Femininity Representation in Parvin E'tesami 's Poetry Based on Elaine Showalter's theory (Psychological, Sociological, Biological and Linguistics Approach)

Subject Areas : Persian the literature

Mahdi Rostami ¹ , Zohreh Dehghani ²

1 - Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty Literature and Humanities, Salman Farsi University, Kazerun, Iran
2 - M.Sc. Graduate of Persian Language and Literature, Department of Persian Language and Literature , Faculty Literature and Humanities, Salman Farsi University, Kazerun, Iran

Received: 2023-03-18 Accepted : 2023-04-04 Published : 2023-06-22

Keywords: Parvin E'tesami, Femininity representation, Elaine Showalter,

Abstract :

The current research was purposed to study femininity representation in Parvin E'tesami 's poetry based on Elaine Showalter's theory i.e. psychological, sociological, biological and linguistics approach. The research universe encompassed Parvin E'tesami 's collected poetry. The sample encased all femininity related contents in Parvin E'tesami 's poetry. The research was designed as descriptive-analytical. The data was collected via library method. The results indicated; based on Showalter's quadruple model i.e., psychological, sociological, biological, and linguistic perspectives, it was determined. Parveen Etsami not only had a feminine language, but despite not having the experience of motherhood, one could get a sense of motherhood in her poems. In terms of psychology and psychoanalysis, E'tesami had characteristics and maternal feeling, attention and sympathy for women and love for wife. From a sociological and cultural point of view, she was concerned about improving the position of women in the society and encourages them to obtain higher positions. Linguistics of Etsami's poems showed more than anything the characteristic of her female writing. Only one of Showalter's models was not observed in E'tesami 's poetry and that was the biological approach. Many contemporary poets and writers had spoken about their female experiences and the experiences that are specific to their gender; but Etisami's modesty prevented her from using these features in her poems. Thus, no data according to this approach was observed in her court.

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