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      • Open Access Article

        1 - Investigation of the relationship between diameter growth of Alder species and climatic parameters in Neka-Zalmarud forests of Mazandaran province
        Morteza Habibi Sasan Babaie Kafaki Amir-Hussain Meshkatee Reza Akhavan
        Background and Objective: Obtaining information about the impact of climatic variables on the growth of trees in the long run can be obtained through retrospective analysis of annual tree rings and using the tree chronology method. The aim of this study was to investiga More
        Background and Objective: Obtaining information about the impact of climatic variables on the growth of trees in the long run can be obtained through retrospective analysis of annual tree rings and using the tree chronology method. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of climatic variables on the diameter growth of alder species along an altitude gradient in undisturbed Hyrcanian forests (Neka-Zalmorud forests of Mazandaran province).   Material and Methodology: For this purpose, three altitude regions (low land, middle land and high land) in sample parcels were selected. In each area, 10 trees and totally 30 trees were selected using seleted sampling method. Necessary samples were prepared from using increment borer. 50-year (1965-2014) climatic data of temperature, precipitation and relative humidity were prepared from related sources and the SPI index was calculated.  Findings: The results showed that there is a correlation between acceptable the time series and a strong relationship between growth and climatic variables. There was a significant difference between all three regions and the highest diameter growth was obtained in the middle land. The study of the relationship between climatic variables and the growth also showed that in the low land region, temperature and relative humidity factors have a significant negative correlation (-0.571) and positive (0.734), respectively. The same variables were significant in the middle land area. In high land region, none of the climatic variables showed a significant relationship with growth. Discussion and Conclusion: Growth at low and middle lands has shown more dependence on climate and growth of this species has decreased during the study period. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Effect of Environmental Factors on Iranian Coppice Oak Trees (Case Study: Study of Site Factors on diameter increment)
        Javad Soosani Asghar fallah Khosroo Mohammdalizadeh Hamed Naghavi Naghavi
        Iranian Coppice Oak Forest has been an appropriate of a wide range of middle Zagros regionvegetative. Whereas Iranian oak (Quercus persica) has shown in the wide gamut of different habitatclimate, conjecture that on the limited altitude, habitat, have considerable affec More
        Iranian Coppice Oak Forest has been an appropriate of a wide range of middle Zagros regionvegetative. Whereas Iranian oak (Quercus persica) has shown in the wide gamut of different habitatclimate, conjecture that on the limited altitude, habitat, have considerable affects on diameterincrement in this species. In this study, in order to determining the site affects on diameter increment,three sites were selected on foothill, heights and plain area and in each site 40 coppice were selectedrandomly. One the several rudiment of each coppice, one pillar was selected randomly and cut a diskand scan with loop and caliper on lab. Results showed that the mean of medium diameters increment(on contemporary classes) have been increased by sequential site issue. Thus ANOVA test was doneand result was significant (P= 0.05), Krusk al-Walis Nonparametric test ratifies these results as well.Also comparing percentage of diameter increment at three 5 year period of latest growth has beendone between three sites discretely and result doesn't show any significant difference. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Function Ecology effect aspect geographic on the Cypress (Cupresuss sempervirens L.var horizontalis) growth in the Abas Abad Behshahr planting stand
        Hassan Kalantari Asghar Fallah Seyed Mohammad Hojjati
        Introduction: To evaluate the growth of cypress in different aspects (North West, West, Northeast and Southwest) is a pure planting stand in the area Abbas Abad Behshar was considered. Materials and Methods: Using the inventory network 75 × 100 m and a stratified More
        Introduction: To evaluate the growth of cypress in different aspects (North West, West, Northeast and Southwest) is a pure planting stand in the area Abbas Abad Behshar was considered. Materials and Methods: Using the inventory network 75 × 100 m and a stratified random method, 50 samples plot 2 R (200 square meters) in different geographical aspects was carry out. In each sample plots, diameter trees and height of four trees were measured. Excel and SPSS statistical software and statistic analyse and necessary calculations were performed. Discussion: The results showed that between amplitude with different aspects of growth, there are significant differences, so that the highest diameter increment in the West aspect (0.53 cm) and the lowest in the North East aspect (0.479 cm) were observed. The maximum height growth in the West and South-West aspecs (0.53 m) and the lowest it has been in the northwest aspect (0.49 m) and for average basal area growth, the highest growth in the West aspect (0.87 m square per ha) and lowest in the North west aspect (0.76 square meters per hectare), respectively. The average volume growth to age, respectively, in the aspect of West aspect (4 sylve per ha) and Northeast aspect (6.3 sylve per hectare) were the highest and lowest values. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Evaluation of flooding tolerance in two-year-old seedlings of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)
        ghasem ali Parad Masood Tabari Kochaksaraeai Ali Khodadost Sid Ehsan Sadati Nabi Azizi
        The aim of this study was determining the physiological and morphological responses of two-year-old common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) seedlings to flooding stress. For this purpose, seedlings of common ash were examined in a completely randomized design for 102 days un More
        The aim of this study was determining the physiological and morphological responses of two-year-old common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) seedlings to flooding stress. For this purpose, seedlings of common ash were examined in a completely randomized design for 102 days under continuous flooding, temporary flooding treatment (for 60 and 42 days drainage, respectively) and control. Stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosynthesis rate were progressively decreased by flooding while all seedlings survived at the end of flooding. Also, flooded plants were able to adequately recover their physiological activities. In addition, height, root length, leaf area, and biomass accumulation of seedlings decreased under flooding conditions (particularly in continuous flooding). Diameter growth on the other hand, increased in seedlings subjected to temporary flooding. Overall, the results showed that two-year-old seedlings of F. excelsior had a suitable response to flooding stress until day 60. After 42 days drainage, the physiological characteristics of the seedlings were recovered. Generally, on the basis of the findings in this research, it is expected that F. excelsior can be used for the purpose of restoration of lowlands and wood production in areas subjected to periodic flooding. Manuscript profile