Investigation of gene expression related to stress in native and cross breed sheep

Subject Areas :

Neda Ruh bakhsh ¹ , nemat hedayat evrigh ² , Reza Seyed sharifi ³ , Mir Darioush Shakouri ⁴

1 - University of Mohaghegh Ardabili-Ardabil-Iran
2 - Associate Professorin Animal Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran 2- Assistant Professors, Animal Science
3 - Associate Professorin Animal Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science and Food Industry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

Received: 2021-02-16 Accepted : 2021-05-20 Published : 2021-06-22

Keywords: Gene expression, Stress, Native Sheep, Crossbred Sheep,

Abstract :

Inroduction & Objective: Increasing in temperature and drying of pastures cause water and nutritional stress to animals. In this study, resistance control genes in crossbred and native sheep were examined. Material and Methods: In this study, ten cross of Romanov native male lambs and ten purebred male native lambs in 4 treatments and 5 replications in each group were used. They are divided into two groups with normal and water restriction condition. At the end of the experiment, liver tissue samples were collected from slaughtered animals and it was kept in liquid nitrogen, to investigation of gene expression whole RNA was extracted and purified and the cDNA was synthesis. In the end Real Time PCR reaction were performed using specific primers.  For statistical analysis we used randomized design as factorial analysis method using SAS 9.2. Results: By extracting the genes, it was found that the expression of GPX1, TFAM, SIRT3, PRKAA1, NRT2 genes increased under stress in native sheep compared to crossbred sheep.Conclusion: The expression of GPX1, TFAM, NRF2, SIRT, PKAA1 genes in the liver of two groups of native and crossbred in normal and stress conditions indicate that Under stress, these four groups of genes act as oxidative process and store energy and prevent energy loss and protect the cell. Due to the genetic compatibility of native sheep with the drought conditions of the region, it makes the animal more resistant to heat and disease.

References:

1.Alamer, M. (2010). Effect of water restriction on thermo regulation and some biochemical constituents in lactating Aardi goats during got weather conditions. Scientific Journal of King Faisal  University (Basic and Applied Sciences), 11; 189-205.

2.Anderson, R.M., Barger, J.L., Edwards, M.G., Braun, K.H., O'Connor, C.E., Prolla, T.A. (2008). Dynamic regulation of PGC-1alpha localization and turnover implicates mitochondrial adaptation in calorie restriction and the stress response. Aging Cell 7; 101–111.

3.Barbour, E., Rawda, N., Banat, G., jabber, l., Sleiman, F.T., Hamadeh, S. (2005). Comparison of immunosuppression in dry and lactating awassi ewes due to water deprivation stress. Veterinary Reserch Communication, 29; 47-60.

4.Bonawitz, N. D., Clayton, D. A., Shadel, G. S. (2006). Initiation and beyond: multiple functions of the human mitochondrial transcription machinery. Mol. Cell, 24; 813–825.

5.Burrin, D.G., Britton, R.A., Ferrell, C.L. (1988). Visceral organ size and hepatocyte metabolic activity in fed and fasted rats. J. Nutr., 118; 1547–1552.

6.Carling, D., Thornton, C., Woods, A. (2012). AMP-activated protein kinase: new regulation, new roles? Biochem. J., 445; 11–27. 

7.Chen, Y., Luo, H. Q., Sun, L. L., Xu, M. T., Yu, J., Liu, L. L. (2018). Dihydromyricetin attenuates myocardial hypertrophy induced by transverse aortic constriction via oxidative stress inhibition and SIRT3 pathway enhancement. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(9); 2592.‏

8.Crispe, IN. (2009). The liver as a lymphoid organ. Annu Rev Immunol., 27; 147–63.

9.Drouillard, J.S., Ferrell, C.L., Klopfenstein, T.J., Britton, R.A. (1991). Compensatory growth following metabolizable protein or energy restrictions in beef steers. J. Anim. Sci., 69; 811–818.

10.Dumas, J.F., (2004). Food restriction affects energy metabolism in rat liver mitochondria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1670; 126–131.

11.Dodson, M., de la Vega, MR., Cholanians, AB., Schmidlin, CJ, Chapman, E., Zhang, DD. ( 2019). "Modulating NRF2 in disease: timing is everything". Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology., 59; 555–575.

12.Ekaterina, M., Myasnikova, M. M. (2011). Mechanisms of gap gene expression canalization in the Drosophila blastoderm. Article number:118 doi.org/10.1186/1752-0509-5-118.

