Clarifying the role of the Cooperative Sector in Financing the Implementation of Urban Development Plans
Subject Areas : Urban FuturologyAboozar Gholami 1 , Hadi Sarvari 2 * , Amidoleslam Saghatoleslami 3 , Sanaz Saeidi Mofrad 4 , Ali Sarvari 5
1 - Department of Urban Planning, Ma.C., Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2 - Department of Urban Planning, Ma.C., Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
3 - Department of Urban Planning, Ma.C., Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
4 - Department of Urban Planning, Ma.C., Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
5 - Department of Economics, Ma.C., Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Keywords: Cooperative Sector, Financing, Urban Development Plans.,
Abstract :
Local institutions and municipal organizations in the field of urban studies need financial support in order to finance urban development projects, which is a very important and challenging issue. Also, cooperatives play an important role in compiling financial resources and managing studies and projects. For this reason, conducting theoretical studies and investigating operational solutions in these areas is very necessary and important. This research, with an applied purpose and qualitative approach, has used reliable sources such as books, treatises, articles and related documents to examine and explain the theories of the subject and has benefited from comprehensive, detailed and cooperative reports and studies related to urban development. Also, this research has also used Maxqda software analysis tool. The findings show that among the different financing approaches and methods, combined and interest bonds are more compatible with the social, economic and cultural conditions of Iran's cooperatives. Creation of appropriate laws in the field of cooperatives should also be considered from the point of view of financing strategies. Preparing the financial plan and solving the economic issues of urban development plans is a part of the economic activities of the city that guarantees the implementation of the plans. Also, the revenue sources of municipalities are one of the main means of providing financial resources for the implementation of urban and regional development plans in Iran. In addition, the use of cooperatives as one of the modern means of financing and capital market, in connection with municipalities and urban management institutions, can be proposed as the main solution for the challenges of financing urban development plans and their realization.
منابع
آقامیری، حمیده سادات؛ و فنی، زهره. (1403). تحلیل تأثیر نوع تعاونی روستا-شهری بر توسعه پایدار منطقه ای (مورد مطالعاتی: تعاونی های فعال خوانسار، استان اصفهان). پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی، 56(2)، 1-16. https://doi.org/10.22059/jhgr.2023.349657.1008552
براتی، ناصر؛ حیدری، فردین؛ و ستارزاد فتحی، مانی. (1398). به سوی فرایندی دموکراتیک در برنامهریزی و طراحی شهری؛ ارزیابی وضعیت مداخلۀ شهروندان در برنامهها و پروژههای شهری ایران. باغ نظر، 16(76)، 5-20. https://www.bagh-sj.com/article_93430.html
پوراحمد، احمد؛ حاتمی نژاد، حسین؛ و حسینی، سیدهادی. (1385). آسیب شناسی طرح های توسعه شهری در کشور. پژوهشهای جغرافیایی، 38(58)، 167-180. https://journals.ut.ac.ir/article_18097.html
تقوا، محمدرضا؛ رودساز، حبیب الله؛ و رضائی نژاد، محمدرضا. (1400). بررسی عوامل تأثیرگذار بر تأمین مالی تعاونیهای سهامی سرمایهگذار (مورد مطالعاتی: گروه تعاونی پیشگامان کویر یزد). سیاست نامه علم و فناوری، 11(4)، 27-44. https://stpl.ristip.sharif.ir/article_22533.html
حیدری، محمدتقی؛ احمدپور، ایوب؛ تیلکوی بگه جان، فاطمه؛ و حقی، یعقوب. (1401). پایش چالش های موثر بر عملکرد تعاونیهای مسکن در تولید مسکن شهری با رویکرد آینده پژوهی. آمایش فضا و ژئوماتیک، 26(1)، 141-172. https://hsmsp.modares.ac.ir/article_14712.html
دانشور، مریم. (1400). آشکارسازی مؤلفه¬های فرایند تهیه و تصویب طرح¬های توسعه شهری با استفاده از تحلیل موقعیت چند سطحی بررسی موردی: طرح¬های توسعه شهری مشهد، نامه معماری و شهرسازی، نامه معماری و شهرسازی، 14(32)، 91-110. https://doi.org/10.30480/aup.2021.3376.1719
رضایی، ناصر؛ ماجدی، حمید؛ زرآبادی، زهراسادات (سعیده)؛ و ذبیحی، حسین. (1397). تبیین نقش عوامل مؤثر بر تحقق پذیری طرح های توسعه شهری (مطالعه موردی: شهر شیراز). پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری، 9(34)، 47-57. https://jupm.marvdasht.iau.ir/article_3128.html
عبدالله زاده، غلامحسین؛ شریفزاده، محمدشریف؛ حسینی نیا، غلامحسین؛ حیدری، علی قلی. (1398). برنامهریزی راهبردی توسعه نظام ترویج تعاون در ایران. تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران، 50(2)، 311-332. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijaedr.2019.254606.668581
علینژاد، علی. (1396). ارزیابی و تحلیل نقش تعاونیهای مسکن در پراکنش شهری (مطالعه موردی: شهر ارومیه). پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد رشته جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری گرایش برنامهریزی مسکن، دانشکده جغرافیا و برنامهریزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز.
