Determination of the reference value for intra ocular pressure (IOP) in the Caspian miniature horse
Subject Areas :
Veterinary Clinical Pathology
Roushanak Sarkhoosh
1
,
saeed ozmaie
2
,
Ahmad Asghari
3
,
Alireza Jahandideh
4
1 - Graduate of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Assitatnt Professor. Department of Clinical Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Associate Professor. Department of Clinical Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4 - Assitatnt Professor. Department of Clinical Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Received: 2020-02-03
Accepted : 2020-09-07
Published : 2020-08-22
Keywords:
Glaucoma,
Intraocular pressure,
Tonometer,
Caspian miniature horse,
Abstract :
Assessing the intraocular pressure is a key parameter for eye examinations used to diagnose diseases of this organ of the body. Determining the IOP requires a tool that is fast, accurate, portable, and functional. Currently, there are accepted methods for determining IOP, which include rebound tonometry and the Applentation method. This study aimed to determine the reference value for intraocular pressure by using rebound tonometry in the Caspian horse. In this regard, 20 apparently healthy Caspian miniature horses, both male and female aged between 2 and 14 years old and weighing between 150 and 200 kg were selected. The total mean and standard deviation of the results obtained from the study of intraocular pressure in 20 Caspian miniature horses were calculated as 32.9±6.7 mm/Hg. Gender had no significant effect on IOP (p < /em>>0.05). No significant differences were seen between the mean IOP values of the left eye compared to the right eye. Given the importance of early diagnosis of glaucoma and the prevention of subsequent disorders, it seems that the obtained results could be used as reference to measure the intraocular pressure of Caspian miniature horses.
References:
Bokonyi, S. (1979). Once more on the Osteological differences of the horse, the half- ass and the ass. In: The Caspian Miniature Horse of Iran, Field Research Projects, Miami, Florida, pp: 12-23.
Bonomi, L., Marchini, G. and M. Marraffa, M. (1998). Prevalence of glaucoma and intraocular pressure distribution in a defined population: The Egna-Neumarkt Study. Ophthalmology, 105(2): 209-215.
Brooks, D.E. (1999). Equine ophthalmology. In: Veterinary ophthalmology. Gelatt K.N. editor. 3rd ed., Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp:1053-1116.
Carel, R.S., Korczyn, A.D., Rock, M. and I.Goya. (1984). Association between Ocular Pressure and Certain Health Parameters. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 91(4): 311-14.
Dordari S., Mirian J. and Dast-afshan M.R. (2000). Caspian Horse Iran Cultural Heritage Organization: institute of Anthropology, pp: 25-26. [In Persian]
Fattahian, H., Moridpour, R., Mansouri, N., Mansouri, K. and Jazini Dorcheh, M. (2018). Cataract treatment by phacoemulsification in 13 dogs and 4 cats (19 eyes): a clinical report. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 12(47): 281-9. [In Persian]
Fisher, R.F. (1972). Value of tonometry and tonography in the diagnosis of glaucoma. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 56(3): 200.
Gelatt, K.N. (2013). The canine glaucomas. In: Veterinary ophthalmology. Gelatt, K.N., Gilger, B.C. and Kern, T.J. editors. 5th ed., New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell Hoboken, pp: 1050-1054.
Ghoshpgt, P, Mayint, J., Edgar, D.F., Kotecha, A., Merdoch, I.E. and Laurenson, J.J. (2011). Glaucoma suspects and normal pressure glaucoma. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 31(4): 353-3.
Hasanpour, A., Mashayekhi, M.R. and Jabbari, S. (2019). The role of genetic indices in determining the race of the Arabian horses. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 13(50): 187-197. [In Persian]
Hibbs, C.D., Barret, P.M. and Dees, D.D. (2019). Intraocular pressure reference intervals in eyes of clinically normal miniature donkeys (Equus africanus asinus). Veterinary Ophthalmology, 22(1): 24-30.
Kaleibar, M.P., Aghazade, A.M., Hassanpour, A., Mahpeikar, H.A. and Ebrahimi Hamed, M. (2007). A study on some phenotypic characteristics of the Karabakh horse in comparison with the Kurdish and Arabian horses. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 1(1): 27-33. [In Persian]
Knollinger, A.M., La Croix, N.C. and Barret, P.M. (2005). Evaluation of a rebound tonometr for measuring intraocular pressure in dogs and horses. The Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 227(2): 244-248.
Komáromy, A.M., Garg, C.D., Ying, G.S. and Liu, C. (2006). Effect of head position on intraocular pressure in horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 67(7): 1232-1235.
Leske, M.C. (1983). The Epidemiology of Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Review. American Journal of Epidemiology, 118(2): 166-91.
Çetin, C., Pamuk, K. and Yaprakci, M.V. (2014). Intraocular Pressure in Buffalo Calves. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 7(2): 1-8.
Maggs, D.J., Miller. P.E. and Ofri, R. (2013). Slatter’s fundamentals of veterinary ophthalmology. 5th ed., Philadelphia (PA): Saunders, pp: 253.
Miller, P.E. (2008). Slatter’s Fundamentals of Veterinary Ophtalmology. In: Structure and Function of the Eye. Maggs, J.D., Miller, E.P. and Ofri, R. editors: 4th. ed., Saunders Elsevier. St, Louis, Missouri, pp: 1-19.
Miller, P.E. and Bentley, R. (2017). Clinical Signs and Diagnosis of the Canine Primary Glaucomas.Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 45(6): 1183.
· Plummer, C.E., Ramsey, D.T. and Hauptman, J.G. (2003). Assessment of corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, optical corneal diameter, and axial globe dimensions in Miniature Horse, American Journal of Veterinary Research, 64(6): 661-665.
