اشاعره

Open Access Article

1 - A Study of the Ash’arite Reading of “Creatio Ex Nihilo” Thesis
مرتضی براتی

Creation is one of the fundamental beliefs in Islamic world-view,playing an important role in all aspects of religious thought wherehumankind is told to contemplate the whole creation of God. In linewith this view is the unavoidable participation of philosophers,theolog More

Creation is one of the fundamental beliefs in Islamic world-view,playing an important role in all aspects of religious thought wherehumankind is told to contemplate the whole creation of God. In linewith this view is the unavoidable participation of philosophers,theologians, and mystics in a contest where each group has taken aparticular position in accordance with their world view, throwinglight on particular aspects of being.The Ash’arites committed themselves to the creation from nothing(creatio ex nihilo) thesis in order to glorify the status of Godthrough expanding the realm of Divine will and power. Theyclaimed that this thesis was based on their reading of religious texts.However, this view resorts to certain unproved presuppositions andsuffers from serious intellectual problems.This paper offers a critical study of the above- mentioned thesis byexamining the textual bases of its premises and showing theintellectual problems in their consequents. In the end the writer setsforth the combination of the Ash’arite view with Sadra’s ontologyas a defensible outlook towards Divine creation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Ghaznawides and Philosophy and Theology in Khorasan and Transoxania
Dr. Mahbub Mahdavian

The lands of Khorasan and Transoxania before Islam were one of theimportant scientific and cultural centers of Iran, and had an outstandingrole in ruling Abbasides during the Isiamic era. Because of this, Theyhave been one of the pioneering lands in the world of Islam, More

The lands of Khorasan and Transoxania before Islam were one of theimportant scientific and cultural centers of Iran, and had an outstandingrole in ruling Abbasides during the Isiamic era. Because of this, Theyhave been one of the pioneering lands in the world of Islam, from notonly political but also scientific and cultural points of view, particularlyin philosophy and theology. Ghaznawhdes government was one of themost important governments that ruled the entire of this land duringtheir authority. in this article, it has been attempted to survey andanalyze the role of Ghaznawides in the development of philosophy andtheology in Khorasan and Transoxania which led to the suppression ofphilosophy, Ismailism and Mutazilites, and strengthening of theologicalcastes of karramites and Ashrites. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Comparative Study of Ash'arites' Viewpoint on Justice in Sa'adi's Koliyat and Amīr Khusrow Dehlavī's Diwan
Anvar Ziyaei

Divine Justice is one of the important religious and verbal principals such as monotheism; but because of its undescribable importance, owns a special place in religious and verbal subjects. Ash'arites belive that Lord's justice is to enter all good doers to Hell and al More

Divine Justice is one of the important religious and verbal principals such as monotheism; but because of its undescribable importance, owns a special place in religious and verbal subjects. Ash'arites belive that Lord's justice is to enter all good doers to Hell and all evil doers to Heaven. Thus they think that justice is not mandatory to Lord nor evil in the universe; they also believe human is not allowed and capable to judge Lord's decisions. Other religion – Shias – believe in good and bad behaviors conversely. They believe Lord would never leave what wise dictates. This paper aims to study Sa'adi and Amīr Khusrow Dehlavī's viewpoints on Divine judgement. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Philosophy of Imam’s Features from Sides’ Viewpoint
Khadijeh Ahmadi Bighash Tahereh Mohseni

Leadership owns long background in Islamic thoughts. Leadership means nation’s management and supervision which follows by adherence and obedience indeed. Leadership is “management and supervision” from one hand and “adherence and obedience&rdquo More

Leadership owns long background in Islamic thoughts. Leadership means nation’s management and supervision which follows by adherence and obedience indeed. Leadership is “management and supervision” from one hand and “adherence and obedience” from another hand. This research intends to survey and study the philosophy of imam’s features and characteristics from three famous scholars’ view point – Allameh Tabatabaee, Abd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad and Baqelani Asha’ri with librarian method and by texts’ explanation and analysis. Allameh knows leadership as natural and formation management; Abd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad considers it as executive and necessary issue and Baqelani introduces it as subsidiary and religious issue for Islamic societies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Comparative Study of Unity of Acts from Quran and Sa’adi’s Viewpoint
Anwar Ziyaei

