Subject Areas :

Received: 2017-12-14 Accepted : 2018-08-11 Published : 2018-08-23

Keywords:

References:

1.Afshar, M., Hasanzadeh, MM., Mo'allem, A., Tamizi, A., Golalipour, J. (2010). Comparative study of teratogenic effects of gabapentin administration via peritoneum and gavages on skeletal system of mice fetuses using alizarin-red S and Alcian-blue Staining Techniques. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences, 16(68); 7-18.

2.Ariyuki, F., Ishihara, H., Higaki, K., Yasuda, M. (1982). A study of fetal growth retardation in teratological tests: relationship between body weight and ossification of the skeleton in rat fetuses. Teratology‚ 26(3); 263-7.

3.Arnone, D. (2005). Review of the use of topiramate for treatment of psychiatric disorders. Annals of general psychiatry‚ 4(1); 5-10.

4.Attilakos, A., Papakonstantinou, E., Schulpis, K., Voudris, K., Katsarou, E., Mastroyianni, S. (2006). Early effect of sodium valproate and carbamazepine monotherapy on homocysteine metabolism in children with epilepsy. Epilepsy Res‚ 71(2-3); 229-32.

5.Biale, Y., Lewenthal, H. (1984). Effect of folic acid supplementation on congenital malformations due to anticonvulsive drugs. Eur J ObstetGynecolReprodBiol‚ 18(4); 211-6.

6.Chung, S., Ahn, C. (1994). Effects of anti-epileptic drug therapy on bone mineral density in ambulatory epileptic children. Brain and Development‚ 16(5); 382-5.

7.Dansky, LV., Rosenblatt, DS. (1992). Andermann E. Mechanism of teratogenesis: folic acid and antiepipleptic therapy, 42(5); 32-42.

8.De Jong, J., Garne, E., Wang, H. (2016). The Risk of specific congenital anomalies in relation to newer antiepileptic drugs: a literature review. Drugs-real world outcomes‚ 3(2); 131-43.

9.Dutta, S. (2015). Human teratogens and their effects: a critical evaluation. Information Research and Review, 2(3); 525-536.

10.Eadie, MJ., Vajda, FJ. (2016). Antiepileptic Drugs and Pregnancy. Springer International Publishing.

11.Fadel, RA., Sequeira, RP., Abu-Hijleh, MF., Obeidat, M., Salem, AH. (2012). Effect of prenatal administration of therapeutic doses of topiramate on ossification of ribs and vertebrae in rat fetuses. Rom J Morphol Embryol‚ 53(2); 321-7.

12.Greco, A., Rizzo, MI., De Virgilio, A., Conte, M., Gallo, A., Attanasio, G. (2016). Autoimmune epilepsy. Autoimmunity Reviews‚ 15(3); 221-5.

13.Harden, CL. (2014). Topiramate, zonisamide and small for gestational age: maternal factors, timing of exposure and baby fat. Epilepsy Currents‚ 14(4); 199-200.

14.Hernández-Díaz, S., Mittendorf, R., Smith, CR., Hauser, WA., Yerby, M., Holmes, LB. (2012). Comparative safety of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. Neurology‚ 78(21); 1692-9.

15.Hoy, SM. (2016). Topiramate extended release: a review in epilepsy. CNS Drugs‚ 30(6); 559-66.

16.Katzung, BG., Masters, SB., Trevor, AJ. (2011). Basic & clinical pharmacology. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.

17.Kaufman, M.‚ Brad, JL. (1999). The anatomical basis of mouse development. USA: Academic Press.

18.Kramer, CK., Leitao, CB., Pinto, LC., Canani, LH., Azevedo, MJ., Gross, JL. (2011). Efficacy and safety of topiramate on weight loss: a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obesity Reviews‚12(5);e338-47.

19.Kreindler, JJ., Slutsky, J., Haddad, ZH. (1980). The effect of food colors and sodium benzoate on rat peritoneal mast cells. Annals of Allergy‚ 44(2); 76-81.

20.Lancaster, PA. (2011). Causes of birth defects: lessons from history. Congenital Anomalies, 51(1); 2-5.

