بیماری هلندی

Open Access Article

1 - The nonlinear effect of natural resource abundance on economic growth with emphasis on non-resource export and Dutch disease (Case study of selected OPEC member countries)
Niloufar Khatami saeed Daei-Karimzadeh

Because the government in countries with abundant natural resources depends on one or more limited resources, if there are trade barriers, national income decreases and economic growth slows down. The research question is whether the effect of non-resource exports on ec More

Because the government in countries with abundant natural resources depends on one or more limited resources, if there are trade barriers, national income decreases and economic growth slows down. The research question is whether the effect of non-resource exports on economic growth is non-linear and whether the real effective exchange rate, which has a direct role on the flow of exports, can lead to the Dutch disease phenomenon or not? The aim of this study is to investigate the nonlinear effect of natural resource abundance on economic growth by focusing on non-resource export and the real effective exchange rate variables for the 16 selected OPEC member countries during the period between 2000 and 2021. In order to analyze the data, GMM method has been used. Findings showed that the abundance of natural resources has led to a decrease in economic growth, which indicates the occurrence of the resource curse phenomenon in the studied countries. Also, the second power of the natural resources abundance variable has a positive and significant effect, based on which it can be concluded that the natural resources abundance variable has a non-linear effect on economic growth in the studied countries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Investigate and analyzing the effects of oil price shocks on industry and mine sector in Iran (Vector auto regression application)
kamran kasraei Majid Sameti Homayoun Ranjbar Sara Ghobadi

In recent decades, there are many bold oil price volatilities in markets and most of economists has propose oil price severe variations as the main reason of macroeconomic volatilities in both oil export and import countries, such as Iran. Because of oil rule in Iran&rs More

In recent decades, there are many bold oil price volatilities in markets and most of economists has propose oil price severe variations as the main reason of macroeconomic volatilities in both oil export and import countries, such as Iran. Because of oil rule in Iran’s economic, analyzing the effects of oil market shocks on macroeconomic indicators is very important.So, in this paper we use Vector auto regression model to investigate time- variant impulse functionsfor industry and mine value added growth, informal exchange rate, inflation, real consumption expenditures of government, real import growth and real oil revenues growth on oil revenues shocks for 1988- 2015 period. The results show that, there is a linear effectiveness of positive oil revenues shocks on macroeconomic variables.The results show that, there is a linear effectiveness of positive oil revenues shocks on macroeconomic variables.The results show that, there is a linear effectiveness of positive oil revenues shocks on macroeconomic variables. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Determining an Optimal Tax on Housing Capital Compared with Non-housing Capital: Case Study of Iran
R. Shahnazi sh. Nasirabadi

  Abstract In oil exporting countries, the formation of Dutch disease is one of the major problems in economy. Dutch disease causes the outcome of non-tradable sectors (land and housing) to be increased compared with the tradable sector (industry and agriculture) More

  Abstract In oil exporting countries, the formation of Dutch disease is one of the major problems in economy. Dutch disease causes the outcome of non-tradable sectors (land and housing) to be increased compared with the tradable sector (industry and agriculture) and economic capitals transferred to less productive sectors. When facing with this problem, the solution is to reduce the profit of non- tradable sectors by the help of tax. In this paper, by using neoclassical growth model, determining an optimal tax on housing capital compared with non-housing capital will be studied. According to the results, optimal tax on capital depends on elasticity of substitution between consumption non-housing, housing and leisure times. Since Dutch disease causes the elasticity of substitution between housing capital and leisure time to be decreased, housing capital optimal tax should be more than the tax on non-housing capital. Based on the results obtained by simulating the model in Iran, the tax on businesses and labor will be decreased by the tax on housing profits. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Comparative Study of Natural Resource Abundance on Economic Growth in Iran and Norway
Abolfazl Shah abadi Hamed Sadeghi

During two past decades, many studies have been done by the researchers about the relationship between natural resources and economic growth. Based on the importance of natural resources in economic growth and by considering both its positive and negative effects on the More

During two past decades, many studies have been done by the researchers about the relationship between natural resources and economic growth. Based on the importance of natural resources in economic growth and by considering both its positive and negative effects on the economy, this study tries to review the effects of natural resource abundance on economic growth in Iran and Norway during 1970-2008. The results represent that, in the short-term and long-term, natural resource by itself isn’t an obstacle for economic growth in Iran. Furthermore, economic freedom and human capital in these two countries have significant and meaningful positive effect on economic growth both short and long term. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Iran's Paradox of Oil and Development
Mohammad Sharifi

In the th century, the era of modern colonialism, the industrial colonial countries' policy for earning the national wealth and resources of developing countries was based on changing their economy into a monocultural one by the use of political, economical and military More

