Screening and molecular identification of actinomycetes producing biosurfactant with properties Antimicrobial and biofilm inhibition against pathogenic bacteria

Subject Areas : microbiology

Soheil Aghaei ^{1 *} , Fatemeh Talebi Darabi ² , Seyyed Ali Rezaie ³

1 - Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
2 - MSc, Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
3 - Instructor, Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran

Received: 2023-08-25 Accepted : 2024-07-08 Published : 2024-01-31

Keywords: antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, actinomycetes, biosurfactant, pathogenic bacteria.,

Abstract :

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to isolate and identify molecularly native actinobacteria that produce biosurfactant with antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity against some pathogenic bacteria.

Materials and methods: initial screening was done based on oil dispersion test and the best isolate was selected. Ethyl acetate solvent was used for extraction. Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties were evaluated using the well diffusion method in agar
and 96-well microplate, respectively. FTIR and GC-MS techniques were used for biosurfactant analysis. Finally, the superior isolate was identified using the molecular PCR method.

Findings: Biosurfactant of the superior isolate showed the highest and lowest antimicrobial effect at concentrations of 0.4 and 0.3 mg/ml against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The highest and lowest anti-biofilm effects against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria were observed at concentrations of 2 mg/ml. Structural analysis of biosurfactant with FTIR and GC-MS confirmed the structure of amino acid ring with chain of fatty acids and lipopeptide type. The selected isolate was 95% similar to Streptomyces genus and B1AY species.

Conclusion: The local isolate of Streptomyces has a remarkable ability to produce biosurfactant with antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects against pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and can be used in the field of pharmaceutical biotechnology.

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