List of Articles داده های پانل

• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  1 - Effectiveness of firms leading mechanisms in order to reduce agenty costs
  هاشم ولی پور علی خرّم
  The relationship between firms leading mechanisms and agency costs in Tehranstock exchange firms was revised in this research. Data was gathered from 51 firmsduring the period of 1380-1387 . for hypothesis testing used panel analysed. Theresults showed that with 95% of More

  The relationship between firms leading mechanisms and agency costs in Tehranstock exchange firms was revised in this research. Data was gathered from 51 firmsduring the period of 1380-1387 . for hypothesis testing used panel analysed. Theresults showed that with 95% of confidance there are negative and significant relationbetween percentag by institutional investors, percentage of shares owned bymanagers, percentage of board members of non author and short – term debt to totaldebt ratio and agency cost. The result of this research did not adopt with the firmsdept ratio by agency costs. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  2 - Impact of Renewable Energies on Green Economy
  Somayeh Daneshvari Parvaneh Salatin Mohammad khalilzadeh
  10.22034/jest.2019.39749.4466
  Background and purpose: As the world's population grows and energy resources are limited, all countries face energy problems. The crises that threaten countries and communities are the lack of non-renewable sources of energy (fossil fuels), as well as the increase of en More

  Background and purpose: As the world's population grows and energy resources are limited, all countries face energy problems. The crises that threaten countries and communities are the lack of non-renewable sources of energy (fossil fuels), as well as the increase of environmental pollution caused by excessive consumption of fossil fuels which shows the necessities and importance of using renewable energy resources. The close link between the economic and environmental issues has raised new approaches to the field of international environmental law, one of the most prominent of which is the green economy, and since one of the main goals of the green economy is reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the use of renewable energy sources is a quick way to achieve a green economy. In this regard, the main objective of this study is to review the comparative effect of renewable energy on green economy in two groups of selected countries that produce and consume renewable energy with high and middle income. Methodology: This study is an applied research and inferential research method. The method and tool for collecting information and statistical resources are written documents, electronic information and taking notes. Findings: The results of model estimation in the selected countries with Fixed Effects Method during the period of 2005-2016 showed that the use of renewable energy has a negative and significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions as an indicator of the green economy in the selected countries. Also, the effect of renewable energy on the green economy in the group of selected middle income countries is higher than that of high-income countries. Other results showed that economic growth and openness had a positive and significant impact, human capital, ICT and rule of law had a negative and significant impact on carbon dioxide emissions as an indicator of green economy in the group of selected countries. Discussion and Conclusion: Renewable energies are clean, abundant and reliable and if properly developed, can play a significant role in achieving sustainable development goals as sustainable sources of energy. The main reason for the emphasis on the use of renewable energies, in addition to helping to solve environmental problems and preventing the loss of fossil fuels, is the conservation of natural resources for future generations, which undoubtedly renewable energy, given their simplicity of technology, plays a significant role in the green economy and sustainable economic development. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  3 - The impact of oil prices on economic growth and nuclear energy
  M.R Mohamad vand nahidi حامد Ali por
  Oil and nuclear energy as a strategic commodity, is closely linked to economic and political relations.Given the degree of development of countries, the sensitivity will be different for nuclear energy in the country.This article uses econometric techniques with panel d More

  Oil and nuclear energy as a strategic commodity, is closely linked to economic and political relations.Given the degree of development of countries, the sensitivity will be different for nuclear energy in the country.This article uses econometric techniques with panel data approach applying the fixed and random effects model analysis of economic growth and oil prices on Nuclear Energy for 28 countries use of nuclear energy for years 2009-1980. The results show that the economic growth positive and oil prices On the contrarynegatively impact on nuclear energy.The consumer countriesofnuclear energy to replace nuclear energy with the displacement of oil, the two are complementary Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  4 - تأثیر پس انداز و آزاد سازی بر توسعه کشورهای عضو اوپک
  سعید منصوریان طبایی سیدمجتبی حسین زاده یوسف آباد بهزاد زمانی کرد شولی
  Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  5 - Factors affecting the exports of agricultural products and explore target markets these products
  هادی Mohamadi فرانک Hemati
  Agricultural section is one of the important sections in economy that in which study of the relationship between export and economic growth is very important. In this survey export demand function of date, apple and pistachio products have been estimated by using panel More

