Causal model of emotional divorce tendency based on satisfaction of basic needs, level of differentiation mediated by perceptions of spouse's self-sacrificing behaviors

Subject Areas : Woman and Society

Gelareh Jalili ¹ , Yahya Yarahmadi ² , Farzad Zandi ³

1 - Ph.D. Student, Department of Psychology, Sanandaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Sanandaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Ghorveh branch, Islamic Azad University, Ghorveh, Iran.

Received: 2022-07-31 Accepted : 2023-01-21 Published : 2023-01-21

Keywords: emotional divorce, Satisfaction of Basic Needs, Level of Differentiation, Perception of Sacrificing Beha,

Abstract :

The purpose of this study was the causal model of emotional divorce tendency based on the satisfaction of basic needs, the level of differentiation with the mediation of the perception of self-sacrificing behaviors of the spouse.The purpose of the current research is of an applied type and its implementation method is descriptive of the correlation type.The statistical population included all couples(normal households of men and women) of Kermanshah city. From among them, 384 people(192 couples) were selected as the sample size from different areas of the city, according to Morgan's table. Data were collected using emotional divorce questionnaires of Guttman (1999), the satisfaction of basic psychological needs of Guardia, Desi and Ryan (2000), the differentiation level of Drake(2011) and the perception of self-sacrificing behavior of the spouse(PSBM) of Harper and Figures(2008). The results of the data using Pearson correlation statistical tests and structural equations showed: the indirect effect of the level of differentiation on emotional divorce through the perceptions of selfless behaviors of the spouse is equal to -0.111, the indirect effect of satisfying basic needs on emotional divorce through the perceptions of selfless behaviors Wife is equal to -0.197, also the direct effect of perceptions of selfless behaviors on emotional divorce is significant -0.362. Understanding the selfless behavior of the spouse is an important and influential factor in promoting mental health, and by identifying the factors along with proper planning, it is possible to reduce the emotional divorce and increase the basic psychological needs and the level of differentiation.

References:

1. Rasheed A, Amr A, Fahad N. Investigating the Relationship between Emotional Divorce, Marital Expectations, and Self-Efficacy among Wives in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 2021, 62(1), 19-40.

2. Kawach N. In Saudi who is blamed for high divorce rates? Emirates 24/7 News. http:// www.emirates247.com/news/region/in-saudi-who-is-to-blame-forhigh-divorce-rates-2012- 03-20-1.449351.

3. Gottman JM. The marriage clinic: A scientifically-based marital therapy. WW Norton & Company. 1999.

4. La Guardia JG, Ryan RM, Couchman CE, Deci EL. Within-person variation in security of attachment: a self-determination theory perspective on attachment, need fulfillment, and well-being. Journal of personality and social psychology, 2000, 79(3), 367.

5. Drake JR. Differentiation of self inventory-short form: creation and initial evidence of construct validity (Doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri--Kansas City). 2011.

6. Harper JM, Figuerres KS. Perception of sacrifice scale. Unpublished measure. Brigham Young University, Provo, UT. 2008.

7. Shiri MA, Ghanbaripanah A. Predict marital conflicts and emotional divorce based on‎ the character strengths among spouses. International Journal of Fundamental Psychology and Social Sciences (IJFPSS),2016, 6(2), 15-22.

8. Patten K, Campbell S. Neuro emotional literacy program: Does teaching the function of affect and affect regulation strategies improve affect management and well-being?. Themes in Science and Technology Education, 2017, 9(2), 93-108.

9. Mohammadi B, Bahadoran Baghbadrani Sh, Vahid Dastjerdi M. In examining the relationship between emotional intelligence and emotional divorce of employee couples. Fourth International Conference on Management Research and Humanities in Iran, Tehran, Modger Management Research Institute.2018.

10. Shamsi Thani M, Shamsi Thani M. The relationship between divorce and emotional intelligence in pregnant women. International Conference on Psychology, Educational and Behavioral Sciences, Tehran. 2016.

11. Mirzakhani F, Khodadadi Sangdeh J, Nabipour AR. Marital factors affecting addiction among Iranian women: a qualitative study. Journal of Substance Use, 2019, 25 (1) , 28-33.

12. Deci EL, Ryan RM. Overview of self-determination theory: An organismic dialectical perspective, In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Handbook of self-determination research (pp. 3-33) New York: University of Rochester Press. 2002

13. Deci EL, Ryan RM. Levels of analysis, regnant causes of behavior and well-being: The role of psychological needs. Psychological Inquiry, 2011, 22(1), 17-22.

14. Koole SL, Schlinkert C, Maldei T, Baumann N. Becoming who you are: An integrative review of self‐determination theory and personality systems interactions theory. Journal of personality, 2019, 87(1), 15-36.‏

15. Besharat M, Hooshmand S, Rezazadeh S, Gholamali Lavasani M. The moderating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction on the relationship between parenting styles and children's marital satisfaction. Journal of Family Psychology, 2021, 2(1), 15-28.

16. Naemi A. Relationship between basic  psychological needs satisfaction with  resilience and marital satisfaction in  teachers. International Journal of  Educational and Psychological Researches, 2018, 4(2): 78-83.

17. Grossmann I, Huynh AC, Ellsworth PC. Emotional complexity: Clarifying definitions and cultural correlates. Journal of personality and social psychology, 2016, 111(6), 895.

18. Willis K, Miller R B, Yorgason J, Dyer J.  Was  Bowen Correct? The Relationship between Differentiation and Triangulation. Contemporary Family Therapy, 1-11. 2020.

