Role of Contemporary Iran and Palestine Poetesses In the Persistence and Resistance Literature

Subject Areas : Persian the literature

Mohammad  Arjestani ¹ (Islamic Azad University Varamin-Pishva Branch, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Varamin, Iran.)
Ashraf  Chegini ² (Islamic Azad University Varamin-Pishva Branch, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Varamin, Iran.)
Alireza  Gojezadeh ³ (Islamic Azad University Varamin-Pishva Branch, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Varamin, Iran.)

Received: 2021-06-21 Accepted : 2021-07-17 Published : 2021-09-23

Keywords: Iran, Palestine, Poetesses, Persistence and resistance literature,

Abstract :

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of contemporary Iranian and Palestinian poetesses in the persistence and resistance literature. The research universe included all the works of contemporary Iranian and Palestinian poetesses. The research sample subsumed the persistence and resistance literature of poetesses. The research design was descriptive-analytical. The data was obtained through library method and taking notes on index cards and based on pieces of poems by poetesses of Iran and Palestine. The issue of resistance and persistence was investigated and analyzed with themes such as struggle, patriotism, resistance and persistence, hostility toward enemy, martyr and martyrdom, etc. Findings showed that: the poetesses, by being influenced by the society circumstances and the consequences of political, social, cultural, etc. themes in their poems, had been able to obtain new experiences and achievements. And the result was the influential presence of contemporary poetesses, alongside with men combatants in the stronghold of poem and poetry in the field of resistance and persistence. Some elements of resistance and persistence in the poetry of Iranian and Palestinian women showed that they were able to play a wide and important role in their society through literature and poetry, and through it, to address the important issues of their country. The poems of Iranian and Palestinian female poets were considered as emotional and roaring themes of resistance and stability. The poets of both countries have considered their homeland dear and have also expressed their religious manifestations in their love for their homeland.

References:

Holy Quran

Alkayyali, Sh. (1988). Va Anqate’t Awtar Al-Samt [And the silence was broken]. Beirut: Arab Institute for Research & Publishing.

Alqalazin, S. (1988). A’erafat Al-Matohajeh [Glowing confessions]. Gaza-Palestine: General Union of Cultural Centers.

Asgarnezhad, M. (2012). The role of women in holy defense literature, a look at the book of woman in the mirror of holy defense poetry. Ketab Mah Adabiyat Monthly Publication, 66(1), 76-78. [Persian] URL: https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/915035/...

Beigi Habib Abadi, P. (2003). Everlasting epics (Holy defense in the poetry of poets). Tehran: Farhang Gostar. [Persian] URL:https://www.gisoom.com/book/1256406/...

Farshidvard, Kh. (2003). About literature and literary criticism. Tehran: Amirkabir Publication. [Persian] URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/1259003//

Ganem, A. (1983). Lezaman Siji’e [For a time he will come]. Amman: Jordanian Writers Association.

Ganem, A. (1993). Bayader Lelahm… Ya Sanabel [A dream come true... Oh Sanabel]. Amman: Ministry of Culture.

Ghaffari Jahed, M. (2007). The role of women in Holy Defense literature. Adabiyat Dastani Publication, 113(1), 42-47. [Persian] URL: http://ensani.ir/file/download/article/20120326160619-4005-596.pdf

Habash, Z. (1993). Qawli Leraml [Say to sand]. Qods: Daralkateb.

Habash, Z. (1994). Aljarh Al-falastini Va Baraa’am Al-dam [Palestinian wound and blood sprouts]. Qods: Daralkateb.

Habash, Z. (1996). La Taqoli Mat Ya Omi [Don't say you died mom]. Qods: Daralkateb.

Habash, Z. (1997). Hafaro Mozakerati Ala Jasadi [They engrave my memories on my body]. Ramallah: Phoenix Foundation for Renewal and Creativity.

Hadjaoui, S. (1988). Aghniyat Falastiniah [Palestinian songs]. Baghdad: Ministry of Media.

Kakaei, A. (2001). A comparative study of persistence literature in Iranian and world poetry. Tehran: Palizban Publication. [Persian]

Kamvar Bakhshayesh, J., Dadbeh, A., & Parvin Gonabadi, B. (2020). Historical-cultural conjunction of Holy Defense literature with persistence literature. Pajouheshhaye Naqd Adabi Va Sabkshenasi Publication, 3(1), 165-190. [Persian] URL: http://lit.iaushk.ac.ir/article_677253.html

Kashani, S. (2010). Majmou’e Asar Sepideh Kashani [Collection of Sepideh Kashani's works]. Tehran: Anjoman Qalam Iran. [Persian] URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/11049687//

Khodadadi, F., & Samizadeh, R. (2020). Structural Analysis of the persistence literature in educational and resistance genres. Adabiyat Paidari Publication, 12(23), 65-84. [Persian] URL: https://jrl.uk.ac.ir/article_2826.html?lang=fa

Mahbubi Shamili, S. (2021). A comparative study of persistence themes in the poems of Al-Qarmezi Al-Bahraini and Sepideh Kashani. Motale’at Adabiyat Publication, 7(1), 163-176. [Persian] URL: https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/

Mesbah, M. (1982). Sayedeh Al-Bara’em [The lady of the buds]. Beirut: Arab Institute for Research & Publishing.

Nemati, F. (2020). Discourse unity in the context of persistence literature; with reflection on contemporary Persian and Arabic poetry. Motale’at Adabiyat Tatbiqi Publication, 54(1), 355-355. [Persian] URL: http://clq.iranjournals.ir/article_675262.html?lang=fa

Rakei, F. (2007). Yesterday someone was with us. Tehran: The Institute for Compilation and Publication of Imam Khomeini’s Works. [Persian] URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/1430065/...

Safari, J., Amin, A., & Mousavi, S. H. (2008). A look at some religious categories and manifestations of religiosity in Saadi's works. Quarterly Journal of the Faculty of Literature and Humanities, 3(8 & 9), 125-154. [Persian] URL: http://ensani.ir/fa/article/265479/

Saffarzadeh, T. (2002). Illuminators of the way. Tehran: Barg Zeitoon Publication, First edition. [Persian]

Saffarzadeh, T. (2007). Resonance of awakening (excerpt of poetry). Tehran: Teka Publication, First edition. [Persian] URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/1629885/...

Shafiei Kadkani, M. (1991). Imaginary images in Persian poetry. Tehran: Agah Publication. [Persian] URL: https://www.agahbookshop.com/...

Shokri, Gh. (1987). Resistance literature. Translated by Mohammadhossein Rouhani. Tehran: Now Publication. [Persian] URL: https://www.gisoom.com/book/114534/...

Toqan, F. (1993). Ala’mal Al-Shariah Al-Kamelah [Complete Shariah works]. Beirut: Daralawdah.

Toqan, F. (2000). Diwan [Diwan]. Beirut: Daralawdah.

Vahidi, S. (1998). From the point of view of mirrors. Tehran: The Foundation for Preserving the Works and Propagating the Values of the Holy Defense. [Persian]

Vasmaghi, S. (1989). Rain prayer. Tehran: Amirkabir Publication, First edition. [Persian]