Scientific ethics is a set of ethics and principles that are to be observed by all members of a scientific community in the process of using, producing, and disseminating knowledge. These etiquettes are either written and codified in the form of professional charters, or as unwritten principles agreed upon by experts in various fields. Unwritten principles refer to rules that individuals in a small or large group wholeheartedly believe in, without having been communicated to them in the form of specific laws and instructions. For example, researchers know that in the research process, they are morally obliged to be truthful and honest. If they use the works of others, they must cite those works, base their research findings only on real data, and avoid bias and bias in data analysis. These are all cases that are presented as unwritten principles in various fields and violating them is considered deception in the field of science.
In terms of their nature and philosophical underpinnings, scientific ethics itself is a subset of ethics in its general sense, but it also includes other specific considerations. For example, honesty and truthfulness are important moral virtues and we are all obliged to observe them in any class and profession. The same honesty is one of the fundamental principles in scientific ethics, but its examples in this field may be subject to additional considerations. For example, if a person reads a book and quotes a sentence from it during a conversation with others, no one will criticize him as long as he is honest and trustworthy in this quote after mentioning the title of the book and does not distort it. Although it is appropriate to introduce the main source correctly in this simple conversation in order to respect the copyright, it is not necessary to mention its complete bibliographic characteristics. However, if the same person wants to quote the same thing in a work or writing - such as a homework, dissertation or article - in addition to being trustworthy and trying to preserve its content and accuracy, he must also mention the full details of the source used. Slowly In this way, the reader knows what role the first work has in the production of the recent work, and if he wants to retrieve it for more information, this will be possible for him. Also, the amount of use of the original work in his writing has a certain limit. For example, we can not cite several paragraphs or a chapter of a book in our work exactly, even if the full source description is included with the page numbers. Because in this case, the amount of use of that work is too common and conventional, and if that article in the original source is so comprehensive and complete, the reader can refer to it directly and there is no need to rewrite it in a new article. Therefore, as you can see, there is a general and specific relationship between human ethics and scientific ethics. In other words, an ethical researcher is first and foremost a noble and pious human being, and the reflection of this honor and piety on his scientific work will be evident. Accordingly, if he also does scientific work in professional fields, his work is based on the professional ethics of that field. In other words, scientific ethics and professional ethics are two fields that are close to each other and overlap from different angles. But both make sense in the light of fundamental moral principles. For example, medical ethics or engineering ethics are each a subset of professional ethics that in general can be placed under the umbrella of scientific ethics.
In general, scientific ethics guarantees the health and stability of the process of production, sharing, and dissemination of knowledge. Due to this ethic, researchers trust each other and society will trust the authenticity, accuracy, and correctness of research findings. This mutual trust is a huge asset on which the foundations of the progress and dynamism of any society will be based. Scientific ethics obliges researchers to be completely honest, fair, and impartial in their studies. If they use the works of others, they cite those works correctly and have the copyright in any case. In the reporting of facts, they should not interfere with their personal desires and should not try to prove their hypotheses and prejudices at any cost.
Authors and individuals active in Haftat Journal of Water and Soil Resources (editor of the journal, members of the editorial board, internal editor, editor and, publisher) must have accepted and agreed to the rules and ethical charter of the Journal of Water and Soil Resources Protection.
Publishing decisions
Copyright laws and copying of other literary works must be observed by the publication and the rights of individuals are protected at the time of publication.
Make fair decisions about articles
Decisions about articles should be made at any stage regardless of the authors' race, gender, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, ethnicity, citizenship, or political philosophy.
Confidentiality of information
The personal information of the authors of the article must be kept strictly confidential by all persons who have access to it, such as the editor, members of the editorial board and the internal and executive director of the journal, and other active actors (other than the author). When it is protected.
Respect for the interests of individuals
The possibility of using the results of others' research should be done with the reference and written permission of the author.
Duties of Reviewers
1- Assisting the decision-making of the members of the editorial board of the Journal of Water and Soil Resources Protection
The reviewers should assist the editor of the journal in reviewing the quality, content, and science of the articles or help to improve and enhance the quality and content of the articles by communicating with the respected editorial board members.
2- Speed of action
The selected reviewers should immediately inform the editor of the publication after the initial review, which includes:
Lack of reveiwing the manuscript is due to the lack of subject matter in the field of referee work, lack of time, etc.
reviewing is accompanied by delays due to busy times, lack of access to sufficient facilities, and so on.
3- Confidentiality of information
All information contained in manuscripts submitted to the Journal of Water and Soil Resources Conservation should be kept confidential to the arbitrator and the arbitrator shall endeavor to maintain it.
4- Arbitration by presenting scientific and transparent documents and arguments
reviewing manuscripts should be based on sufficient scientific documents and reasoning, should be clearly stated and these documents should be presented to journals and authors, and refrain from expressing personal, racial, and religious opinions, etc. in reviewing manuscripts.
5- Paying attention to references used in the manuscript
Paying attention to references used in the manuscript is another task of the reviewers. All research, topics, and citations used in the article should be accompanied by a complete reference in the bibliography.
6- Lack of reviewing manuscripts for personal purposes
Referees should not accept articles for which the interests of certain individuals, institutions, and companies are obtained or personal relationships are observed.
Duties of authors
1- Presenting scientific and standard articles
The authors of the article should prepare themselves scientifically and coherently, according to the standard of the Journal of Soil and Water Resources Protection. The method used in the article should be done accurately and objectively and the data should be reported correctly. Respect the rights of others in the article through full citations. Refrain from expressing sensitive and immoral, tasteful and personal issues, racial and religious, and false and inaccurate information and translations of other people's works without mentioning the title in the article.
2- Provide raw data if needed
The author should be asked to provide raw data, interviews, questionnaires, and other research tools as needed. Public access to this information (compliant with the ALPSP-STM statement) helps to improve the performance of articles.
3- The originality of the presented manuscript
Articles submitted by authors should be the work of the author of the article and any use of other people's research should be cited in the article.
4- Not publishing at the same time an article or an accepted and published article
It is against the law to submit an article to several publications or articles published or accepted to other publications at the same time.
5- Mention the appropriate referral
References include mentioning all books, publications and internet sites and other personal research in the bibliography.
Mention the person in charge and colleagues in the article and be careful in the absence of unrelated names
The person in charge of the article is the person who has played a major role in the preparation, design and execution of the article. Other authors are also mentioned as contributors to the article. The main author of the article should make sure that the names and information of all the authors exist and that there are no names other than the authors of the article. Also, all authors should have read the article and agreed to submit it.
Notices about the possible dangers to humans or other living organisms
Any dangers posed to humans or other creatures by any author's research should be clearly stated in the article.
Mention financial support
Authors should also indicate all financial support for their article.
Ethics book of scientific publications