13.Equils, O., Singh, S., Karaburun, S., Lu, D. (2005). Intra uterine growth restriction downregulates the hepatic toll like receptor-4 expression and function. Clin Dev Immunol., 12; 59–66.

14.Feng, Q., Shao, M., Han, J., Tang, T., Zhang, Y., Liu, F. (2020). TFAM, a potential oxidative stress biomarker used for monitoring environment pollutants in Musca domestica. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 155; 524-534.

15.Frisc, J.E., Vercoe, J. E. (1977). Food intake, eating rate, weight gains, metabolic rate and efficiency of feed utilization in Bos taurus and  Bos. Indicus Crossbred Cattle, 25(3); 343-358.

16.Guo-Min Z., Ting-Ting, Z. (2018). Effect of caloric restriction and subsequent re-alimentation on oxidative stress in the liver of Hu sheep. Ram Lambs., 237; 68–77.

17.Higgins, J.A. (2014). Resistant starch and energy balance: impact on weight loss and maintenance. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 54; 1158–1166.

18.Marai, I.F.M., El-Darawany, A.A., Fadiel A., Abdel-Hafez, M.A.M. (2007). Physiological traits as affected by heat stress in sheep—A review. Small Ruminant Research, 71;1–12.

19.Mehmet, T., Castro, T., Mantecon, A.R., Jimeno, V. (2006). Effects of palm oil and chemical body composition of lambs. Journal Animal Feed Science and Technology, 127; 175-186.

20.Mezzina, M., Reyes, A., D’Errico, I., Gadaleta, G. (2002). Characterization  of the TFAM gene and identification of a processed pseudogene in rat. Gen, 286; 105-112.

21.Pasini, A. F., Stranieri, C., Ferrari, M., Garbin, U., Cazzoletti, L., Mozzini, C. (2020). Oxidative stress and Nrf2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from COPD patients: an observational longitudinal study. Respiratory Research, 21(1); 37.

22.Peserico, D., Stranieri, C., Garbin, U., Mozzini C, C., Danese, E., Cominacini, L., Fratta Pasini, A. M. (2020). Ezetimibe prevents ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and up-regulates Nrf2/ARE and UPR signaling pathways. Antioxidants, 9(4);349.

23.Picca, A., Fracasso, F., Pesce, V., Cantatore, P., Joseph, AM. (2012). Age- and calorie restriction-related changes in rat brain mitochondrial DNA and TFAM binding. Dordr: AGE., . doi:10.1007/s11357-012-9465-z Sep 4 .

24.Sajadimajd, S., Khazaei, M. (2018). Oxidative stress and cancer: the role of Nrf2. Current cancer Drug Targets, 18(6); 538-557.

25.Silanikove, N. (1994). The struggle to maintain hydration and  osmoregulation in animals experiencing severe dehydration and rapid rehydration: the story of ruminants. Exp. Physiol. 79; 381-400.

26.Silanikove, N. (2000). The physiological basis of adaptation of goats to  scarcity of food and water in harsh environments Small Rumin. Res., 35; 181–193.

27.Sun, Q., Yang, Y., Wang, Z., Yang, X., Gao, Y., Zhao, Y. (2020). PER1 interaction with GPX1 regulates metabolic homeostasis under oxidative stress. Redox biology, 37;101694.

28.Van Remmen, H., Sabia, Qi, W., Freeman, M., Estlack, G., Yang, L., Mao Guo, H. (2004). Multiple deficiencies in antioxidant enzymes in mice result in a compound increase in sensitivity to oxidative stress. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 36; 1625–1634.

29.Vitaly, V., Gursky, L. P. (2011). Mechanisms of gap gene expression canalization in the Drosophila blastoderm. Gursky. BMC Systems Biology, 5; 118,

30.Wigner, P., Synowiec, E., Jóźwiak, P., Czarny, P., Bijak, M., Białek, K. (2021). The Effect of chronic mild stress and escitalopram on the expression and methylation levels of genes involved in the oxidative and nitrosative stresses as well as tryptophan catabolites pathway in the blood and brain structures. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(1); 10.

31.Wu, Z., Oeck, S., West, A. P., Mangalhara, K.C., Sainz, A. G., Newman, L. E. (2019). Mitochondrial DNA stress signalling protects the nuclear genome. Nature Metabolism, 1(12); 1209-1218.