Islam is the religion of monotheism which is of supreme status amongst Islamic educations. Quran as the eternal patent of Islam, talks about monotheism and its various aspects. One of the human’s everlasting spiritual manifestations is worshipping and adoration se More

Islam is the religion of monotheism which is of supreme status amongst Islamic educations. Quran as the eternal patent of Islam, talks about monotheism and its various aspects. One of the human’s everlasting spiritual manifestations is worshipping and adoration sense. Sa’adi is monotheism follower and intends to keep the unity of acts; he believes that all acts of human being are created and issued by Lord, even the words he says. The present research studies Sa’adi’s viewpoints about unity of acts in order to find out how much his ideas and beliefs conforms his religion about unity of acts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - اراده الهی از دیدگاه غزالی و ابو هاشم جبایی
seyed sajad sadatizadeh ali sabri

Knowledge of God is done in different ways, the most important and most controversial way that theologians have explained and explained in the knowledge of God in the context of the discussion. The discussion was divine traits. By dividing the attributes of God into mor More

Knowledge of God is done in different ways, the most important and most controversial way that theologians have explained and explained in the knowledge of God in the context of the discussion. The discussion was divine traits. By dividing the attributes of God into more firm and cumbersome or intrinsic and present controversies, there were more controversies. This paper seeks to study one of the most important attributes of God's will, namely, will, in the view of the two scholars of Shahir Ashaereh (Ghazali) and Mu'tazilie (Abu Hashem Jobaei), both of which agree on the fact that God has the will. On the other hand, Abu Hashem, unlike the other Mu'tazilies, and his father, with the choice of bounded theory, plotted the theory of the present on attributes, and believed that the will of God is a consequence, but not in place. Ghazali, one of the greatest Ash'aric theologians who took positions against various groups, including the Mu'tazilies, voted for the will of the Divine Will to be old. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Critical review of the possibility of God's vision, centered on jurisprudential and philosophical views of Bahao al valad
محمد رسول آهنگران aa xc nayereh sadat alavi

One issue, including demographic and jnjali issues in the field of Theology and philosophy, set in the Islamic way. The basic transition of different thought ashari Islamic a. is like imamieh, habtih, asmaailih, MO tazel and. .. Each didgahi toward the possibility of ob More

One issue, including demographic and jnjali issues in the field of Theology and philosophy, set in the Islamic way. The basic transition of different thought ashari Islamic a. is like imamieh, habtih, asmaailih, MO tazel and. .. Each didgahi toward the possibility of observing the possibility or not of the Lord in this world with the eyes of the head, have adopted. This is an important issue that social aspect, such as other issues taken and too personal a thought and the margin of the Persian courteous, exceeded-as this Muslim culture and literature-rsukhi and the majority of significant poets and writers and their works in arefan-what order and what prose-this issue is dealt with . Among the Sufis and Muslim scholars, bhaold father molana Jalal al-Din blekhi in the seventh century the Mongol assault coincided with the movement and in the tghryaratsh under the title of "education" in our hands, one towards the didgahhaish express issue. He as a leader and mystic and preacher matridi ashari and rational reasons for citing and narrative in your Pocket instead of the book, referring to the possibility of the sanctity of the Lord in this world and the other world, and with the eyes of the material. This article in the meantime, he views the plan citing lack of intellectual possibility, is trying to make it a challenge. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The causes of religious strife and decline of rationalism in testament of Sultan Mahmoud Ghaznavi
Ali Mohammad Sajjadi Mansoureh Ahmadi Jafari

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - A Study of Rumi’s Thought About Faith
jamal ahmady

Faith is the basic sector of All Religions and the most important term that Theologians have presented their descriptions according to their point of view. Besides faith in Islam has a different meaning From Other Nations, also there are various comments about faith am More