کیانی زاده، حسین؛ طریقی، سمانه؛ و فرخی، مازیار. (1394). بازار سرمایه و تامین مالی شهرداری ها، نشریه اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری، 7(24)، 42. https://www.magiran.com/paper/citation?ids=1511186
مجیدیراد، جلال. (1395). بررسی و تحلیل نقش تعاونیهای مسکن در توسعه مسکن شهر ایلام. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، موسسه آموزش عالی باختر ایلام.
موسوی، میرحسین؛ خوشکلام خسروشاهی، موسی؛ و احمدی، راضیه. (1401). امکانپذیری تأمین مالی پروژههای مربوط به انرژیهای تجدیدپذیر از طریق مشارکت عمومی – خصوصی (PPP) در اقتصاد ایران. پژوهش های برنامه و توسعه، 3(1)، 7-41. https://www.journaldfrc.ir/article_154666.html
وزارت مسکن و شهرسازی (1385). برنامهریزی استراتژیک توسعه شهری، شرکت طرح و نشر پیام سیما، تهران.
References:
Abdollahzadeh, A., Sharifzadeh, M., Hosseinia, H., & Heydari, A. (2019). Strategic planning for the development of the cooperative extension system in Iran. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 50(2), 311–332. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijaedr.2019.254606.668581 [In Persian]
Aghamiri, H. S., & Fanni, Z. (2024). Analysis of the effect of the type of rural-urban cooperatives on regional sustainable development (Case study: Active cooperatives of Khansar, Isfahan province). Human Geography Research, 56(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.22059/jhgr.2023.349657.1008552 [In Persian]
Ahluwalia, I. J. (2017). Urban governance in India. Journal of Urban Affairs, 41(1), 83–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2016.1271614
Alinejad, A. (2017). Evaluation and Analysis of the Role of Housing Cooperatives in Urban Sprawl (Case Study: Urmia City). Master's Thesis in Geography and Urban Planning, Housing Planning Orientation, Faculty of Geography and Planning, University of Tabriz, Tabriz. [In Persian]
Anggraeni, S., & Maulana, H. (2022). THE TRANSFORMATION OF CONVENTIONAL COOPERATIVES INTO SHARIA SAVING AND FINANCING COOPERATIVES (KSPPS): Study on KSPPS Tunas Artha Mandiri, Banjarsari-Ciamis. Syari'ah Economics, 6(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.36667/se.v6i1.1165
Barati, N., Heidari, F. and Sattarzad Fathi, M. (2019). Towards a Democratic Process in Urban Planning and Design; Assessing the Status of Citizens’ Involvement in Urban Plans and Projects in Iran. The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar, 16(76), 5-20. doi: 10.22034/bagh.2019.135523.3627
Chen, Y. (2020). Financialising urban redevelopment: Transforming Shanghai’s waterfront. Land Use Policy, 112, 105126–105126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105126
Chen, Y. (2020). Financialising urban redevelopment: Transforming Shanghai’s waterfront. Land Use Policy, 112, 105126–105126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105126
Colenbrander, S., & Barau, A. (2019). Planning and financing urban development in the context of the climate crisis. International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development, 11(3), 237–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/19463138.2019.1673529
Cristian, D. (2014). Culture, Sustainable Urban Development And Urban Regeneration. Revista Economica, 66(6), 23–38. https://ideas.repec.org/a/blg/reveco/v66y2014i6p23-38.html
Daneshvar, M. (2021). Revealing the Components of the Process of Preparation and Approval of Urban Development Plans Using Multi-Level Situation Analysis Case Study: Mashhad Urban Development Plans. Journal of Architecture and Urban Planning, 14(32), 91-110. https://doi.org/10.30480/aup.2021.3376.1719 [In Persian]
Feng, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. (2022). changing roles of the state in the financialization of urban development through chengtou in china. regional studies, 56(8), 1259-1270. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1900558
Hao, Z., & Wang, Y. (2023). Evaluation of socio-economic-ecological environmental benefits of urban renewal projects based on the coupling coordination degree. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(19), 56946–56968. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26284-y
