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      • Open Access Article

        1 - Electrochemical Determination of Bisphenol A at Adenine and Carbon Nanotubes Modified Carbon Paste Electrode
        Hoda Ezoji Mostafa Rahimnejad Maryam Asghary Farid Talebnia
        Background: Bisphenol A (BPA), as a major component of polycarbonate and epoxy resins is widely used in the plastic industry. This compound is a well-known endocrine disruptor that can interfere with the normal, hormonal function of human or animal, and thus, pose a pot More
        Background: Bisphenol A (BPA), as a major component of polycarbonate and epoxy resins is widely used in the plastic industry. This compound is a well-known endocrine disruptor that can interfere with the normal, hormonal function of human or animal, and thus, pose a potential threat to the environment and human health. The polycarbonate and epoxy resins containing BPA are commonly used to produce baby bottles, food packages, and beverage containers; thus bisphenol A may enter food and the environment. Therefore, developing a simple and highly sensitive analytical method for the determination of BPA is of great importance. Methods: In this study, an electrochemical sensor based on an adenine/carbon nanotube (Adenine/CNT) modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) was proposed for determination of BPA. Results: The obtained results demonstrate that the modified electrode used in this research had strong catalytic activity toward the oxidation of BPA. Also, applying adenine and carbon nano-tubes in carbon paste electrode resulted in reduction of the electron transfer resistance and significant increase of electron transfer rate. Discussion: According to the results, type of the employed modifier has a significant effect on sensitivity and selectivity of detection. Therefore, novel sensing materials with high stability, good catalytic activity and excellent conductivity can improve its measurement process.    Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Investigation of the amount of bisphenol A in commercial bottled water (offered in Ardabil market) and optimization of ozonation to reduce it
        M.A. Rahimizad Toulon H. Mirzaei A.A. Matin A. Javadi A. Amani Ghadim
        < p >Bisphenol A is a chemical substance that impairs estrogenic endocrine and the presence of BPA in water causes various problems for human health. The present study aims to evaluate the amount of BPA in bottled waters in Ardabil and to optimize the ozone condit More
        < p >Bisphenol A is a chemical substance that impairs estrogenic endocrine and the presence of BPA in water causes various problems for human health. The present study aims to evaluate the amount of BPA in bottled waters in Ardabil and to optimize the ozone condition for reducing it in water. For this purpose, 5 samples were selected out of 13 brands of bottled water. One sample of each brand was tested on the first day and 4 other samples were tested after 30 days of storage at temperatures of 5, 15, 25, and 40 °C using a high-performance liquid chromatography device. To determine the ozonation efficiency, at first, the concentration of consuming ozone, pH of the environment, duration of ozonation, and initial concentration of BPA were optimized and then tested under optimal conditions. On the first day, the amount of BPA in all brands was within the limits allowed by the Department of Health of America (20 µg/L). By increasing the temperature of storage, the amount of BPA increased in all samples and at 40 °C, its amount exceeded the allowable limit in 3 brands. Optimal conditions are achieved at an ozone concentration of 6 mg/l, pH equal to 7, concentration of dissolved BPA equal to 10 mg/l, and ozonation time in 10 minutes. Furthermore, ozonation in these conditions removed 90% of BPA in water. In general, it can be declared that the contamination of BPA in bottled waters increases during preservation, and especially at temperatures higher than a refrigerator (out of the refrigerator), and ozonation under optimized condition is an effective method to reduce it. < p > TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian   //   TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Back //TRANSLATE with xEnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian //  TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW BackEMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack// Manuscript profile