21.Lehninger, AL., Nelson, DL., Cox, MM. (2005). Lehninger's Principles of Biochemistry. W. H Freeman.

22.Lu, FC., Kacew, S. (2002). Lu's Basic toxicology: fundamentals, target organs and risk assessment. CRC Press.

23.Mackenzie, KM.‚ Hour, RM. (2002). Developmental toxicology. In: Derelanko‚ M. J‚ (Ed)‚ Handbook of Toxicology, P; 497-521.

24.Morrow, J., Russell, A., Guthrie, E., Parsons, L., Robertson, I., Waddell, R. (2006). Malformation risks of antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy: a prospective study from the UK epilepsy and pregnancy register. Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry‚ 77(2); 193-8.20.

25.Naegel, S., Obermann, M. (2010). Topiramate in the prevention and treatment of migraine: efficacy, safety and patient preference. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat‚ 6; 17-28.

26.Narotsky, MG., Rogers, JM. (2000). Examination of the axial skeleton of fetal rodents. Developmental Biology Protocols, Volume I; 139-50.

27.Nau, H. (1986). Valproic acid teratogenicity in mice after various administration and Phenobarbital-pretreatment regimens: The parent drug and not one of the metabolites assayed is implicated as teratogen. Fundamappl Toxicol, 6(4); 662-68.

 

28.Öhman, I., Vitols, S., Luef, G., Söderfeldt, B., Tomson, T. (2002). Topiramate kinetics during delivery, lactation, and in the neonate: preliminary observations. Epilepsia‚ 43(10); 1157-60.

29.Ornoy, A., Zvi, N., Arnon, J., Wajnberg, R., Shechtman, S., Diav-Citrin, O. (2008). The outcome of pregnancy following topiramate treatment: a study on 52 pregnancies. Reproductive Toxicology‚ 25(3); 388-9.

30.Palmieri, C., Conger, R. (2002). Teratogenic potential of the newer antiepileptic drugs. CNS drugs16(11); 755-64.

31.Pinto, EC., Dolzan, MD., Cabral, LM., Armstrong, DW., de Sousa, VP. (2016). Topiramate: A review of analytical approaches for the drug substance, its impurities and pharmaceutical formulations. Chromatographic Science‚ 54(2); 280-90.

32.Rafighdoost,L., Khaiatzadeh, J., Tabrizian, K., Mahjoor, A.A., Abootorabi, A. (2012). Role of Folic acid on the reduction of topiramate- induced craniofacialdeformities in Balb/c mic fetuses. zabol university of medical Sciences and Health Services, 4(2); 61-72.

33.Reddy, DS. (2014). Clinical pharmacology of current antiepileptic drugs. Int J Pharm Sci Nanotech‚ 7(1); 2305-19.

34.Sadler, TW. (2011). Langman's medical embryology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

35.Saxen, L. (1976). Mechanisms of teratogenesis. Embroyology and Experimental Morphology‚ 36; 1-12.

36.Shank, RP., Gardocki, JF., Streeter, AJ., Maryanoff, BE. (2000). An overview of the preclinical aspects of topiramate: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and mechanism of action. Epilepsia‚ 41(s1); 3-9.

37.Siessere, S., Semprini, M., Lopes, RA., Azoubel, R., Sala, MA., Mattos, MG. (2004). Phenytoin action in the lingual mucosa of rat fetuses: morphometric study. Int. J. Morphol‚ 22(2); 149-54.

38.Singh, AM. (2008). Topiramate induced histopathological changes in placenta of rats. Experimental Biology‚ 46; 715-9.

39.Sram, RJ., Binkova, B., Lnenickova, Z., Solansky, I., Dejmek, J. (2005). The impact of plasma folate levels of mothers and newboms on intrauterine growth retardation and birth weight. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 591(1-2); 302-10.

40.Sucheston, ME., Hayes, TG., Eluma, FO. (1986). Relationship between ossification and body weight of the CD‐1 mouse fetus exposed in utero to anticonvulsant drugs.Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis‚ 6(6); 537-46.

41.Tyl, RW., Chernoff, N., Rogers, JM. (2007). Altered axial skeletal development. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology‚ 80(6); 451-72.