Effect of phytosterol and Bacillus coagulant probiotic in reducing blood cholesterol
Subject Areas : microbiology
Maryam Arjomandi far
1
(Masters Student, Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran Iran)
Bahareh Pakpour
2
(Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Physiology and Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran Iran)
Rahebeh Amiri Dehkharghani
3
(Associate Professor, Department of chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran Iran)
Keywords: Bacillus coagulants, Phytosterol, male NMRI, Cholesterol,
Abstract :
Target and background: In recent years, many studies have been conducted on high-risk factors for some blood lipids, which can lead to the development of cardiovascular diseases. The most important goal of this study is to investigate the effect of phytosterol and Bacillus coagulant probiotic on the reduction of blood cholesterol in adult rats. Material and Methods: 40 Male NMRI mice with a weight of 25-30g were used .The mouse were divided into 5 groups of 8, including: control group, HCD group (1% of the weight of the food consumed cholesterol diet), Experimental group 1 (daily, in addition to cholesterol diet, 0.1g of phytosterol Experimental group 2 (daily, in addition to cholesterol diet, 0.2g of Bacillus coagulant bacteria plus animal oil was gavaged), Experimental group 3 (daily, in addition to cholesterol diet, 0.1g combination of phytosterol and Bacillus coagulants probiotic were digested with germicidal oil). Sperry samples were taken from the blood samples at the end of the experiments, and cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL blood samples were measured and. Results: Cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. Conclusion: According to the above results, it can be said that phytosterol and Bacillus coagulant probiotic simultaneously decrease blood lipids, and therefore, it is recommended to use this pump.
Ivanova EA, Myasoedova VA, Melnichenko AA, Grechko AV, Orekhov AN. Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein as Biomarker for Atherosclerotic Diseases. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. Volume: 2017, Article ID: 1273042.
Ghazanfari Z, Alizadeh SM, Azizzadeh Furozi M, Ramazani M. Prevalence of coronary artery diseases risk factors in kerman .Iran JCrit Care Nurs. 2010; 3(1): 29-32.
Zou Y, Lu Y,Wei D. Hypocholesterolemic Effects of a Flavonoid - Rich Extract of Hyperium preforatum L. in Rats fed a Cholesterol-Rich Diet .J Agric Food Chem. 2005; 53(7): 2462-66.
Garjani A, Fathiazad F, Zakhrjoo A, et al. The effect of total extract of Securigera securidaca L. seeds on serum lipid profiles, antioxidant status ,and vascular function in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Ethnopharm. 2009;126(3): 525 -32.
Zhao SP, Wu ZH, Hong SC, Ye HJ, Wu J. Effect of atorvastatin on SR-BI expression and HDL- induced cholesterolefflux in adipocytes of hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Clin Chim Acta. 2006; 365(1-2): 119-124.
Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Moore PK. Pharmacology. Churchilllivingstone publish Ltd, London, 2003: 390-92
Anal AK, Singh H. Recent advances in microencapsulation of probiotics for industrial applications and targeted delivery. Trends in Food Science and Technology. 2007; 18: 240-251.
Sarles, WB, Hammer BW. Observation on Bacillus coagulans. J.Bacteriol. 1932; 23:
301-314.
Furmer S, Lefkowitz AR. Methods for reducing cholesterol using Bacillus coagulans spores. Systems and composition. 1999; 84: 214-236.
Trnslated F, Ebrahimi M. And Khojajar L. Molecular identification of probiotic lactobacilli isolated from traditional cabbage and turmeric bacilli based on sequencing. Journal of Cellular Biotechnology. 1390; 10(2): 61-68. [ In Persian]
Furmer S, Lefkowitz AR. Methods for reducing cholesterol using Bacillus coagulans spores. Systems and composition. 1999; 84: 214-236.
Dunn- Emke S,Weidner G, Ornish D. Benefits of a low - fat plant based diet. Obesity Research. 2001; 9(11): 731.
Piironen V, Lampi AM. Occurrence and levels of phytosterols in foods. In: Dutta PC, editor. Phytosterols as functional food components and nutraceuticals. Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, 2004: 2.
Noakes M, Clifton PM, Doornbos AME,Trautwein EA. Plant sterol ester enriched milk and yoghurt effectively reduces serum cholesterol in modestly hypercholerolemic subjects. European Journal of Nutrition. 2005; 44: 214-222.
Jones PJ,Vanstone CA, Raeini Sarjaz M. St - Onge MP: Phytosterols in low - and nonfat beverages as part of a controlled diet fail to lower plasma lipid levels .J Lipid Res. 2003; 44: 1713-1719.
Huang MT, Badmaev V, Ding Y, et.al. Anti-tumor and anti-carcinogenic activities of triterpenoid, Betaboswellic acid . Biofactors. 2000; 13: 225-30.
Howell TJ, Macdougall DE, Jones PJ. Photosterols partially explain differences in cholesterol metabolism caused by corn of olive oil feeding. J lipid res. 1998; 39(4):
892- 900.
David L, Nelson Michael M. Lehninger principle of biochemistry. Sunders company, Philadelphia, 2000: 770-816.
Faggiotto A, Ross R, Harker L. Studies of hypercholesterolemia in the nonhuman primate, In: changes that lead to fatty streak formation. Arteriosclerosis. 1994; 4: 323-340.
Emefa M, Blank G, Holley R, Zawistowski J. Phytosterol Effects on Milk and Yogurt Microflora. Journal of Food science. 2008; 73(3): M121-M126.
Ormrod DJ, CC Holmes, TE Miller. Dietry Chitosan Iinhibits Hypercholesterolemia and Atherogenesis in the Apolipoprptein E- deficient Mouse Model of Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 1998; 138(2): 329-334.