19. Buser TJ, Pertuit TL, Muller DL. Nonsuicidal self‐injury, stress, and self‐differentiation. Adultspan  ournal, 20219, 18(1), 4-16.

20. Van Lange PAM, Rusbult CE, Drigotas SM, Arriaga XM, Witcher BS, Cox CL. Willingness to Sacrifice in Close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1997, 72(2), 173-1395.

21. Khojasteh Mehr R, Kerachian M, Shirali Nia K. Mediating role of spouseâ s perception of sacrificing behaviors in the relationship between attachment styles and marital quality. Journal of Family Psychology, 2014, 1(2), 31-40.‏( Persian)

22. Hall M, Hall J. Sacrifice and marital satisfaction. Ideas and Research, 2011, 20, 1-5. ‏

23. Zhang H, Li T. The role of willingness to sacrifice on the relationship between urban Chinese wives’ relative income and marital quality. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 2015, 41(3), 314-324.‏

24. Rezaeian H, massumy S, hosseinian S. The study and comparison self-differentiation, communication patterns, and sexual satisfaction in divorce-seeking and normal couples. Biannual Journal of Applied Counseling, 2018, 7(2), 17-32. [Persian]

25. Safarzadeh S, Azizpoor P. Moderating Role of Perception of Equity and Sacrificial Behavior on Relationship of Spouse Intimacy with Marital Quality. Journal of Family Research, 2017, 12(3), 391-411. ]Persian[

26. Ahmadloo M, Zeinali A. Predicting of emotional divorce based on novelty seeking, negative perfectionism and insecure attachment among employed women of Urmia city. ioh. 2018, 15 (2), pp. 64-72. [Persain]

27. Ghorbani N, Watson PJ. Two facets of selfknowledge, big five؛ and promotion among Iranian managers. Journal of social behavior and personality: An International Journal, 2004, 32, 769-776.

28. Qhorbani N. Revision of the semantic bases of self-knowledge. Vice President of Research, University of Tehran. 2004, [Persian]

29. Skowron EA, Schmitt TA. Assessing interpersonal fusion: Reliability and validity of a new DSI fusion with others subscale. Journal of marital and family therapy, 2003, 29(2), 209-222.‏

30. Fakhari N, Latifian M, Etemd J. A Study of Psychometric Properties of the Executive Skills Scale for Pre-School Children (Parent Form). Quarterly of Educational Measurement, 2014, 4(15), 35-58. [Persian]

31. Kavand M, Khojasteh Mehr R, Sudani M. Investigating the Relationship between Sacrificing Behaviors, Sacrifice Motivations and Perception of Fairness with Marital Intimacy in Parents of Elementary School Students in Boroujerd, M.Sc. Thesis, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. 2011. [Persian]

32. Norton R. Measuring marital quality: A critical look at the dependent variable. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 1983. 141-151.

33. Vinzi VE, Trinchera L, Amato S. PLS path modeling: from foundations to recent developments and open issues for model assessment and improvement. Handbook of partial least squares, 2010, 47-82.‏

34. Fornell C, Larcker DF. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 1981, 18(1), 39-50.‏

35. Nunnally JC, Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

36. Davari A, Rezazadeh A. Modeling of structural equations with PLS software, Tehran: Jihad Davanghi. 2012.

37. Henseler J, Hubona G, Ray PA. Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: updated guidelines. Industrial management & data systems. 2016.

38. Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Hillside, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates. 1988.

39. Jafari Soltanabadi A, Monirpoor N, Mirzahouseini H. The Association of Couples' Feeling of Happiness with Differentiation of Self (DoS) and Early Object Relations with the Mediating Role of Religious Marital Satisfaction. Journal of Applied Family Therapy, 2021, 2(1), 159-176. [Persian]

40. Khan Mohamammadi Z, Bazzazian S, Amiri Majd, M, Ghamari M. Predicting emotional divorce based on psychological basic needs, marital expectations and family function. Ijfp, 2018, 5 (1) ,17-30 [Persian]

41. Kazemianmoghadam K, mehrabi zadeh honarmand M, Kiamanesh A. The casual relationship of differentiation, meaningful life, and forgiveness with marital disaffection by mediating role of marital conflict and marital satisfaction. Psychological Methods and Models, 2018, 9(31), 131-146. [Persian]

42. Rezaei A, Mirzadeh Kouhshahi F, Yaghoubi Taraki E. Couples’ Emotional Interactions and its Role in Emotional Divorce and Initiating for Divorce: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Family Research, 2017, 13(4), 585-604. [Persian]

43. Nishimura T, Suzuki T. Basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration in J apan: controlling for the big five personality traits. Japanese Psychological Research, 2016, 58(4), 320-331.

44. Diseth A, Samdal O. Autonomy support and achievement goals as predictors of perceived school performance and life satisfaction in the transition between lower and upper secondary school. Social Psychology of Education, 2014, 17(2), 269-291.

45 Niyazi M, Miri S, Afra H. A meta-analysis of studies on factors affecting emotional divorce in Iran society. Journal of Socio - Cultural Changes, 2020, 17(1), 179-195. ]Persian[

46 Khosravi J, Moradi O, Ahmadian H, Yoosefi N. The Causal Model of Emotional Divorce Trend Based on Self-Differentiation through Marital Affliction Mediation. Quarterly Journal of Women and Society, 2021, 12(46), 159-172.

47. Patrick H, Knee CR, Canevello A, Lonsbary C. The role of need fulfillment in relationship functioning and well-being: a self-determination theory perspective. Journal of personality and social psychology, 2007, 92(3), 434.

48. Bowen M. Family Therapy in Clinical Practice. New York (Aronson) 1978.‏