In the th century, the era of modern colonialism, the industrial colonial countries' policy for earning the national wealth and resources of developing countries was based on changing their economy into a monocultural one by the use of political, economical and military techniques and, if needed, controlling these countries through economic forces and wresting their resources in order to have unceasing access to raw material and appropriate fuel for their country. In Iran, oil has had such a role in the economy for years. The historical evidences of Iran's economy is an indicator of Iranian policy makers will for making a change in the field of oil in order to make socio-economic developments in the past and the present. That Iran's economy suffers from the Dutch disease is the direct result of earning and spending oil incomes . Changing the stance towards oil, from income–based to capital–based can be the initiation of turning losses to profits in anoil economy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The structure of the rentier government in Iran and the collapse of the Pahlavi government
Mehdi Majd Alireza Soltani

In Iran, since the beginning of oil exploration, the governments have not been able to properly exploit oil. If the oil revenues are not used properly, a rentier government will be formed and the Dutch disease will plague the national economy. The peak of the rentier go More

In Iran, since the beginning of oil exploration, the governments have not been able to properly exploit oil. If the oil revenues are not used properly, a rentier government will be formed and the Dutch disease will plague the national economy. The peak of the rentier government can be seen between 1353 and 1356. The Pahlavi government was a rentier state because it regularly received huge amounts of foreign rent. Therefore, Iran's oil revenues have little connection with the domestic economy and the domestic labor force. In fact, with the increase in oil revenues, the Pahlavi regime's independence from the domestic society reached such a degree that the government began to change the social structure and created support groups for itself and created supporting groups for himself and weakened opposing social groups such as marketers and clerics, which was one of the reasons for the formation of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. Therefore, the question of this article is what effect did the structure of the rentier government have on the collapse of the Pahlavi government? And it is also the hypothesis that following the increase of oil revenues of the Pahlavi government by creating an absolute political structure and destroying the capacities and foundations of the production-oriented economy and based on tax revenues, it provided the basis for political, social and economic dissatisfaction and ultimately the collapse of the political system. This article is written in an analytical and descriptive way and its information is collected in a library way. In the end, the conclusion has been reached that the oil-owning countries, especially Iran, have no way to restore their economy except to exit from the single-product economy and increase tax revenues. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - technology The fourth industrial revolutionsdg
Alireza Javani

In countries with abundant natural resources, where the income from exports depends on one or more limited sources, if there are trade barriers, the national income will decrease and cause slow economic growth. The reason for this is attributed to the uneven geographica More

In countries with abundant natural resources, where the income from exports depends on one or more limited sources, if there are trade barriers, the national income will decrease and cause slow economic growth. The reason for this is attributed to the uneven geographical distribution of abundant resources between countries and the dominant position of this sector in national economies, which raises the issue of trade flows between countries and the importance of exchange rates. Accordingly, the aim of this research is to investigate the non-linear effect of natural resource abundance on economic growth, focusing on non-resource export variables, and the real effective exchange rate (as a symbol to measure the presence of Dutch disease) for 16 selected OPEC member countries during the period between 2000 to 2021. In order to analyze the data, the generalized method of moments (GMM) was used. The findings of the research indicate that the abundance of natural resources has led to a decrease in economic growth, which indicates the occurrence of the resource curse phenomenon in the studied countries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - adoption of blockchain technology The fourth industrial revolutionsdg
Alireza Javani

در کشورهای دارای وفور منابع طبیعی که درآمد حاصل از صادرات به یک یا چند منبع محدود بستگی دارد، در صورت وجود موانع تجاری، درآمد ملی کاهش یافته و باعث کندی رشد اقتصادی می شود. دلیل این امر به توزیع نابرابر جغرافیایی وفور منابع بین کشورها و موقعیت غالب این بخش در اقتصادهای More

در کشورهای دارای وفور منابع طبیعی که درآمد حاصل از صادرات به یک یا چند منبع محدود بستگی دارد، در صورت وجود موانع تجاری، درآمد ملی کاهش یافته و باعث کندی رشد اقتصادی می شود. دلیل این امر به توزیع نابرابر جغرافیایی وفور منابع بین کشورها و موقعیت غالب این بخش در اقتصادهای ملی نسبت داده شده است که بحث جریان تجارت بین کشورها و اهمیت نرخ ارز را مطرح می-سازد. بر همین اساس، هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثر غیرخطی وفور منابع طبیعی بر رشد اقتصادی با تمرکز بر متغیرهای صادرات غیرمنابع، نرخ ارز موثر واقعی (به¬عنوان نمادی برای سنجش وجود بیماری هلندی) برای 16 کشور منتخب عضو اوپک طی دوره زمانی بین سال های 2000 تا 2021 می¬باشد. به¬منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده¬ها از روش گشتاورهای تعمیم¬یافته (GMM) استفاده شد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - The fourth industrial revolutionsdg
Alireza Javani

بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعیبیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین More

بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعیبیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعیبیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعیبیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعیبیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی بیماری هلندی، رشد اقتصادی، صادرات غیرمنابع، نفرین منابع، وفور منابع طبیعی Manuscript profile

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