Isolation and Identification of Cellulose-Degrading Bacteria and Fungi (Ferments Cellulose) in Qom province corn silos

Subject Areas : biology

Kaveh ill saadatmand ¹ , محمد دخیلی ^{2 *} , ُS.soheil aghaee ³

1 -
2 - دانشگاه آزاد،قم،ایران
3 - Department of Microbiology, Qom branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran

Received: 2025-02-22 Accepted : 2025-03-25 Published : 2025-04-02

Keywords: Cellulase enzyme, Aspergillus, Bacillus, Corn silage, Cellulose,

Abstract :

Lignocellulose is the main constituent of plant biomass in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, which makes up about half of the material produced by photosynthesis. It contains three types of polymers, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. A large variety of fungi and bacteria can cleave these macromolecules by hydrolysis or enzymatic oxidation. This research mainly aims to isolate and identify fungal and bacterial agents of fermenting (cellulose decomposer) of corn silage. Corn silage samples were collected from Qanavat city (Qom province, Iran). The samples were first enriched to isolate microorganisms, bacteria isolated on synthetic solid medium and fungi isolated on PDA-enriched medium. Bacteria and fungi producing cellulase enzyme were cultured by Gram's Iodine method, Congo-Red staining, and on PDA medium containing 5% by volume of carboxymethylcellulose. respectively, Morphological and biochemical identification was performed for the isolates. All bacterial isolates producing cellulase belonged to the Bacillus genus and the rest of the bacterial isolates did not produce cellulase enzyme. Also, all isolated fungal samples produced cellulase enzyme, the best strain belonging to Aspergillus fumigatus. The diversity and production of cellulase enzyme by fungal isolates was more than bacterial isolates. Also, the best fungal isolates showed twice the ability of cellulase enzyme production and consumption of carboxymethylcellulose compound. It can be concluded that fungi are better decomposers than bacteria for cellulase production and industrial use.

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