The Effectiveness of Process Management Strategies Of Excitement On The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Of Adolescent Girls With Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Subject Areas : Psychology

Maryam Movahedi ¹ , Shahnaz Khaleghipour ² , Jalal Vahabi Homabadi ³

1 - Islamic Azad University Najafabad Branch, Department of Psychology, Najafabad, Iran.
2 - Islamic Azad University Naein Branch, Department of Psychology, Naein, Iran.
3 - Islamic Azad University Branch Naein, Department of Psychology in Islam, Naein, Iran.

Received: 2017-08-15 Accepted : 2017-10-18 Published : 2017-12-22

Keywords: oppositional defiant disorder, girls, cognitive emotion regulation, process emotion management,

Abstract :

The present paper aimed to determine the effectiveness of process management strategies excitement on the cognitive emotion regulation of adolescent girls with oppositional defiant disorder. Three subjects were selected bypurposeful sampling method among all 14-to-18-year-old adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder from schools in the city of Najaf Abad in academic year of 2015-2016. This study was implemented within the framework of a single subject experimental design using multi-tiered base lines design. In this research method, the intervention began after baseline position, in 8 single-subject intervention sessions, the training of process management strategies of excitement, based on Gross model, was presented to the subjects and the subjects were followed up after one month in three consecutive months. The used tools in this research were Garnefski’s (2001) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, in which the subjects were assessed 11 times (4 times for baseline, 4 times for intervention and 3 times for follow-up). Data analysis was done through process change indexes, slope, and size of the effect, the Cohen's index and the ups-and-downs interpretation. The findings of this study showed that the desired intervention significantly reduced the subjects' scores on cognitive emotion regulation strategies and increased the adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies so that scores during the eight-session educational intervention had significant changes as compared with baseline. Review of the size of influence coefficient and the effectiveness charts also indicated that there were remarkable and significant effectiveness of intervention intensity for all three subjects in all studied variables. That is, the process management strategies of the excitement on the cognitive emotion regulation of adolescent girls with oppositional defiant disorder are effective.

References:

- پاکیزه ،علی و نظری ،مریم .(1394).بررسی تاثیر آموزش ذهن اگاهی و تنظیم هیجانی بر سلامت عمومی دانش آموزان دختر دبیرستانی شهرستان یاسوج.فصلنامه مرکز مطالعات و توسعه آموزش علوم پزشکی ،سال ششم،شماره 2، 159-164.

- حبیبی عسگرآباد، مجتبی؛ بشارت، محمد علی؛ فدایی، زهرا و نجفی، محمود.(1388).بررسی ساختار عاملی تاییدی، اعتبار و روایی مقیاس خودگزارشی مشکلات رفتاری نوجوانان ایشنباخ(YSR) :دو قلو های همسان و ناهمسان.مجله روانشناسی بالینی ،شماره1،  1- 18.

- حسنوند عمو زاده ،مهدی؛ حسنوند عمو زاده، علی ؛ حسنوند عمو زاده ، مسعود ؛ قدم پور، مصطفی .(1392)اثربخشی آموزش مهارت های مدیریت خشم بر اضطراب اجتماعی و مهارت خود نظم دهی خشم در پسران مضطرب اجتماعی دبیرستانی.دانش و پژوهش در روانشناسی کاربردی ،سال چهاردهم،شماره 4،(پیاپی 54)،ص 83-73.

- حسنی،جعفر.(1389).خصوصیات روان سنجی پرسشنامه نظم جویی شناختی هیجان.مجله روانشناسی بالینی،2(3)،83-73.

- حسنی،جعفر.(1390).بررسی اعتبار و روایی فرم کوتاه پرسشنامه نظم جویی شناختی هیجان.مجله تحقیقات علوم رفتاری،9(4)،240-229.

- عیسی زادگان ،علی ؛ میکائیلی منیع ،فرزانه ؛ قادر پور ،سیران ؛ شیخی ،سیامک و کارگر ،بهروز .(1393).اثر بخشی آموزش راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان توام با متادون بر بهبود کیفیت زندگی مردان با سوء مصرف مواد .مجله پزشکی ارومیه ،دوره 25، 425-434 .

- کاکابرایی،کیوان؛حبیبی عسگرآبادی،مجتبی وفدایی، زهرا. (1386). هنجاریابی مقیاس مشکلات رفتاری ایشنباخ (YSR) فرم خودگزارشی 18-11 سال کودک و نوجوان روی دانش اموزان مقطع متوسطه  استان کرمانشاه.مجله پژوهش در سلامت روانشناختی،1(4) 50- 66.

- نریمانی ،محمد؛ عالی ساری نصیرلو، کریم و عفت پرور ،سودا.(1393)،اثربخشی آموزش متمرکز بر هیجان بر راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان دانش اموزان آزار دیده عاطفی.دو فصلنامه مشاوره کاربردی،3(2)37-50.

- واحدی، شهرام؛ هاشمی، تورج و عینی پور، جواد.( 1392). بررسی رابطة کنترل هیجانی و تنظیم شناختی هیجان با باورهای وسواسی دانش آموزان دختر دورة متوسطة شهر رشت. فصلنامة تازه های علوم شناختی، سال 15 ،شماره 58، 63-71.

- Achenbach, T.M. (1991).Integrative guide for the 1991 CBCL/4-18, YSR, and TRF profiles. Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry.

- American Psychiatric Association. (2013).Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder Five Edition(DSM-5) .Washington, DC: USA.

