Number 29 Volume 9

Open Access Article

1 - Identification of effective traits on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) root yield under rhizoctonia natural infection condition
حیدر عزیزی

In order to identify the effective traits on root yield and also determine the cause and effect of the relationship between them, 20 different sugar beet cultivars in a RCB design with four replications for 11 important quantitative and qualitative traits including root More

In order to identify the effective traits on root yield and also determine the cause and effect of the relationship between them, 20 different sugar beet cultivars in a RCB design with four replications for 11 important quantitative and qualitative traits including root yield, sugar yield, sugar content, white sugar content, extraction coefficient of sugar, a-amino nitrogen, sodium, potassium, alkalinity and molasses sugar were evaluated. The results of analysis of variance showed that the difference between studied cultivars for amino nitrogen (a-N) all traits were significant at the 0.05 probability level and for other traits was important at the 0.01 probability level. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation for most traits were high, indicating relatively high variability in studied cultivars for evaluated traits. Correlation coefficients between traits showed that there was the most negative and significant correlation between root yield trait with sugar content (-0.62), whit sugar content (-0.53), alkalinity coefficient (-0.52), potassium (-049), sodium (-0.45) and also molasses sugar content (-049) traits, and the most positive and significant correlation with sugar yield (0.95) and extraction coefficient of sugar (0.58) traits, respectively. In multiple regression analysis by stepwise method, sugar content, amino nitrogen and alkalinity coefficient traits were entered into model, respectively, that explained 82 percent of root yield variations. Based on path analysis results, amino nitrogen (0.35) and white sugar content (-0.31) traits had the most and positive direct effect with root yield and thus , selection based on the mentioned traits can help us achieve high-yielding genotypes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The Effect of Cropping Pattern and the Sources of Nitrogen Supply on the Cultivating Traits and Maize Yield 704
فهيمه ميرزايي sasan rezadust

To study the impact of cropping pattern on the sources of nitrogen supply on cultivating traits and the maize yield and its components, a factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in three replications in 1395 in Poldasht. The first factor w More

To study the impact of cropping pattern on the sources of nitrogen supply on cultivating traits and the maize yield and its components, a factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in three replications in 1395 in Poldasht. The first factor was the cropping pattern in three levels (65*22 , 55*25 , and 45*31). Second factor was nitrogen fertilizer in four levels (control , nitroxin , super nitroplus and urea ). The impact of these factors were studied on cropping traits, the functional elements, seed yield and the harvest index. The results indicated the significant effect of cropping pattern and nitrogen levels on the farming traits. The highest shrub height was attained from cropping pattern of 55*25 and the last one from the cropping pattern of 65*22. The interactive impact of nitroxin with cropping pattern of 55*22 had the most plant length and the diameter of the stalk. The attained results from the comparison of the effects of cropping pattern and the application of fertilizer on the element treatments showed that the highest ear weight (0.17kg), the area of corn leaf (391.6 cm), the number of ears (1.3), the number of seed in the ear (462.7) and the seed function (9329kg per hectare) was related to the cropping pattern of 55*25. The results of the comparison of interactive effects on the experimental factors showed that the highest treatment index (% 41.8) in the cropping pattern 55*25 condition was attained by application of nitroxin fertilizer. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The effect of plant density and nitrogen levels on the yield and yield components of maizecultivar (KSC 700) in moderate region of Kermanshah.
فرهاد صادقی

In order to evaluate the effect of planting density and nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of maize cultivar (KSC 700), an experiment was conducted with four plots (69, 77, 85 and 93 thousand plant ha-1 ) and three sub-plot (150, 250 and 350 nitroge More