Heidari, M. T., Ahmadpour, A., Tilkui Beghe Jan, F., & Haghi, Y. (2022). Monitoring the effective challenges on the performance of housing cooperatives in the production of urban housing with a futures research approach. The Journal of Spatial Planning and Geomatics, 26(1), 141-172. https://hsmsp.modares.ac.ir/article_14712.html[In Persian]
Hepburn, C., Qi, Y., Stern, N., Ward, B., Xie, C., & Dimitri Zenghelis. (2021). Towards carbon neutrality and China’s 14th Five-Year Plan: Clean energy transition, sustainable urban development, and investment priorities. Environmental Science and Ecotechnology, 8, 100130–100130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ese.2021.100130
Irmadariyani, R., Roziq, A., & Aprillianto, B. (2022). prediction model of murabahah financing performance in sharia cooperative. https://repository.unej.ac.id/xmlui/handle/123456789/106455
Jamshidzadeh, E., & Mafakherian, S. A. (2019). Urban regeneratıon in Iran: Towards a better approach. Journal of Urban Regeneration and Renewal, 12(3), 218–226. https://ideas.repec.org/a/aza/jurr00/y2019v12i3p218-226.html
Jiang, Y., & Waley, P. (2021). Financialization of urban development in China: fantasy, fact or somewhere in between? Regional Studies, 56(8), 1271–1281. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1932792
Kiani Zadeh, H., Tarighi, S., & Farrokhi, M. (2015). Capital Market and Financing of Municipalities, Journal of Economics and Urban Planning, 7(24), 42. https://www.magiran.com/paper/citation?ids=1511186 [In Persian]
Klink, j. (2023). do financial models reshape un-cooperative cities? on urban founder’s profit and collaborative-communicative planning in times of austerity. urban studies, 60(2), 213-237. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980221096039
Koetter, T., Sikder, S. K., & Weiss, D. (2021). The cooperative urban land development model in Germany - An effective instrument to support affordable housing. Land Use Policy, 107, 105481–105481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105481
Loon, J. V., Stijn Oosterlynck, & Aalbers, M. B. (2018). Governing urban development in the Low Countries: From managerialism to entrepreneurialism and financialization. European Urban and Regional Studies, 26(4), 400–418. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969776418798673
Lorenc, T., Felix, L., Petticrew, M., Melendez-Torres, G. J., Thomas, J., Thomas, S., O’Mara-Eves, A., & Richardson, M. (2016). Meta-analysis, complexity, and heterogeneity: a qualitative interview study of researchers’ methodological values and practices. Systematic Reviews, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0366-6
Majidirad, J. (2016). Study and analysis of the role of housing cooperatives in housing development in Ilam city. Master's thesis, Geography and Urban Planning, Ilam Western Institute of Higher Education. [In Persian]
Ministry of Housing and Urban Development (2006). Strategic Urban Development Planning, Payam Sima Design and Publishing Company, Tehran. [In Persian]
Mousavi, M. H. , Khoshkalam Khosroshahi, M. and Ahmadi, R. (2022). Feasibility of Financing Renewable Energy Projects through Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in the Economy of Iran. Program and Development Research, 3(1), 7-41. https://www.journaldfrc.ir/article_154666.html?lang=en [In Persian]
Niavand, A., Salarzehi, H., & tash, M. N. S. (2014). a study of strategic role of chabahar free zone on tourism industry development using swot model in iran. international journal of academic research in business and social sciences, 4(2), 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v4-i2/618
O’brien, P., & Pike, A. (2019). ‘deal or no deal?’governing urban infrastructure funding and financing in the uk city deals. urban studies, 56(7), 1448-1476. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098018757394
O’Brien, P., O’Neill, P., & Pike, A. (2019). Funding, financing and governing urban infrastructures. Urban Studies, 56(7), 1291–1303. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098018824014
Pourahmad, A., Hataminejad, H., & Hosseini, S. H. (2006). Pathology of urban development plans in Iran. Geographical Research, 38(58), 167–180. https://sid.ir/paper/435429/fa [In Persian]
