Psychological Approach To The Female Character In Shahnameh

Subject Areas : Persian the literature

Nasrin Davoudnia ¹ , Naser Sarraj Khoram ² , Ali Akbar Joula zadeh Ismaili ³

1 - Instructor of Farhangian University in Dezful, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Dezful, Iran.
2 - Islamic Azad University Dezful Branch, Department of Psychology, Dezful, Iran.
3 - Dezful Training and Education Administration, Department of Guidance and Counsaltance, Dezful, Iran.

Received: 2015-04-06 Accepted : 2015-10-08 Published : 2015-12-22

Keywords:

Abstract :

In general, there were about twenty women who played significant role in the Shahnameh, most of whom lived in the epic era. Among these women Tahmineh and Gordafarid could be mentioned since both were effective in the story of Rostam and Sohrab. This study was purposed to analyze these two characters, from the perspective of the Karen Horney and Sigmund Freud psychological approach. The findings of this research suggested that Tahmineh based on Horney's approach through extreme effort tried to overcome the need for safety and the basic anxiety by possessing Rastam as strong life partner. After Rostam death she retried to satisfy such needs by replacing  Sohrab instead of Rostam. But with the death of Sohrab not only did  not escape from her situation, but due to her failure to pass the stages of grief ultimately would faced early death. Gordafarid also seemed to be, according to Freud, her Electra complex caused incomplete formation of the superego, as a result of the use of simulation defense mechanism and women revenge against men trying to protest and overcome against male supremacy and to prove woman superioty. More importantly, she by fleeing the  male chauvinist look against women tried to escape from their femininity, even though the price was the negation of the basic feminine features. However, at the end of a return to his true character (using the female characteristics) was more successful in battle.

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