In order to evaluate the effect of planting density and nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of maize cultivar (KSC 700), an experiment was conducted with four plots (69, 77, 85 and 93 thousand plant ha-1 ) and three sub-plot (150, 250 and 350 nitrogen kg ha-1). The research was carried out in split plot experiment based on RCBD with 3 replications in research station of Islam Abad. The measured traits were included plant height and ear, seed number per row, row number per ear, 100 seed weight, seed weight per plant, ear weight and grain yield. Analysis of variance indicated that the effect of plat density was significant on 100 seed weight and ear weight at probability level of 1% and for plant height, the number of seeds per row, row number and grain yield per plant at 5% probability level. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer was meaningful on weight traits at 1% probability level for 100 seed weight, number of seeds per row, grain yield per plant at 5% probability level. The grain yield of four plant density had 9441, 12050, 10740 and 8098 kg ha-1 , and nitrogen fertilizer had 9362, 10140 kg ha-1, respectively. The treatment of 77000 pha-1 X 350 kgha-1 of nitrogen was significant at five percent level for more characters such as number of kernels per row, number of rows, seed weight and seed grain yield with 43.3, 18.5, 32.2 gr and 12870 kgha-1, respectively. Also grain yield of 77000 pha-1 X 250 kgha-1 on nitrogen treatment was better than the other treatments with 12260 kgha-1 . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Effect of Plant Density and Weed Control Methods on Vegetative and Reproductive Characteristics and Yield of Kidney Bean
محمد كاظم عليلو

An appropriate plant density and weed control method is highly influential factor in the production of kidney beans with high yield. To examine the effects of plant density and weed control methods on vegetative and reproductive characteristics and yield of kidney beans More

An appropriate plant density and weed control method is highly influential factor in the production of kidney beans with high yield. To examine the effects of plant density and weed control methods on vegetative and reproductive characteristics and yield of kidney beans, the Research Center of Agriculture in Khoy –W. Azarbaijan conducted a factorial experiment in the form of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications from 2018 to 2019. In this study plant density at three levels of 20, 25 and 30 plants per square meter, and weed control methods at four levels of non-control, selective herbicide (bentazon ), manual control and application of general herbicide (paraquat) were chosen. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between plant density and weed control methods and lateral branches, number of pods per plant , grain yield, biological yield and protein yield; however there was no meaningful relationship between plant density and weed control methods and other characteristics such as plant height and the percentage of grain protein. The highest grain and biological yield were obtained at a planting density of 30 plants per square meter and manual weeding; afterwards, the manual weeding was followed at 3391 and 15275 kg/ha respectively and the highest percentage of grain protein at a density of 20 plants per square meter together with manual weeding was obtained at the level up to 24.8 %. The results also indicated that the manual control method was relatively effective and proved to be better than all other methods, with the consequence that herbicides by themselves were not effective in controlling weeds of kidney beans. Production of grain yield with a maximum density of 30 plants per square meter indicated that a positive response of kidney beans to the high density of the plants. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The effect of foliar application of fertilizers with growth stimulants and micronutrients on yield and yield components of two corn cultivars
فرزاد جلیلی

To investigate the foliar application of fertilizers, containing growth stimulants and micro-nutrients on the yield and yield components of two maize cultivars, a field experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications.The More

To investigate the foliar application of fertilizers, containing growth stimulants and micro-nutrients on the yield and yield components of two maize cultivars, a field experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications.The first factor consisted of two levels of maize cultivar (Single Cross 704 and Maxima), and the second one included the foliar application of fertilizers containing growth stimuli at five levels (Brexil Combi , Azomin , Eliqzer , Bio-20 Gold and No consumption). Analysis of variance showed that most of the studied traits including plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of stem and leaf, number of grains per row, total number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, protein percentage and seed yield were affected by different fertilizer treatments. Also, the effect of cultivar on all traits except stem diameter and grain protein percentage was significant. The highest plant height (315.1 cm), 1000 kernel weight (271.2g), grain yield (12.9 t/ha) and protein yield (1.96 t/ha) were obtained from Bio-20 gold fertilizer. The highest percentage of grain protein with 10.38 units was related to foliar application of azomin. Among the maize cultivars, hybrid single-crop 704 with 12.75 ton/ha had the highest grain yield. Interaction between fertilizer treatments and maize cultivars showed that the highest grain yield ( 13.57 t/ha) was related to the application of Bio-20 gold fertilizer on maize cross 704 was related to the use Eliqzer growth stimulator in Maxima cultivar. Therefore, according to the obtained results, application of Bio-20 Gold and Single cross 704 maize with highest grain yield for foliar application and cultivation in the area is recommended Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Inoculation Seed with Biofertilizers On the Morpho-physiological Traits and Enzymatic Properties of Chickpea in Winter and Spring Cultivation
عزيز حسين زاده

To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and inoculation of chickpea seed with bio-fertilizers on morphophysiological traits on yield and yield components of chickpea under winter and spring cultivation conditions, a factorial experiment was conducted in randomized co More

