Comparison of the formalin-induced pain response in normal and cholestatic male mice
Subject Areas : Journal of Large Animal Clinical Science Research(JLACSR)
Keywords: Mice, pain, Formalin, Cholestasis, Endogenous Opioids,
Abstract :
Pain is one of the most important clinical signs of diseases. Considering of the most advances, pain treatment and other effects of pain, is a major challenge for medicine and researchers. A number of studies have shown that cholestasis has changed the effect of drugs on receptors and tissuses, because cholestasis induced severe pathophysiological changes on tissues and receptor number. Also increase of endogenous opioid levels has reported in some of pathologic forms such as cholestasis. So, it is important to know if these (pain and cholestasis) can have contradictive effects in one patient or not. The aim of this study was comparison of formalin-induced pain response in normal and cholestasis mice. In this experimental study, 30 NMRI male mice were used and randomly divided into 3 groups, include normal, sham (surgery without bile duct ligated) and cholestasis (surgery with bile duct ligated). Pain response evaluated in normal and seven days after operation in sham and cholestatic animals. For induced pain response, formalin (20μl, 5%) injected intrapawley. The time of licking and biting of injected paw was measured as pain response at 5 minutes intervals for 1 hour. The results showed that formalin-induced a biphasic pain response. Cholestasis significantly decreased (p<0.05) the first (neurogenic pain) and no significantly decreased (p<0.05) second phase (inflammatory pain) of pain response. Our results suggested that the cholestasis reduce nociceptive and inflammatory effect probably via an increase on the endogenous opioids.
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