  Agricultural section is one of the important sections in economy that in which study of the relationship between export and economic growth is very important. In this survey export demand function of date, apple and pistachio products have been estimated by using panel data method. Information used is related to 1999-2008 period. And cross sections used in these models are four major commercial partners' countries which have been the importer of these products Iran. Also by using RCA and RSCA indexes comparative advantage of Iran has been estimated. Then by using three indexes -CR, HHI, importing demand index- goal markets of these three products has been studied. The countries below are introduced as new markets by using these indexes. Results of this study showed that exporting prices have negative and significant effect and also GDP has positive and significant effect on these products’ exporting demand. Results showed that in this period Iran had comparative advantage in these products. And results showed that goal market for exporting pistachios are Denmark, Ireland and, New Zealand, for exporting date are countries like Spain, Italy, Mali and, Thailand, and for exporting apple, are countries like Italy, Netherlands, Spain and, Belgium as new markets. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  6 - Effect of Income Inequality on Consumption Expenditure Inequality in Iran, 1982-2007
  M.H. Fotros R. Maaboudi
  On the basis of macroeconomic consumption theories, consumption behavior as compared to income is more stable. Overtime income inequality that is, appeared as fluctuation and dispersion in income, would affect consumption expenditure. In this paper the extent of consump More

  On the basis of macroeconomic consumption theories, consumption behavior as compared to income is more stable. Overtime income inequality that is, appeared as fluctuation and dispersion in income, would affect consumption expenditure. In this paper the extent of consumption expenditure inequality that are caused by income fluctuation and dispersion was analyzed. The inequalitiesof household consumption expenditure were analyzed for eight goods and services categories. Urban household budget panel data for the years of 1982 to 2007 were used and causal relationship between the variables analyzed. The results showed that not all of the fluctuation and dispersion in income were transferred to consumption expenditure. Therefore, consumption expenditure was less dispersed than income. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  7 - اثر آزاد سازی تجاری بر بخشهای صنعت و کشاورزی در کشورهای منا
  نونزاد نونزاد شراره مجلسی
  چکیده     جهانی شدن فرایندی اجتناب ناپذیر است که آزادسازی تجاری به عنوان نماد اصلی آن فرصتها و تهدید‌هایی را پیش‌روی کشور‌ها قرار داده است. کشورهای در حال توسعه از جمله کشور‌های منا در پی رسیدن به نتایج بهتری از طریق آزاد سازی تجاری هستند، بنابراین تحقیق More

  چکیده     جهانی شدن فرایندی اجتناب ناپذیر است که آزادسازی تجاری به عنوان نماد اصلی آن فرصتها و تهدید‌هایی را پیش‌روی کشور‌ها قرار داده است. کشورهای در حال توسعه از جمله کشور‌های منا در پی رسیدن به نتایج بهتری از طریق آزاد سازی تجاری هستند، بنابراین تحقیق در مورد اثر آزاد سازی تجاری بر بخش‌های صنعت و کشاورزی این کشور‌ها، از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. در این تحقیق با استفاده از روش‌ داده‌های تلفیقی و آمارهای مربوط به سالهای 2009-1997، اثر آزاد سازی تجاری بر بخشهای صنعت و کشاورزی در کشور‌های منا تخمین زده شده است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می‌دهند که آزاد سازی تجاری اثر مثبت و معنی داری بر بخشهای صنعت و کشاورزی کشور‌های منا دارد.  Manuscript profile