List of Articles رسائل

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  1 - Elements of Culture and Civilization in Works of Ikhwān-al-Ṣafā
  سمانه عسکری سید عباس ذهبی
  The age of Ikhwān-al-Ṣafā, was the age of introduction to andinteraction of different cultures and civilizations with each other.Ikhwān-al-Ṣafā noticed this variety; as that in their mental systemfactors such as variety of climate conditions, difference of naturalresour More

  The age of Ikhwān-al-Ṣafā, was the age of introduction to andinteraction of different cultures and civilizations with each other.Ikhwān-al-Ṣafā noticed this variety; as that in their mental systemfactors such as variety of climate conditions, difference of naturalresources and wealth, method of exploitation of these resources, typeof food, clothing and variety tendencies toward industries, moralvariety of humans – that due to expectorant mater and health, effectsof months and stars, way of education – and also difference of varietyreligions – as a effective factor in social order and relation and moral– and too variety of political system of relative to religions anddifference of languages and words, different tendencies toward musicand finally science; Cause distinction between different societies andcreation of different cultures and civilizations. All of these factors areconnected to each other and affect each other. In the course of theseeffects what is more influential is the religious system. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Mysteries and Secrecies in Suhrawardī’s Works and Attar’s Book of Tragedy
  Zahra Khalil Nia Reza Ashraf Zadeh
  The present research studies symbols of Suhrawardī’s letters in descriptive – comparative method and analyzes the reasons of scarcity in finding the mysteries, similarities and differences with Attar’s Book of Tragedy. Application of mythical, personal More

  The present research studies symbols of Suhrawardī’s letters in descriptive – comparative method and analyzes the reasons of scarcity in finding the mysteries, similarities and differences with Attar’s Book of Tragedy. Application of mythical, personal, innovative and major symbols increase ambiguity in Suhrawardī’s allegories. He offered mystical – philosophical interpretation out pf mythical symbols and his understanding made his words more difficult and decreases his works’ attractiveness by his theosophical viewpoint. On the other hand applying short stories and forgoing scientific, philosophical and cosmological expressions increase understanding his words’ structure as well as attractiveness. The most important difference between Suhrawardī and Attar is their ideology; in Suhrawardī’s works, inside messenger or nous is the leader while in Attar’s Book of Tragedy, Mohammad – the Prophet – aids the wisdom and is the light of guidance. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Beauty and eloquence in Ibn Khaldun and Ibn al-Khatib's Books
  Fatemeh Alinezhad Chamazcoti Saeedeh Mirhaqjoo langaroodi
  Abdol Raḥmān Ibn Khaldūn – Islamic scholar, scientist and historian – whose fame was achieved by a new theory called "civil science" and many scientists all around the world have studied and analyzed it. According to Taha Hussein all political and social pro More

  Abdol Raḥmān Ibn Khaldūn – Islamic scholar, scientist and historian – whose fame was achieved by a new theory called "civil science" and many scientists all around the world have studied and analyzed it. According to Taha Hussein all political and social progresses are derived from literary and intellectual advances. As a result studying Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn al-Khatib's works would manifest objective picture of that era's facts and progresses. The present paper studies and analyzes the abovementioned scientists' letters to each other. In other words the literary beauty of two scientist apparent political, historical, scientific and literary realities. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Style and its Application in Artistic Imagination (Investigation of Imam Ali's Letters :a Case Study)
  Khalil Parvini Eesa Motaghi zadeh Mohammad Kabiri
     The art of imagination as a literary element, containing critical components such as image, emotion, language, reality and etc., is highly emphasized in studying and criticizing a literary script. Imam Ali has remarkably used this literary element to convey More

     The art of imagination as a literary element, containing critical components such as image, emotion, language, reality and etc., is highly emphasized in studying and criticizing a literary script. Imam Ali has remarkably used this literary element to convey religious, ethical and social concepts. Since this literary element is closely related to style and different types of that, thus we tried to study the art of imagination in Imam Ali's letters based on various kinds of styles. This study, which uses descriptive-analytical method, concluds that "style" plays the pivotal role in the expression of literary imaginations in Imam Ali's letters and  in determining the position and success of their application. Manuscript profile
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  6 - The Role of “Experiencer” in the Philosophy of Illumination Based on the Ideational Metafunction; The Case Study: Lughat-i Muran (The language of Termites) and Safir-i Simurgh (The Calling of the Simurgh)
  Abbāsali Vafāie Fereshteh Milādi
  During his/her suluk (spiritual journey) and intuition, a mystic establishes a relationship between himself/herself and nature and God, revealing something beyond reason. It is called "mystical experience". This experience is ambiguity when it comes in the form of langu More

  During his/her suluk (spiritual journey) and intuition, a mystic establishes a relationship between himself/herself and nature and God, revealing something beyond reason. It is called "mystical experience". This experience is ambiguity when it comes in the form of language; in this way, different narrators create different narrations from "a single experience". In mystical texts, on one hand, the author tries to convey her/his thoughts, and on other hand, to "hide the secrets from strangers (na-ahlān)". By using descriptive-analytical method and based on the ideational metafunction, the present article tries to study the role of "experiencer" in the philosophy of illumination (Falsafeh Eshraq). In his treatises, Suhrawardi, as the founder of this school of thought, refers to themes like separation from higher world, spiritual nostalgia, removing barriers to suluk and meeting the old wise man, and focuses on spiritual journey (suluk) to the world of light and releasing from the worldly prison. The findings show that by overcoming the illuminate (Eshraqi) worldview, the relational processes have become mentalistic processes in the verbal sphere. Suhrawardi, first, describes the symbolic concepts with the aim of creating a tangible space, and then, interprets them by creating a space for dialogue. Finally, as the old wise man, he expresses the abstract concepts. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Studying the Argumentation in the Prose Works of Khajoo-e Kermani
  Sadiga setodeh niya Karani Enayatollah Sharifpour Saeed Pour Aminaee
  10.30495/bahar.2022.697992
  Argumentation is one of the literary genres whose birthplace is eastern world and its background is Iran before Islamic era. It has revealed itself in all the periods of Persian literary styles. The more it set step in the next era, the more complete its elements and co More

  Argumentation is one of the literary genres whose birthplace is eastern world and its background is Iran before Islamic era. It has revealed itself in all the periods of Persian literary styles. The more it set step in the next era, the more complete its elements and components became perfect. Khajoo-e Kermani has specified his written works to the literary ones. In this article, his argumentations and letters have been studied and analyzed and their structural and thematical characteristics have been explained. Each of his four prose letters is debate between the main two characters which have been personified in the letter contexts. Therefore, argumentation and distinction are of the major  characteristic style in Khajoo’s prose works which appear in his content, theme and speculations. Through familiarity with them one can be familiar with his tenets and ideas in cultural, philosophical and social matters of community at that time. Manuscript profile