المجتمع

Open Access Article

1 - The Omani women's society between tradition and modernity in the novel "Women of the Moon" by Jokha Al-Harethi
Zohreh Ghorbanimadavani Leila Sadegh Naghdeali

10.30495/cls.2023.1976765.1389

In contemporary literature, addressing social, cultural, historical, and political issues, including the struggle between tradition and modernity, has been significantly reflected. Among literary genres, the novel is considered as the best format for narrating such issu More

In contemporary literature, addressing social, cultural, historical, and political issues, including the struggle between tradition and modernity, has been significantly reflected. Among literary genres, the novel is considered as the best format for narrating such issues. One of these narratives is the novel " Sayyedat al-Qamar " by Jokhah al-Harethi, which is written in the style of socio-historical realism and in which the lives of the characters are beautifully depicted on the two orbits of tradition and modernity. The author describes the Omani society in the transition from a traditional system to a modern system based on the depiction of the families of Azzan, his wife Salemah, and his daughters Miya, Asma and Kholeh, London (Miya's daughter), the family of Ankabooteh and Zarifeh (maid), Najiya (Azzan's mistress). Characters are receptive to modernity (Kholeh, London and Najiya) and are considered to represent the mentality and behavior of modernity, and characters are left in their traditional thoughts and can not accept modernity (Salemah, Ankabooteh, Zarifeh). This research deals with the descriptive-analytical method and relying on the theory of dual confrontations to the confrontations of female characters on the focus of choice in marriage, child name, place of delivery, tolerance with spouse or divorce, etc. The findings of the study indicate that ancient Oman was dominated by hegemony of tradition and patriarchal system, an issue that has faded in modern and developing Oman. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The effects of dystopia in the poetry of Ahmad al-Waeli, a case study of the ode "Baghdad"
Alireza Mohammad Rezaei Seyed Yusef Nejat Nejad Mostafa Chanani

10.30495/cls.2021.679139

Many contemporary writers and poets have investigated the phenomenon of dystopia or the opposite of the utopia; the corrupt city, in their works, and blamed the oppressive governments and rulers, with their poetry and works, who do nothing for the sake of people and the More

Many contemporary writers and poets have investigated the phenomenon of dystopia or the opposite of the utopia; the corrupt city, in their works, and blamed the oppressive governments and rulers, with their poetry and works, who do nothing for the sake of people and their future but their own interests and supporters, and informed their own people and audiences for the evil effects and stimulated them for their removal and correction. Unemployment, poverty and deprivation of natural and legal blessings, destructive wars and their bad effects, lust and the luxurious life of rulers and leaders of power are its most prominent features. Ahmad al-Waeli warned Iraqi people in a poem titled "Baghdad" and his other poems, against the existence of the corrupt city and criticized the rulers and governments with his poem. In this article, we examine the characteristics of this anti-utopia in the poet's poem "Baghdad" using a descriptive and analytical method, and at the end, we refer to the results of this study. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Pathology of the Social Ethics’ Performance in the Present Era from Qur'an and Nahj Al-Balaghah’s Viewpoint
Mohammad Jafar Akbari Ali Hossein Ehteshami Seyyed Hamid Hosseini

10.30495/cls.2021.684666

There is a hand – to hand relation between practical commitment to moral values, commitment to divine commands and decrees, strengthening religious culture in society and limiting the spread of corruption and non-observance of social principles. The present study& More

There is a hand – to hand relation between practical commitment to moral values, commitment to divine commands and decrees, strengthening religious culture in society and limiting the spread of corruption and non-observance of social principles. The present study’s purpose is the pathology of the performing social ethics in the present era from Qur'an and Nahj Al-Balaghah’s viewpoint. The data collection method is a documentary – librarian that has drawn a semantic inclusion in each category by examining the frequency of verses and chapters of Holy Quran as well as sermons, letters and words of Nahj Al-Balaghah, in the concept of social ethics; and studies the issue based on the verses of Holy Qur'an and Nahj Al-Balaghah by covering three stages of description, analysis and explanation (interpretation). The results show that one of the central and fundamental issues in the field of social ethics is to recognize the factors and obstacles of performing social ethics in the present era. Awareness and education of ethics, promotion of moral values, introduction of moral models, dealing with immoral manifestations and strengthening spirituality in society are effective in achieving social ethics. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Mysticism Mask in Haqqi Yahya Literature
Alaeddin Ramezan

Religious view point is a part of social character structure. The religion is made of two parts: the first part is the legal section which is documented by the religious texts and prays and the second part is the issues that the social life has influence on them such as More

Religious view point is a part of social character structure. The religion is made of two parts: the first part is the legal section which is documented by the religious texts and prays and the second part is the issues that the social life has influence on them such as superstition, myths and traditions. One of the phenomenon which have been created because of the social traditions entrance is the Sufism. The present paper studies the Sufism in Yahya Haqqi literature and the interpretation methods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Analysis of the Quranic Function of Social Unity from the Perspective of Allamah Tabatabie
Sayed Mahdi Soltani Renani mohammadreza haji esmaeeli Muhammad Reza Sotudenia Sayed Mahdi Lotfi

One of the social functions of Holy Quran in human life from Allmah Tabatabaie's point of view is the creation and expansion of social unity. He considers the unity as an element causing the honor and power of the Muslim community and regards it as God's gift. He believ More