· Rizzo, D. (2017). Idiopathic glaucoma in an 11-year-old crossbred mare. Canadian Veterinary Journal, 58(5): 508-510.
· Welch, N., Havens, S., Neely, D. and Gulati, V. (2012). Effect of Commonly Used Topical Anesthetics on Intraocular Pressure Measurements. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 53(14): 1976.
· Wilcock, B.P., Brooks, D.E. and Latimer, C.A. (1991). Glaucoma in horses. Veterinary Pathology, 28(1): 74-78.
· Wong, T.T., Wong T.Y., Foster, P.J., Crowston, J.G., Fong, C.W. and Aung, T. (2009). The relationship of intraocular pressure with age, systolic blood pressure, and central corneal thickness in an asian population. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 50(9): 97-102.
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Bokonyi, S. (1979). Once more on the Osteological differences of the horse, the half- ass and the ass. In: The Caspian Miniature Horse of Iran, Field Research Projects, Miami, Florida, pp: 12-23.
Bonomi, L., Marchini, G. and M. Marraffa, M. (1998). Prevalence of glaucoma and intraocular pressure distribution in a defined population: The Egna-Neumarkt Study. Ophthalmology, 105(2): 209-215.
Brooks, D.E. (1999). Equine ophthalmology. In: Veterinary ophthalmology. Gelatt K.N. editor. 3rd ed., Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp:1053-1116.
Carel, R.S., Korczyn, A.D., Rock, M. and I.Goya. (1984). Association between Ocular Pressure and Certain Health Parameters. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 91(4): 311-14.
Dordari S., Mirian J. and Dast-afshan M.R. (2000). Caspian Horse Iran Cultural Heritage Organization: institute of Anthropology, pp: 25-26. [In Persian]
Fattahian, H., Moridpour, R., Mansouri, N., Mansouri, K. and Jazini Dorcheh, M. (2018). Cataract treatment by phacoemulsification in 13 dogs and 4 cats (19 eyes): a clinical report. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 12(47): 281-9. [In Persian]
Fisher, R.F. (1972). Value of tonometry and tonography in the diagnosis of glaucoma. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 56(3): 200.
Gelatt, K.N. (2013). The canine glaucomas. In: Veterinary ophthalmology. Gelatt, K.N., Gilger, B.C. and Kern, T.J. editors. 5th ed., New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell Hoboken, pp: 1050-1054.
Ghoshpgt, P, Mayint, J., Edgar, D.F., Kotecha, A., Merdoch, I.E. and Laurenson, J.J. (2011). Glaucoma suspects and normal pressure glaucoma. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 31(4): 353-3.
Hasanpour, A., Mashayekhi, M.R. and Jabbari, S. (2019). The role of genetic indices in determining the race of the Arabian horses. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 13(50): 187-197. [In Persian]
Hibbs, C.D., Barret, P.M. and Dees, D.D. (2019). Intraocular pressure reference intervals in eyes of clinically normal miniature donkeys (Equus africanus asinus). Veterinary Ophthalmology, 22(1): 24-30.
Kaleibar, M.P., Aghazade, A.M., Hassanpour, A., Mahpeikar, H.A. and Ebrahimi Hamed, M. (2007). A study on some phenotypic characteristics of the Karabakh horse in comparison with the Kurdish and Arabian horses. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 1(1): 27-33. [In Persian]
Knollinger, A.M., La Croix, N.C. and Barret, P.M. (2005). Evaluation of a rebound tonometr for measuring intraocular pressure in dogs and horses. The Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 227(2): 244-248.
Komáromy, A.M., Garg, C.D., Ying, G.S. and Liu, C. (2006). Effect of head position on intraocular pressure in horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 67(7): 1232-1235.
Leske, M.C. (1983). The Epidemiology of Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Review. American Journal of Epidemiology, 118(2): 166-91.
Çetin, C., Pamuk, K. and Yaprakci, M.V. (2014). Intraocular Pressure in Buffalo Calves. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 7(2): 1-8.
Maggs, D.J., Miller. P.E. and Ofri, R. (2013). Slatter’s fundamentals of veterinary ophthalmology. 5th ed., Philadelphia (PA): Saunders, pp: 253.
Miller, P.E. (2008). Slatter’s Fundamentals of Veterinary Ophtalmology. In: Structure and Function of the Eye. Maggs, J.D., Miller, E.P. and Ofri, R. editors: 4th. ed., Saunders Elsevier. St, Louis, Missouri, pp: 1-19.
Miller, P.E. and Bentley, R. (2017). Clinical Signs and Diagnosis of the Canine Primary Glaucomas.Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 45(6): 1183.
· Plummer, C.E., Ramsey, D.T. and Hauptman, J.G. (2003). Assessment of corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, optical corneal diameter, and axial globe dimensions in Miniature Horse, American Journal of Veterinary Research, 64(6): 661-665.
· Rizzo, D. (2017). Idiopathic glaucoma in an 11-year-old crossbred mare. Canadian Veterinary Journal, 58(5): 508-510.
· Welch, N., Havens, S., Neely, D. and Gulati, V. (2012). Effect of Commonly Used Topical Anesthetics on Intraocular Pressure Measurements. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 53(14): 1976.
· Wilcock, B.P., Brooks, D.E. and Latimer, C.A. (1991). Glaucoma in horses. Veterinary Pathology, 28(1): 74-78.
· Wong, T.T., Wong T.Y., Foster, P.J., Crowston, J.G., Fong, C.W. and Aung, T. (2009). The relationship of intraocular pressure with age, systolic blood pressure, and central corneal thickness in an asian population. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 50(9): 97-102.
