Evaluation of Embryonic Development in Yellow Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus fulvus) and Electrophoresis Comparison of Serum and Cytogenetic Proteins of TheseSquirrels with Gray Squirrels (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus) (Mammalia: Rodentia) in Iran
Subject Areas :
1 - Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universityof Zanjan, Zanjan. Iran
Keywords:
Abstract :
Inroduction & Objective: Among the squirrel family (Sciuridae), the yellow ground squirrel (Spermophilus fulvus) has the longest summer sleep. Summer sleep of these squirrels begins in late winter and continues until late February. The aim of the present study was Evaluation of Embryonic Development in Yellow Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus fulvus) and Electrophoresis Comparison of Serum and Cytogenetic Proteins of TheseSquirrels with Gray Squirrels (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus) (Mammalia: Rodentia) in Iran. Material and Method: In this project, a large number of babies were collected from several nests in May, and their development was examined in the laboratory.In this way, it was found that these squirrels give birth once a year, with 5-7 babies per calving.48 squirrels (28 males and 20 females) were collected from northeastern Iran (Mashhad and Bojnourd), western Iran (Kurdistan, Hamedan, Qazvin, and Zanjan), and northeastern Iran (Pīr Aḩmad Kandī, Kelisay-e Kandy, and Nadu village) to identify the species of ground squirrel (Spermphilus).The globulin and albumin proteins of all samples were first tested using the SDP-PAGE technique. Results: According to the results, in the sedimentary range of globulin proteins (G = Globulin), the samples collected from northeastern and western Iran formed 5 electrophoretic bands and those collected from northwestern Iran formed 11 electrophoretic bands.Besides, in the sedimentary range of albumin proteins (A = Albumin), the samples collected from northeastern and western Iran formed only one electrophoresis band and those collected from northwestern Iran formed 4 electrophoretic bands.During the karyological studies according to the method proposed by Ford and Hamerton, karyotypes were obtained from bone marrow cells to confirm the results of electrophoresis studies on the distribution of two of these squirrels in the collection areas in Iran.The results indicated that the karyotype of the samples collected from northeastern Iran (Mashhad) and western Iran (Qazvin, Hamedan, Zanjan, and Kurdistan) had 36 diploid chromosomes (2n = 36) and that the karyotype of the samples collected from northwestern Iran (Mako) had 42 diploid chromosomes (2n = 42). Conclusion: According to the results of electrophoresis and karyological methods, among ground squirrels, Sprmophilus fulvus species are distributed in northeastern and western Iran and Spermophilus xanthoprymnus species are distributed in northwestern Iran.
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