Faith is the basic sector of All Religions and the most important term that Theologians have presented their descriptions according to their point of view. Besides faith in Islam has a different meaning From Other Nations, also there are various comments about faith among Islamic Sects. Every especial Islamic Sects has represented comment according to Quran verses and it‟s Commentary that is totally different From  others.  Sufis  have  also  paid  attention  to  faith  that  somehow differs From the other Theologians‟ point of view. That‟s clear that the view to “artistic look to Theology and religion” be deeper, the frame of Theologians‟ issue will be something else. In This Article, the Author has Attempted Not Only to Mention Varios Quran  Verses  and  Theologians‟Ideas But Also to  take  Sufis  and Especially  Mawlānā  Jalāloddin  Mohammad  Balkhi‟s  Views into Consideration. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Practical Reason in the Thought of Ash'arism, Robert Adams, and Josiah Royce: An Emphasis on Josiah Royce's Epistemological Foundations
Rezvan Najafi

The Relation between Practical Reason and Morality in Robert Adams, Ash'arism, and Josiah Royce Abstract: Robert Adams considers practical reason and morality to be dependent on reason but ultimately rooted in religion. He is influenced by the Ash'ari theory of divine c More

The Relation between Practical Reason and Morality in Robert Adams, Ash'arism, and Josiah Royce Abstract: Robert Adams considers practical reason and morality to be dependent on reason but ultimately rooted in religion. He is influenced by the Ash'ari theory of divine command and the theory of acquisition. He believes that morality depends on religion and that the ultimate source of morality is God. However, he also believes that the basis of his practical reason is rational. Josiah Royce, on the other hand, believes in ethical idealism and establishes a meaningful relationship between ontology, ethics, idealism, and monotheistic theology. Royce's ethical idealism does not, like Ghazali, make morality dependent on a particular religion, nor does it separate religion and morality from each other. He describes humans as transcendental beings with a prior knowledge of moral principles. Therefore, the conformity of religion and morality will not have a posteriori and historical aspect but will have a metaphysical and ontological basis. Adams, regardless of giving priority to reason and free will, bases his beliefs on the principle of a "sense of duty" towards divine commands and having a conscience. However, according to the Ash'ari view of "divine command" and the "theory of acquisition," whatever the divine being deems permissible or forbids is considered right and wrong, respectively. Whatever the divine being commands is obligatory. Therefore, the validity and truth of every action must be judged according to the criteria of the Sharia, and humans are merely the acquirers of the commands of the divine being and the Sharia. However, the common ground between Adams and the Ash'arites is that they both consider happiness and all moral actions to be dependent on religion. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - self-existent wisdom from the point of view of Muslim theologians
javad hajipour

The wisdom of God in the mirror of Muslim theologians' thinking indicates His infinite knowledge. They infer God's knowledge by explaining the divine wisdom and the details of the craft and the subtleties of the verb, and they pay more attention to His current knowledge More

The wisdom of God in the mirror of Muslim theologians' thinking indicates His infinite knowledge. They infer God's knowledge by explaining the divine wisdom and the details of the craft and the subtleties of the verb, and they pay more attention to His current knowledge and current attributes. According to the opinion of Shiite theologians - regardless of their philosophical opinions in this matter - the definition of wisdom in the field of speech is "God does not do ugly things, which requires accepting the principle of goodness and ugliness inherent in reason; That the phenomenon in itself contains all kinds of benefits and corruptions, and the Supreme Being is also aware of these benefits and corruptions. Therefore, in his actions, he does not commit ugly things and does not abandon what is necessary. With this opinion, Shiite theologians demarcated the opinions of the Ash'arites, which deny goodness and ugliness inherent in reason.According to Ash'areh opinion, God does not perform His actions based on purity and wisdom, but what He does is wise, which they consider to be the result of God's knowledge. With this statement, they wanted to preserve the inherent exaltation of God, who does not condemn anything outside the realm of his nature, but they have prescribed the issuance of any act, even if it is futile, for his nature to be a burden. The verbs are based on expediency and wisdom and being free from cancellation and futility, but their expression of God's wisdom is similar to the wisdom of humans, which is issued from Him to achieve a purpose and goal. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Dialectic of Predestination and Free Will in Love: Investigating the Influence of Ash'ari Thought on Saadi's Love Poems
Seyyed Kazem Mofidi Ali Fallah safa taslimi Bahareh Fazli