- Bouchard, G., Guillemette, A., & Landry-Legar, N. (2004). Situational and dispositional coping: An examination of their relation to personality, cognitive appraisals, and psychological distress. European Journal Personality؛ 18: 221-38.

- Cartwright –Hatton, S., McNally, D., & White, C. (2005).Parenting skils training: An effective intervention for internalizing symptoms in younger children .Journal of Child and Adolescent psychiatric nursing, 18, 37-52.

- Dahl, R. E. (2001). Affect regulation, brain development, and behavioral/emotional health in adolescence. CNS Spectrums, 6(1), 1-12.

- Erikson, E.H. (1968). Identity: Youth and Crisis. New York: w.w.w. Norton & Company

- Frydenberg, E. (1997).Adolescent Coping. London: & New York. Oxford University Press.

- Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2001). Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems. Personality and Individual differences, 30(8), 1311-1327.

- Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2002). Manual for the use of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Leiderdorp, The Netherlands: DATEC.

- Garnefski, N., Teeds, j., kraaij, V., Legerstee, J., & Kommer, T. (2004).Cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms: Differences between males and females .Personality and Individual Differences, 25,603-11.

- Garnefski, N., & Kraaij, V. (2006) .Relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms: A comparative study of five specific samples. Personality and individual Differences؛ 40, 1659-1669.

- Garnefski, N., Koopman, H., Kraaij, V., & Cate, RT. (2009). Brief report: cognitive emotion regulation strategies and psychological adjustment in adolescents with a chronic disease. Journal Adolescence, 32: 449-54.

- Giuliani, N.R., & Gross, J.J., Reappraisal. In: Sander, D., Scherer, K.R. (2009). (Eds.), Oxford Companion to the Affective Sciences. Oxford University Press, New York, NY.

- Gross JJ.(1999).Emotion regulation: past, present, future. J of Cognitive and emotion.Vol:13,No:Pp: 551-573.

- Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2,271-299

- Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of personality and social psychology, 85(2), 348.

- Gross J. (2007) .Handbook of emotion regulation.1^st ed.American, New York: The Guilford Press, 42-43.

- Gross, J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Emotion regulation: Conceptual foundations. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of Emotion Regulation (pp. 3--24): Guilford Press.

- Hamilton, S.S., & Armando, J. (2008). Oppositional defiant disorder. American Family physician,78, 861-866.

- Harda , Y., Saitoh , K., Lida, J., Sakuma, A., Lwasaka, H., Imai, J., …& Amino, N. (2004).The reliability and Validity of the Oppositional defiant behavior inventory. Journal of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 13,185-190.

- Hooper, C. J., Luciana, M., Conklin, H. M., & Yarger, R. S. (2004). "Adolescents performance on the Iowa Gambling Task: implications for the development of decision making and ventromedial prefrontal cortex". Developmental Psychology, 40, 1148-1158.

- Kaufman, E. A., Puzia, M. E., Mead, H. K., Crowell, S. E., McEachern, A., & Beauchaine, T. P. (2016). Children's Emotion Regulation Difficulties Mediate the Association Between Maternal Borderline and Antisocial Symptoms and Youth Behavior Problems Over 1 Year. Journal of personality disorders, 1-23. doi:10.1521/pedi_2016_30_244

- Levenson RW. (1996).The intrapersonal functions of emotion .J of Cognitive and Emotion, 13, (5): 481-504.

- Oschner, KN., & Gross, JJ. (2005). The cognitive control of emotion. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 9(5), 242-249.

- Patel, V., Flisher, A.J., Hetrick, S, & McGorry P. (2007). Mental health of young people: a global public-health challenge, 369 (9569): 1302-13.

- Ronan, K. R., & Kendall, P. C. (1997). "Self - talk in distressed youth: states of mind and content specificity". Journal of Clinical child Psychology, 26, 330-337.

- Schoorl, J., van Rijn, S., de Wied, M., Van Goozen, S., & Swaab, H. (2016). Emotion Regulation Difficulties in Boys with Oppositional Defiant Disorder/Conduct Disorder and the Relation with Comorbid Autism Traits and Attention Deficit Traits. PLoS ONE, 11(7), e0159323.

- Spencer, T. J., Faraone, S. V., Surman, C. B., Petty, C., Clarke, A., Batchelder, H. . . . Biederman, J. (2011). Toward defining deficient emotional self-regulation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using the Child Behavior Checklist: a controlled study. Postgrad Med, 123(5), 50-59.

- Steiner, H.,& Remsing, L. (2007). “Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder”. Journal of the American academy of child and adolescent psychiatry, 46(1):126-41.

- Szasz، P.L.، Szentagotai، A.، & Hofman، S.G. (2011).The effect of emotion regulation strategies on anger. Behaviour Research and Therapy، 49(2) ،114-9.

- Troy, A.S. (2012).Cognitive Reappraisal Ability as a Protective Factor: Resilience to strass across time and context. Doctoral Dissertation of Philosophy. University of Denver.

- Utomo, H. B. (2015). Cognitive Emotion Regulation of Teacher to Encounter Children’s Antisocial Behavior.

- Verzeletti, C., Zammuner, V. L., Galli, C., & Agnoli, S. (2016). Emotion regulation strategies and psychosocial well-being in adolescence. Cogent Psychology(just-accepted).

- Webb, Thomas L., Miles, Eleanor & Sheeran, Paschal. (2012).Dealing with feeling: A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of strategies derived from the process model of emotion regulation.Psychological Bulletin, 138(4),775-808.

- Zlomke, K.R., & Hahn, K.S. (2010).Cognitive emotion regulation strategies: Gender differences and association to worry .Personality and Individual Differences, 48,408-413.