To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and inoculation of chickpea seed with bio-fertilizers on morphophysiological traits on yield and yield components of chickpea under winter and spring cultivation conditions, a factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015 crop season on a field in Oshnaviyeh, W. Azarbaijan. The first factor consisted of sowing date at two levels of winter and spring, the second factor was inoculation with bio-fertilizer (control and inoculated with bio-fertilizer) and the third one was nitrogen fertilizer (0, 2.5 and 5 g m-2). The results showed that spring culture had higher catalase activity, higher photosynthesis rate and transpiration content and lower proline content compared to winter sowing. Seed inoculation with risotchic pi significantly increased proline content and catalase activity compared to control, the highest amount of peroxidase activity was observed in the combination of seed with risocchic pi and spring planting. The highest amount of proline and catalase activity was recorded in 5 g m-2 nitrogen fertilizer application. The highest relative water content and peroxidase activity were attributed to the combination of 2.5 g m-2 N fertilizer in spring cultivation. Also, spring cultivation and seed inoculation with Risocchic pi had the highest peroxidase activity. Finally, the winter planting with consumption of 5 g of nitrogen per m2 had the highest biological yield and the lowest photosynthetic water use efficiency and inoculation with Risocchic pi. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The effect of Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and mycorrhizal fungi along with humic acid on agronomic characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)
علی نصرالله زاده اصل

For the aim of sustainable agriculture and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, the experiment carried out by using of Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and mycorrhizal fungi and humic acid on agronomic characteristics and seed yield of sunflower. This experiment was More

For the aim of sustainable agriculture and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, the experiment carried out by using of Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and mycorrhizal fungi and humic acid on agronomic characteristics and seed yield of sunflower. This experiment was conducted in Chaypareh city in 2018. The experiments carried out using factorial design based on Randomized Complete Block design with three replications and two factors. The factors were as follows: The first factor humic acid in two levels (control and humic acid 10 kg.ha-1) and Second factor phosphateh fertilizer in six levels (control, Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer, mycorrhizal fungi, Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi, Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi + 100 kg.ha-1 super phosphate triple and 200 kg.ha-1 super phosphate triple). The results showed that the effect of humic acid was significant on plant height, head diameter, Number of seed per head, 100-seed weight, seed yield and harvest index were significant. The maximum grain yield (2439.98 kg. ha-1) was obtained from experiment treatment of humic acid. The effect of phosphateh fertilizer on plant height, steam diameter, head diameter, Number of seed per head, 100-seed weight and seed yield were significant. The maximum seed yield 2789.6 kg.ha-1 was obtained from experimental treatments Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi + 100 kg.ha-1 super phosphate triple. According to the results of this experiment, using Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi could reduce 50% super phosphate triple Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Evaluation Of Salicylic Acid Pretreatment On Germination And Seedling Growth Characteristics On Medicinal Plant Of Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa L.) under salt stress
فرشاد سرخی

Black cumin is used medicinally as a decongestant, regularizer, laxative, anti -constipation and sexual enhancer in men. It is also used in the treatment of cancer, diabetes, and ulcers . Salinity stress could decrease seed germination and growth of plants. It has been More

Black cumin is used medicinally as a decongestant, regularizer, laxative, anti -constipation and sexual enhancer in men. It is also used in the treatment of cancer, diabetes, and ulcers . Salinity stress could decrease seed germination and growth of plants. It has been found that salicylic acid as endogenous growth regulator of natural phenolic compounds that cause to reduce negative effects of the salt stress on different aspects of plant life. The current research was carried out to evaluate probable positive effects of salicylic acid on the germination and initial growth properties of Nigella Sativa when put with salinity stress. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted of factorial experiment in a randomized complete design in four replications. Treatments consisted of salicylic acid levels of 0, 0.2, 0.6 and 1 mm and salinity stress of 0, 100, 150, and 200 mm. The results indicated that salinity stress decreased germination percentage, rate of germination, radical and plumule length and seedling dry weight. The greatest effect of root/shoot ratio was obtained in concentration of 200mm salt stress. While salicylic acid increased the germination percentage, germination rate, root length, shoot length, seedling dry weight and root/shoot ratio under salt stress and non-stress. Most of these traits were observed at concentration of 1 mm salicylic acid. According to the results of seed priming by salicylic acid in regions with salt stree can increase the resistance of Nigella sativa seeds in the germination stage and initial seedling growth Manuscript profile

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