Reyes, A., Novoa, A. M., Borrell, C., Carrere, J., Pérez, K., Gamboa, C., Daví, L., & Fernández, A. (2022). Living Together for a Better Life: The Impact of Cooperative Housing on Health and Quality of Life. Buildings, 12(12), 2099. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12122099
Rezaei, N., Majedi, H., Zeraabadi, Z. S., & Zabihi, H. (2018). Explaining the role of influential factors on the feasibility of urban development plans (Case study: Shiraz City). *Urban Research and Planning*, 9(34), 47–57. https://sid.ir/paper/220391/fa [In Persian]
Robinson, J., Harrison, P., Shen, J., & Wu, F. (2020). Financing urban development, three business models: Johannesburg, Shanghai and London. Progress in Planning, 154, 100513–100513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2020.100513
Sedlitzky, R., & Franz, Y. (2019). What if we all chip in?'civic crowdfunding as alternative financing for urban development projects. built environment, 45(1), 26-44 https://doi.org/10.2148/benv.45.1.26
Shahmohammadi, A., Taghipourzahir, A., Azizi, N. and Ebrahimzadeh, I. (2018). A Critical Reflection of the Appraisal Indicators of Distance Education Systems: A Meta-Synthesis. Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences, 9(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijvlms.68103
Shava, E., & Hofisi, C. (2019). cooperatives as strategies of local economic development in the city of tshwane. journal of contemporary management, 16(2), 23-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35683/jcm18028.0025
Shepherd, E., & Wargent, M. (2023). Embedding the land market: Polanyi, urban planning and regulation. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 56(3), 905-926. https://sage.cnpereading.com/paragraph/article/?doi=10.1177/0308518X231203484
Sisson, P. (2024). Can co-op development be a housing crisis solution? The American Institute of Architects. https://www.aia.org/aia-architect/article/can-co-op-development-be-housing-crisis-solution
Taghva, M., Roudsaz, H. & Rezaeinejad, M. (2021). Investigating the factors affecting the financing of investor share cooperatives (case study: Pishgaman Kavir Yazd Group). Science and Technology Policy Letters, 11(4), 27-44. https://stpl.ristip.sharif.ir/article_22533.html?lang=en [In Persian]
The Guardian. (2024). 'What if we built our own?': Young Amsterdammers fight housing crisis with cooperative build. https://www.theguardian.com/news/article/2024/may/14/what-if-we-built-our-own-young-amsterdammers-fight-housing-crisis-with-cooperative-build
Ward, C. (2021). Land financialisation, planning informalisation and gentrification as statecraft in Antwerp. Urban Studies, 59(9), 1837–1854. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980211028235
Wu, F. (2022). Land financialisation and the financing of urban development in China. Land Use Policy, 112, 104412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104412
Yang, L., Luo, X., Ding, Z., Liu, X., & Gu, Z. (2022). Restructuring for Growth in Development Zones, China: A Systematic Literature and Policy Review (1984–2022). Land, 11(7), 972. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11070972
Yazdani, K., & Bagheri, R. (2023). The capacities of the cooperative sector in financing urban development: A case study of Mashhad. National Conference on the Role of Cooperatives in Sustainable Urban Economy, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.
Zhang, F., & Wu, F. (2021). Financialised urban development: Chinese and (South-)East Asian observations. Land Use Policy, 112, 105813–105813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105813
Zhang, M., & Zhao, P. (2021). Literature review on urban transport equity in transitional China: From empirical studies to universal knowledge. Journal of Transport Geography, 96, 103177–103177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103177
Zhu, H., Zhu, P., Gao, X., Chen, Y., Wei, M., & Praveen Maghelal. (2023). Fiscal Trap of Chinese Urban Redevelopment: How to Escape from the Illusion of Incremental Ldr Provision? https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4575716