Liong M, Shah N. Acid and bile tolerance and cholesterol removal ability of lactobacilli strains. Journal of dairy science. 2005; 88(1): 55-66.
Liong M, Shah N. Roles of probiotics and prebiotics on cholesterol: The hypothesized mechanisms. Nutrafoods. 2005; 4: 45-57.
Lye HS, Kuan CY, Ewe JA, Fung WY, Liong MT. The improvement of hypertension by probiotics: effects on cholesterol, diabetes, renin, and phytoestrogens. International journal of molecular sciences. 2009; 10(9): 3755-75.
Fabian E, Elmadfa I. Influence of daily consumption of probiotic and conventional yoghurt on the plasma lipid profile in young healthy women. Annals of nutrition and metabolism. 2006; 50(4): 387-93.
_||_Ivanova EA, Myasoedova VA, Melnichenko AA, Grechko AV, Orekhov AN. Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein as Biomarker for Atherosclerotic Diseases. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. Volume: 2017, Article ID: 1273042.
Ghazanfari Z, Alizadeh SM, Azizzadeh Furozi M, Ramazani M. Prevalence of coronary artery diseases risk factors in kerman .Iran JCrit Care Nurs. 2010; 3(1): 29-32.
Zou Y, Lu Y,Wei D. Hypocholesterolemic Effects of a Flavonoid - Rich Extract of Hyperium preforatum L. in Rats fed a Cholesterol-Rich Diet .J Agric Food Chem. 2005; 53(7): 2462-66.
Garjani A, Fathiazad F, Zakhrjoo A, et al. The effect of total extract of Securigera securidaca L. seeds on serum lipid profiles, antioxidant status ,and vascular function in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Ethnopharm. 2009;126(3): 525 -32.
Zhao SP, Wu ZH, Hong SC, Ye HJ, Wu J. Effect of atorvastatin on SR-BI expression and HDL- induced cholesterolefflux in adipocytes of hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Clin Chim Acta. 2006; 365(1-2): 119-124.
Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Moore PK. Pharmacology. Churchilllivingstone publish Ltd, London, 2003: 390-92
Anal AK, Singh H. Recent advances in microencapsulation of probiotics for industrial applications and targeted delivery. Trends in Food Science and Technology. 2007; 18: 240-251.
Sarles, WB, Hammer BW. Observation on Bacillus coagulans. J.Bacteriol. 1932; 23:
301-314.
Furmer S, Lefkowitz AR. Methods for reducing cholesterol using Bacillus coagulans spores. Systems and composition. 1999; 84: 214-236.
Trnslated F, Ebrahimi M. And Khojajar L. Molecular identification of probiotic lactobacilli isolated from traditional cabbage and turmeric bacilli based on sequencing. Journal of Cellular Biotechnology. 1390; 10(2): 61-68. [ In Persian]
Furmer S, Lefkowitz AR. Methods for reducing cholesterol using Bacillus coagulans spores. Systems and composition. 1999; 84: 214-236.
Dunn- Emke S,Weidner G, Ornish D. Benefits of a low - fat plant based diet. Obesity Research. 2001; 9(11): 731.
Piironen V, Lampi AM. Occurrence and levels of phytosterols in foods. In: Dutta PC, editor. Phytosterols as functional food components and nutraceuticals. Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, 2004: 2.
Noakes M, Clifton PM, Doornbos AME,Trautwein EA. Plant sterol ester enriched milk and yoghurt effectively reduces serum cholesterol in modestly hypercholerolemic subjects. European Journal of Nutrition. 2005; 44: 214-222.
Jones PJ,Vanstone CA, Raeini Sarjaz M. St - Onge MP: Phytosterols in low - and nonfat beverages as part of a controlled diet fail to lower plasma lipid levels .J Lipid Res. 2003; 44: 1713-1719.
Huang MT, Badmaev V, Ding Y, et.al. Anti-tumor and anti-carcinogenic activities of triterpenoid, Betaboswellic acid . Biofactors. 2000; 13: 225-30.
Howell TJ, Macdougall DE, Jones PJ. Photosterols partially explain differences in cholesterol metabolism caused by corn of olive oil feeding. J lipid res. 1998; 39(4):
892- 900.
David L, Nelson Michael M. Lehninger principle of biochemistry. Sunders company, Philadelphia, 2000: 770-816.
Faggiotto A, Ross R, Harker L. Studies of hypercholesterolemia in the nonhuman primate, In: changes that lead to fatty streak formation. Arteriosclerosis. 1994; 4: 323-340.
Emefa M, Blank G, Holley R, Zawistowski J. Phytosterol Effects on Milk and Yogurt Microflora. Journal of Food science. 2008; 73(3): M121-M126.
Ormrod DJ, CC Holmes, TE Miller. Dietry Chitosan Iinhibits Hypercholesterolemia and Atherogenesis in the Apolipoprptein E- deficient Mouse Model of Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 1998; 138(2): 329-334.
Liong M, Shah N. Acid and bile tolerance and cholesterol removal ability of lactobacilli strains. Journal of dairy science. 2005; 88(1): 55-66.
Liong M, Shah N. Roles of probiotics and prebiotics on cholesterol: The hypothesized mechanisms. Nutrafoods. 2005; 4: 45-57.
Lye HS, Kuan CY, Ewe JA, Fung WY, Liong MT. The improvement of hypertension by probiotics: effects on cholesterol, diabetes, renin, and phytoestrogens. International journal of molecular sciences. 2009; 10(9): 3755-75.
Fabian E, Elmadfa I. Influence of daily consumption of probiotic and conventional yoghurt on the plasma lipid profile in young healthy women. Annals of nutrition and metabolism. 2006; 50(4): 387-93.