Determination of serogroup and antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonellas isolated from commercial laying poultry of Tabriz area
Subject Areas :
Veterinary Clinical Pathology
Mokhtar Sabeghy
1
,
Younes Anzabi
2
1 - D.V.M. Graduate, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Received: 2019-02-24
Accepted : 2019-05-18
Published : 2019-07-23
Keywords:
Salmonella,
Antibiotic resistance,
Laying poultry,
Tabriz,
Serum group,
Abstract :
Salmonellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases. Using a variety of antibiotics is the key to reducing the incidence and mortality associated with Salmonella infections. However, incorrect use of antibiotics in commercial poultry farms may lead to the emergence of antibiotic resistance and consequently inadequate antimicrobial drugs. Also, the transfer of antibiotic-resistant strains to humans through the food chain could also be a public health threat. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the serogroup and antibiotic resistance pattern in Salmonella isolates from 8 commercial laying herds in Tabriz area. For this purpose, after isolation of Salmonella from different samples, the isolates were tested by specific antisera and then their antibiotic resistance pattern was determined using disk diffusion method (based on Kirby-Bauer method) against the 6 types of antibiotics used in the poultry industry in Iran (Enrofloxacin, Fluorphenicol, Fosphomycin, Lincospectin, Soltream and Doxycycline) and 6 types of antibiotics used in humans (Gentamicin, Co-amoxiclav, Ciprofloxacin, Cefalexin, Cefotaxime and Ceftriaxone). From the 96 tested samples, 16 isolates of Salmonella were identified with 10 isolates belonging to serogroup D but 6 isolates did not belong to any of the tested serogroups. Also, all isolates were sensitive to Gentamycin and Fosfomycin and the highest resistance was observed towards Doxycycline with an abundance of 83.35%. The relatively high prevalence of drug resistance among Salmonella isolates from commercial laying poultry showed that antibiotics should be administered with more caution and care.
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Akbarmehr, J., Zahraei Salehi, T. and Nikbakht, G.H. (2010). Identification of Salmonella isolated from poultry by m-PCR technique and evaluation of their hsp groEL gene diversity based on the PCR-RFLP analysis. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 4(15): 1599-1604.
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Firoozeh, F., Shahcheraghi, F.E., Zahraei Salehi, T., Karimi, V. and Aslani, M.M. (2011). Antimicrobial resistance profile and presence of class I integrongs among Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from human clinical specimens in Tehran, Iran. Iranian Journal of Microbiology, 3(3): 112-117.
Garcia, C., Soriano, J.M., Benítez, V. and Catalá-Gregori, P. (2011). Assessment of Salmonella spp. in feces, cloacal swabs, and eggs (eggshell and content separately) from a laying hen farm. Poultry Science, 90(7): 1581-1585.
Gast, R.K. (2013). Paratyphoid infections. In: Diseases of Poultry. Swayne, D.E., Glisson, J.R., McDougald, L.R., Nolan, L.K., Saurez, D.L. and Nair, V. editors. 13th ed., John Wiley and Sons, Inc, pp: 693-706.
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Khakhria, R., Duck, D. and Lior, H. (1991). Distribution of Salmonella enteritidis phage types in Canada. Epidemiology and Infection, 106 (1): 25-32.
Mezal, E.H., Sabol, A., Khan, M.A., Ali, N., Stefanova, R. and Khan, A.A. (2014). Isolation and molecular characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis from poultry house and clinical samples during 2010. Food Microbiology, 38(1): 67-74.
Morshed, R. and Peighambari, S.M. (2010). Salmonella infections in poultry flocks in the vicinity of Tehran. International Journal of Veterinary Research, 4(4): 273-276.
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Parry, C.M., Tinh Hien, T., Dougan, G., White, N.J. and Farrar, J.J. (2002). Typhoid fever. New England Journal of Medicine, 347(22): 1770-1782.
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Waltman, W.D. and Gast, R.K. (2008). Sallmonellosis. In: A Laboratory Manual for the Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Avian Pathogens. Dufour-Zavala, L., Swayne, D.E., Glisson, J.R., Pearson, J.E., Reed, W.M., Jackwood, M.W. and Woolcock, P.R. editors. 5th ed., American Association of Avian Pathologists, Athens, GA, pp: 3-10.
Zahraei Salehi, T. (1999). Salmonella. 1st ed., Iran: University of Tehran, pp: 1-97. [In Persian]
Zahraei Salehi, T., Mahzounieh, M. and Saeedzadeh, A. (2005). The isolation of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella from intestine and liver of poultry in Shiraz province of Iran. International Journal of Poultry Science, 4(5): 320-322.
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Akbarian, R., Peighambari, S.M., Morshed, R. and Yazdani, A. (2012). Survey of Salmonella infection in Iranian poultry flocks. Iranian Veterinary Journal, 8(3): 5-10. [In Persian]
Akbarmehr, J., Zahraei Salehi, T. and Nikbakht, G.H. (2010). Identification of Salmonella isolated from poultry by m-PCR technique and evaluation of their hsp groEL gene diversity based on the PCR-RFLP analysis. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 4(15): 1599-1604.
