys the sense of approval which means yes. It is used by old speakers The reflexive feature of this phon MoreThis article presents a morpheme in Hazaragi dialect in Afghanistan which has very specific features. This morpheme which is just composed of one phoneme, lonely conveys the sense of approval which means yes. It is used by old speakers The reflexive feature of this phoneme, which is very rare in Indo-European languages, is solely reliable. This article, first, presents the Hazaragi region and dialect. Then, it explores the similar sounds in other dialects and languages and it introduces the mentioned morpheme (atof). Then, the conclusion and references will come. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The study and introduction of common songs in Khorzogh city
seyed kazem musavi fateme ghadirzadehThe statement of inner feelings is origin of songs and tones since the past ages which they are called songs. The speakers of these songs are not known. They are originated of wishes, hopes and the requests and passions of people who they live together. These songs resu MoreThe statement of inner feelings is origin of songs and tones since the past ages which they are called songs. The speakers of these songs are not known. They are originated of wishes, hopes and the requests and passions of people who they live together. These songs results from national thoughts and the ideas of ordinary people. The Khorzogh city is one of the cities in Isfahan Province which belongs to pre-Islam history. Some common songs, traditions are available for this area. Some songs composed of with prose which originated of Zoroastrian poetry and dialogs; they are some features of Khorzogh city songs. The article tries to collects some of these songs which are some parts of this city’s culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Popular Culture in the Works of M. A. Bahmani & H. Monzavi
سهراب برگ بیدوندی معصومه عیسی وند The present article studies the works of two Iranian contemporary poets, Mohammad Ali Bahmani and Hosein Monzavi, and tries to examine the role of popular culture in their poems. The present article studies the works of two Iranian contemporary poets, Mohammad Ali Bahmani and Hosein Monzavi, and tries to examine the role of popular culture in their poems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Sociological Analysis of Azarbaijani Folkloric Discourse based on the Story Gachak Nabi and Current Proverbs from the View Point of Critical Way of related Discourse
Rasool Babazadeh Habibollah Zanjani Sayfollah SayfollahiAbstract Having reviewed the formation of Azarbaijani folklore and its communicative background with literary, social, political and cultural problems, we have pointed out to the formation and development of folklore. We've us MoreAbstract Having reviewed the formation of Azarbaijani folklore and its communicative background with literary, social, political and cultural problems, we have pointed out to the formation and development of folklore. We've used the analytical discourse of Laclou and Mouffe and critical theory of analysis of Fair Clough and cultural theory of interpretation of Clifford Geertz as a theoretical and implicational frame for the research. The textual data of the research have been taken from valid folkloric sources of Azarbaijan and the analytic samples have been chosen as purposeful sampling method. The analytical consequences of this research show that Azarbaijani folklore as the oral language of this nation, regarding the social and political atmosphere of its own time, has the different contrastive discourse which ranks its people to use and express their purposes; and acquire their wants together with their criticisms of their social conditions of the time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Fables and tales in European Literature (Victorian Age- 19th Century)
Fereshteh NaseriIn this article attempt is made to point out briefly the following subjects: The impact of Old Persian Literary works such as Thousand and one nights on European Literature Formation and development of a bond between the west and the East, as well as discussing the inf MoreIn this article attempt is made to point out briefly the following subjects: The impact of Old Persian Literary works such as Thousand and one nights on European Literature Formation and development of a bond between the west and the East, as well as discussing the influential factors involved Interchange of cultures, Occidental Literature meets Oriental Literature Introducing great literary figures of the Victorian Age and their works inspired by the Oriental Literature. Manuscript profile
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