One of the social functions of Holy Quran in human life from Allmah Tabatabaie's point of view is the creation and expansion of social unity. He considers the unity as an element causing the honor and power of the Muslim community and regards it as God's gift. He believes that Quranic suggestion for achieving this goal is to have plan for its expansion not just in words but in practice and adds that Quran besides designing and strengthening unity has mentioned the factors of schism as the social barriers of realizing unity. Quran has also tried to fight against the factors of schism and suggested practical solutions. The present study emphasizes the importance and situation of social unity in human life by highlighting Allamah Tabatabaie's views in al-Mizan and discusses about its Quranic functions, its barriers and solutions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - A Study on "You & Us" Article from Storm
Batoul Mohseni Rad

Gibran depicts two opposite groups in human society. The first group are the ones who are sympathy to others and create civilization and the second are the ones who are ebullient and unaware of others sadness and destroy the history and cause war and slaughter. The titl More

Gibran depicts two opposite groups in human society. The first group are the ones who are sympathy to others and create civilization and the second are the ones who are ebullient and unaware of others sadness and destroy the history and cause war and slaughter. The title of the article indicates analysis on the differences between happiness and sadness. Gibran shows that he is interested in expressing the details and this is the criteria of analytical thinking. Thus we come to conclusion that sadness derives from pain from Gibran's point of view. His goal of writing this book is to modify human society. His view to concepts would change depending on different times. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The Comparison of Social Consensus in the Contemporary Arab and Persian Poetry
maryam saed vaghefi elaheh razaghi parviz Lakzaeian Fakoor

Abstract The high literature serve the community; and referring to the oldest ages of literature in human communities, we see that it’s an expression of a range of social and political systems prevailing in those ages, whether we followed Greek and Roman etiquett More

Abstract The high literature serve the community; and referring to the oldest ages of literature in human communities, we see that it’s an expression of a range of social and political systems prevailing in those ages, whether we followed Greek and Roman etiquette in those eras or the pre - Islamic era or the eras of enlightenment in Europe. However, the researchers argue that the relation between literature and society became close since the modern era; and that is because of the conditions in which the community lives; as the spread of the press and the demise of illiteracy and scientific movements in human societies. From this viewpoint, this article reviews the study of social opinions between the two contemporary Arab and Persian literatures concentrating on three themes:" Status of women "and "women's freedom "and" poverty"; and a comparison among the views of the two great contemporary poets, i.e. Shawqi and Bahar, has been accomplished indicating the common and different aspects in their views and mentioning their expressing method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Maruf Rassafi, Social Analyzer of Poverty and Deprivation
Esmaiel Naderi

Maroof Al-Rosafee, a best-known poet, was born in1875 in Baghdad.He did his best to reflect his social issues in his anthology. That is why he speaks about social issues specially poverty and poorness in collection of elegiacs. Due to such a fact, he was known as "poets More

Maroof Al-Rosafee, a best-known poet, was born in1875 in Baghdad.He did his best to reflect his social issues in his anthology. That is why he speaks about social issues specially poverty and poorness in collection of elegiacs. Due to such a fact, he was known as "poets of the poor". The main reasons for such a title were facts like "psychological factors, poet's environment and his sensitivity". Al-rasafee was not a poet who witnessed poverty and social issues in his society. As a matter affect, he was not indifferent to what happened around him.  He was highly keen on finding some solution to the reasons for such social issues as ignorance, old customs acting as a barrier to improve and develop a society, neglecting and colonization. In his works, he also made effort o depict deterring ways of poverty including how to get knowledge, kindness of the rich to the poor, cooperation and being economical in life. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - The Analysis of Religious Element as an element of cultural identity in Hani El Raheb's novel “Alwaba"
Yara Merhej Mustafa Musavi

All of us are born in an identity context which impacts all aspects of our lives. Through history, religion, language and other elements forming our identity, our cultural identity are enforced. Religion plays a paramount role in forming Syrian cultural identity. The st More

All of us are born in an identity context which impacts all aspects of our lives. Through history, religion, language and other elements forming our identity, our cultural identity are enforced. Religion plays a paramount role in forming Syrian cultural identity. The study of cultural identity in modern stories lays the groundwork for recognizing cultural differences and similarities among nations and establishing cultural, economic, political, scientific etc. relations with other nations. This article makes an effort to show the place of religion in the cultural identity of the Syrian society through the novel ‘Alwaba’ by the Syrian writer Hani al-Raheb as this novel conveyed a realistic picture of that society at a certain period of time and also shows what place religion holds in their lives in the past and now. . And with a descriptive and analytical approach. The results of the research show that religion is an essential factor in the formation of individuals' identities. Also, people's religious beliefs are affected by various factors over time, We also find in this research that the Syrian people in the novel are less adherent to religion than they were in the past. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The Analysis Aboohayan’s Viewpoints in Al emta wa al Moanesat’s
Mehdi Abedi Jozeeni

Al emta wa al Moanesatis like its name, interesting, and throwing light on Iraq at  the second half of fourth century, namely “al Bowayhee age”, that is marked with darkness. This book discusses a lot of social problems, and portrays sovereigns and mini More

Al emta wa al Moanesatis like its name, interesting, and throwing light on Iraq at  the second half of fourth century, namely “al Bowayhee age”, that is marked with darkness. This book discusses a lot of social problems, and portrays sovereigns and ministers and their meeting and merits and evils, and portrays the ulema and analyzes their character, and the conversations among them. Aboohayan’s  custom in this book, is that “ebn Sadan” asks and “Aboohayan” replies, sometimes making question on him, respiting him until tomorrow or some  unknown time, so that he can read and make  debate with others to answer him orally or written. “ Ebne sadan” doesn’t confine himself to hearing, rather he partakes in discussion and concurs or refuses. Al emta wa al Moanesat  portrays  upper classes, how they discuss, think, and portrays this life in a fictional guise  divided into nights. But uses less fancy and imagination in comparison to One Thousand and One Night. Manuscript profile

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