Bogaard, A.E., London, N., Driessen, C. and Stobberingh, E.E. (2001). Antibiotic resistance of fecal Escherichia coli in poultry, poultry farmers and poultry slaughterers. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 47(6): 763-771.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) (2015). Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; 23th Informational Supplement, M100-S25, CLSI document. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, Pennsylvania, pp: 44-50.
Dreesen, D.W., Barnhart, H.M., Burke, J.L., Chen, T. and Johnson, D.C. (1992). Frequency of Salmonella enteritidis and other Salmonella in the ceca of spent hens at time of slaughter. Avian Diseases, 36(2): 247-250.
Ezatpanah, E., Moradi Bidhendi, S., Khaki, P., Ghaderi, R., Seyedan Jasbi, E. and Moghtadaee Far, S. (2013). Isolation, serotyping and antibiotic-resistance pattern of isolated salmonella from chicken of Arak. Iranian Veterinary Journal, 9(2): 88-96. [In Persian]
Firoozeh, F., Shahcheraghi, F.E., Zahraei Salehi, T., Karimi, V. and Aslani, M.M. (2011). Antimicrobial resistance profile and presence of class I integrongs among Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from human clinical specimens in Tehran, Iran. Iranian Journal of Microbiology, 3(3): 112-117.
Garcia, C., Soriano, J.M., Benítez, V. and Catalá-Gregori, P. (2011). Assessment of Salmonella spp. in feces, cloacal swabs, and eggs (eggshell and content separately) from a laying hen farm. Poultry Science, 90(7): 1581-1585.
Gast, R.K. (2013). Paratyphoid infections. In: Diseases of Poultry. Swayne, D.E., Glisson, J.R., McDougald, L.R., Nolan, L.K., Saurez, D.L. and Nair, V. editors. 13th ed., John Wiley and Sons, Inc, pp: 693-706.
Grimont, P.A.D. and Weill, F.X. (2007). Antigenic formulae of the Salmonella serovars. 9th ed., WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Salmonella, Institute Pasteur, France, Paris, pp: 1-166.
Guibourdenche, M., Roggentin, P., Mikoletit, M., Fields, P.I., Bockemuhl, J., Grimont, P.A.D., et al. (2010). Supplement 2003-2007(No.47) to the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme. Research Microbiology, 161(1): 26-29.
Hopper, S.A. and Mawer, S. (1988). Salmonella enteritidis in a commercial layer flock. Veterinary Record, 123(13): 351.
Jamshidi, A., Zahraei Salehi, T. and Afshari Nik, S. (2007). Detection of Salmonella spp contamination of carcasses slaughtered in poultry abattoir in Mashhad, Iran. Archives of Razi Institute, 62(4): 229-233.
Khakhria, R., Duck, D. and Lior, H. (1991). Distribution of Salmonella enteritidis phage types in Canada. Epidemiology and Infection, 106 (1): 25-32.
Mezal, E.H., Sabol, A., Khan, M.A., Ali, N., Stefanova, R. and Khan, A.A. (2014). Isolation and molecular characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis from poultry house and clinical samples during 2010. Food Microbiology, 38(1): 67-74.
Morshed, R. and Peighambari, S.M. (2010). Salmonella infections in poultry flocks in the vicinity of Tehran. International Journal of Veterinary Research, 4(4): 273-276.
Morshed, R. (2013). Bacteriological study of broiler flocks (Salmonella contamination) in Amol city. Veterinary Journal, 25(4): 23-28. [In Persian]
Nadine, B., Lieve, H. and Rijpens, N. (2004). Phenotypic and molecular typing of Salmonella strains reveals different contamination sources in two commercial pig slaughterhouses. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(9): 5305-5314.
Parry, C.M., Tinh Hien, T., Dougan, G., White, N.J. and Farrar, J.J. (2002). Typhoid fever. New England Journal of Medicine, 347(22): 1770-1782.
Quinn, P.J., Markey, B.K., Carter, M.E., Donnelly, W.J. and Leonard, F.C. (2002). Veterinary Microbiology and Microbial Disease. Blakwell Publishing, pp: 109-118.
Tabatabayi, A.H. and Firouzi, R. (2002). Diseases of animals due to Bacteria. 1st ed. Tehran University Press, Tehran, pp: 232-234. [In Persian]
Waltman, W.D. and Gast, R.K. (2008). Sallmonellosis. In: A Laboratory Manual for the Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Avian Pathogens. Dufour-Zavala, L., Swayne, D.E., Glisson, J.R., Pearson, J.E., Reed, W.M., Jackwood, M.W. and Woolcock, P.R. editors. 5th ed., American Association of Avian Pathologists, Athens, GA, pp: 3-10.
Zahraei Salehi, T. (1999). Salmonella. 1st ed., Iran: University of Tehran, pp: 1-97. [In Persian]
Zahraei Salehi, T., Mahzounieh, M. and Saeedzadeh, A. (2005). The isolation of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella from intestine and liver of poultry in Shiraz province of Iran. International Journal of Poultry Science, 4(5): 320-322.