10.30495/rpcl.2023.703167

Saadi grew up in the Ash'ari school, and the influence of Ash'ari words can be easily seen in Saadi's works. The influence of fate and fate on destiny, the influence of nature and essence on human actions, and the lack of influence of education on changing a person's mo More

Saadi grew up in the Ash'ari school, and the influence of Ash'ari words can be easily seen in Saadi's works. The influence of fate and fate on destiny, the influence of nature and essence on human actions, and the lack of influence of education on changing a person's moods and morals can be seen everywhere in Saadi's generalities. In addition to many themes of this kind, another common theme can be seen in Saadi's lyrical and love poems with the concept that love is an involuntary and irrational thing and one cannot resist love or make a choice. That is, the idea of predestination dominates Saadi's love poems, and the question arises as to whether this predestination originates from the words and education of Ash'ari, or is it simply a vehicle for creating a literary theme. With a more detailed examination of Saadi's generalities, using the analytical descriptive method, we come to the conclusion that the influence of Ash'ari's words on Saadi is not such that it made him fall into determinism; Saadi is a free and intellectual person and despite his contemporaries, he does not believe in absolute predestination; As a result, the theme of human helplessness in the world of love is simply an artistic theme and Saadi has used it to express the power of love.Keywords: Ash'arism, Determinism, Dialectics, Saadi. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Ash'ari exact role of ideas in relationship with the caliphate system Alebouyeh
morteza soltani vali abolhasani

The buyid's Moezzed - Dowleh took Baghdad as his possession and sometime later, he discharged khalifat- almostakfi. The Buyid's period, regarding that government power and also lack of religious dogmatism originated from lack of being duty- bound to the regulations, cre More

The buyid's Moezzed - Dowleh took Baghdad as his possession and sometime later, he discharged khalifat- almostakfi. The Buyid's period, regarding that government power and also lack of religious dogmatism originated from lack of being duty- bound to the regulations, created a glorious period and calm environment for learned people and different religions in order to express their thoughts. In this era, some remarkable speakers from three verbal schools such as Ashari, schismatic (Motazeleh) and shittee appeared in Baghdad and other Buyid's territories. The thoughts of these speakers, despite being a vindication of religious believes of the mentioned schools, were not ineffective on the behavior and reaction of the Buyid's rulers and Abbassid caliphs and their political thoughts were as the guidance or as an explanation of the rulers' behavior in service for governors. These men of thought were functionally in the service of rulers beside giving methods to the rulers in different conditions and each one of them undertook some responsibilities in tax systems of Buyid's and Abbassid caliphate. Their thoughts were effective on people's viewpoint about governors as a legal or illegal ruler. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Islamic Sects and Rational approaches to Religion
محسن Modir=shanehchi علی Solimanpour

The relation between ration and religion as one of the oldest theosophical discourses and intellectual challenges among philosophers, theosophists, scholars and Moslem jurisprudents (and even non-Moslems) is a subject constantly considered the most important intellectua More

The relation between ration and religion as one of the oldest theosophical discourses and intellectual challenges among philosophers, theosophists, scholars and Moslem jurisprudents (and even non-Moslems) is a subject constantly considered the most important intellectual and philosophical preoccupation in the field of ideological, ethical and socio-political existence. Historical, the emergence of various sects in the territory of Islamic civilizations has its roots, before anything else, in rational approaches to religion and in other words in their attitudes towards the relation between ration and religion, spiritual intellect, ration and ideology, ration and religion and the like. Based on which, the theosophical sects of the Shiite, Mo'tazali and Asha'erah, with different rational interpretation and sometimes in conflict with Islamic religion emerged and presented interesting and attractive thoughts and viewpoints. Briefly studying the historical position of each of the mentioned theosophical sects, this article attempts to analyze the major differences among the theosophical sects in the subject.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - روش‌شناسی تفسیر تأویلات اهل السنة
عباس همامی سمیه خلیلی آشتیانی

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - "Cause and Effect" and "Means and Caused Things" in Sufism
Loqmān Mahmoodpoor

"Cause and effect" and "means and caused things" are theological and philosophical issues of Sufism. So far, the general understanding has been that Sufis have denied causation and consider God as real agent. The purpose of the present article is to examine these issues More

"Cause and effect" and "means and caused things" are theological and philosophical issues of Sufism. So far, the general understanding has been that Sufis have denied causation and consider God as real agent. The purpose of the present article is to examine these issues and to explain how Sufis believe in them. The issue of "cause and effect" has been studied in various Persian and Arabic texts, prose and verse, as well as in theological texts. The results show that, according to Sufism, "cause and effect" is something other than "means and caused things". The whole world and its phenomena are caused by an agent, "Divine Act"; God is necessarily existent by itself and beyond Him there is no real cause in the world. According to Sufis' terms, what is called "cause and effect" is "means and caused things" or " the world of wisdom". So, based on this view, they have not denied cause and effect. In the belief of Muslim Sufis, "means and caused things" act on the basis of Divine traditions; they believe that God can create "caused things" without "means" and call it "the world of power".  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - theory of leadership ( imamate)
Farhad Torabi Seed Mohammad Ali Ayazi مهدی مهریزی

This paper is an investigation about the theory of Imamate in various Islamic sects. Some questions about Imamate, such as “ what is”, “ why” and “ who is” are going to be studied according to the theological doctrine of Ash'arism, Mu More

This paper is an investigation about the theory of Imamate in various Islamic sects. Some questions about Imamate, such as “ what is”, “ why” and “ who is” are going to be studied according to the theological doctrine of Ash'arism, Mu'tazila, and Imamia. in this article, peculiarities of the leadership and theoretical frames of power legitimacy in the Muslim society are maintained as the central point of the research. Studying the theories of Sunni scholars about personal necessities of Imamate post which are based on their minor conception, the minimum peculiarities of managing the society as a whole, such as competency, enough knowledge, safekeeping, and justice are less noticed. According to Sunni theories, one can rule over the Muslim society, as the caliph of the holy Messenger mere for the sake of domination , power and deforcement . despite oppression, betrayal, and incompetency, neither any revolution against the calphs is legitimated, nor they can be put aside out of leading the society. The only important anxiety in this philosophy is the security of the society and the release from political and social chaos. Though some scholars of Mu'tazila have had some suggestions for valuable peculiarities of Imamate, but the position of Imamate for Imamia is the continuation of the prophecy movement, uttering the religious conception by the society itself, guarding the religious values, protecting from distortions , justice expandin, negating both material and immaterial poverty of the generations, and finally cultivating and leading the souls of the human beings. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Investigating rationalism in theological religions; Focusing on the Ash'are religion
Yasir Alizadeh

Reason and wisdom have an important place in religion and one of the key issues in the promotion and accurate, effective and deep understanding of religion is the recognition of religious deviations, irrationality and anti-rationalism in it. Since divine religions bene More

Reason and wisdom have an important place in religion and one of the key issues in the promotion and accurate, effective and deep understanding of religion is the recognition of religious deviations, irrationality and anti-rationalism in it. Since divine religions benefit from holy power and make everything related to it holy, it causes some people to pursue their non-religious goals in the name of religion and religiosity. This article tries to address the grounds of the formation of anti-rationalism with the conceptualization of religious deviations and rationalism and examine the results of religious deviations and rationalism in the Ash'ari school. The grounds for the formation of anti-rationalism have been created in some religious schools of thought, and it is believed that the decline of rationality in Islam has developed with the spread of Ash'ariism, and Ash'ari has become the cause of the backwardness of the Islamic world. The main goal of this article is to prevent the damage of irrationality in the society by removing distortions from the holy religion of Islam. Manuscript profile

List of Articles اشاعره

Sanad

Links

Related Centers

Technical Support

Official pages