Investigation of the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus and the prevalence of methicillin resistance among isolates of this bacterium from the milk of cows with mastitis in Khuzestan province.
Hamzeh asadi
1
(
)
داریوش غریبی
2
(
دانشگاه چمران اهواز
)
Meisam Makki
3
(
Assistant Professo, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
)
Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, mecA, mastitis, cattle, antibiogram,
Abstract :
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the main causes of mastitis in dairy cows and a serious pathogen that affects human health. Methicillin resistance in this bacterium is one of the major concerns in veterinary medicine and public health. The aim of the current study was the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in milk samples collected from cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis in Khuzestan province, as well as the prevalence of the mecA gene among these isolates. In this study, out of 300 milk samples suspected of mastitis from cattle farms in Khuzestan province, only 31 (10.33%) isolates using morphologyIt was confirmed as Staphylococcus aureus by biochemical tests and using specific thermonuclease (nuc) gene.. Phenotypic investigation and the presence of methicillin resistance gene in isolates by tracking mecA, and also the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity or resistance of isolates by diffusion method. From the disc, it was done using penicillin, clindamycin, doxycillin, cefoxitin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole antibiotic discs. out of 31 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, only 2 isolates (6.45%) had the mecA gene. While in the phenotypic method, they were not resistant to methicillin as Staphylococcus aureus. The results of the antibiogram of the isolates showed that the highest resistance was related to the antibiotics trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and doxycillin (6.45%) and the lowest resistance was penicillin (0%).
هوایی سیداصغر, نصراصفهانی بهرام, حسینی نفیسه سادات, & اسدبیگی بهناز. (2014). بررسی الگوی مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی و ردیابی سویه های مقاوم به متی سیلین (MRSA) در ایزوله های استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس عامل ورم پستان گاوی در استان اصفهان..
Abed, A. H., Menshawy, A., Zeinhom, M., Hossain, D., Khalifa, E., Wareth, G., & Awad, M. F. (2021). Subclinical mastitis in selected bovine dairy herds in North Upper Egypt: Assessment of prevalence, causative bacterial pathogens, antimicrobial resistance and virulence-associated genes. Microorganisms, 9(6), 1175.
Abera, M., Demie, B., Aragaw, K., Regassa, F., & Regassa, A. (2010). Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitic milk and their drug resistance patterns in Adama town, Ethiopia. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, 2(3), 29-34.
Aires-de-Sousa, M., Parente, C.E., Vieira-da-Motta, O., Bonna, I.C., Silva, D.A., de Lencastre, H.(2007).
Aklilu, E., & Chia, H. Y. (2020). First mec C and mec A positive livestock-associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (mec C MRSA/LA-MRSA) from dairy cattle in Malaysia. Microorganisms, 8(2), 147.
Amini Kamroodi, M., HashemiTabar, G., Askari Badouei, M., Khoramian, B., & Kalateh Rahmani, H. (2022). Investigation of the presence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aure-us (MRSA) carrying different mec types in isolates causing bovine sub-clinical mastitis. New Findings in Veterinary Microbiology, 5(1), 1-12.
Ba, X., Harrison, E.M., Edwards, G.F., Holden, M.T., Larsen, A.R., Petersen, A., Skov, R.L., Peacock, S.J., Parkhill, J., Paterson, G.K.,Holmes,M.A.(2014). Novel mutations in penicillin-binding protein genes in clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates that are methicillin resistant on susceptibility testing but lack the mec gene. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 69, 594-597.
Busato, A., Trachsel, P., Schällibaum, M., & Blum, J. W. (2000). Udder health and risk factors for subclinical mastitis in organic dairy farms in Switzerland. Preventive veterinary medicine, 44(3-4), 205-220.
CLSI, C. L. S. I. (2021). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: Approved Twenty-: Document M100-S28. Wayne, PA, USA: CLSI, 2021.
Carfora, V., Giacinti, G., Sagrafoli, D., Marri, N., Giangolini, G., Alba, P., Feltrin, F., Sorbara, L., Amoruso, R., Caprioli, A.,Amatiste, S., Battisti, A. (2016).Methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in dairy sheep and in-contact humans: An intra-farm study. Journal of Dairy Science 99, 4251-4258
Chandran, A., AA, M. H., Varghese, S., & Sheeja, K. M. (2008). Prevalence of multiple drug resistant Escherichia coli serotypes in a tropical estuary, India. Microbes and environments, 23(2), 153-158
Cikman, A., Aydin, M., Gulhan, B., Karakecili, F., Kurtoglu, M. G., Yuksekkaya, S., ... & Ozekinci, T. (2019). Absence of the mecC gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various clinical samples: The first multi-centered study in Turkey. Journal of infection and public health, 12(4), 528-533.
Cockcroft, P., & Holmes, M. (2008). Handbook of evidence-based veterinary medicine. John Wiley & Sons
Dastmalchi Saei, H., & Panahi, M. (2020). Genotyping and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from dairy ruminants: Differences in the distribution of clonal types between cattle and small ruminants. Archives of microbiology, 202(1), 115-125.
Devriese, L. A., & Hommez, J. (1975). Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in dairy herds. Research in veterinary science, 19(1), 23-27.
Dweba, C. C., Zishiri, O. T., & El Zowalaty, M. E. (2019). Isolation and molecular identification of virulence, antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance genes in livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pathogens, 8(2), 79.
Ebrahimi, A., & Akhavan Taheri, M. (2009). Characteristics of staphylococci isolated from clinical and subclinical mastitis cows in Shahrekord, Iran. Iranian journal of veterinary research, 10(3), 273-277.
. El-Tawab, A., Ashraf, A., El Hofy, A. I., Amaar, A. M., Sleim, M. A. E. H., & Salem, H. S. (2016). Molecular characterization for some virulence and antibiotic resistance genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairy cattle's subclinical mastitis in EL-Sharkia Governorate. Benha Veterinary Medical Journal, 30(1), 219-230.
García-Álvarez, L., Holden, M.T., Lindsay, H., Webb, C.R., Brown, D.F., Curran, M.D., Walpole, E., Brooks, K., Pickard, D.J., Teale, C., Parkhill, J., Bentley, S.D., Edwards, G.F., Girvan, E.K., Kearns, A.M, Pichon, B., Hill, R.L., Larsen, A.R., Skov, R.L., Peacock, S.J., Maskell, D.J., Holmes, M.A. (2011). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a novel mecA homologue in human and bovine population in the UK and Denmark: a descriptive study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 11, 595-603.
Ghorbanpour, M., Seyfiabad, S. M., Motamedi, H., Jamshidian, M., & Gouraninezhad, S. (2007). Comparison of PCR and bacterial culture methods for diagnosis of dairy cattle's subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
Gilbert, F. B., Cunha, P., Jensen, K., Glass, E. J., Foucras, G., Robert-Granié, C., ... & Rainard, P. (2013). Differential response of bovine mammary epithelial cells to Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli agonists of the innate immune system. Veterinary research, 44(1), 1-23.
Gomes, F., & Henriques, M. (2016). Control of bovine mastitis: old and recent therapeutic approaches. Current microbiology, 72(4), 377-382.
Havaei SA, Nasr Esfahani B, Hoseini N, Assadbeigi B. (2014). Investigation of Antibiotic Hiramatsu, K., Cui, L.Z., Kuroda, M., Ito, T.(2001).The emergence and evolution of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Trends in Microbiology 9, 486-493.
Hiramatsu, K., Katayama, Y., Matsuo, M., Sasaki, T., Morimoto, Y., Sekiguchi, A., Baba, T. (2014).Multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and future chemotherapy. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy 20,593-601. interventions.Surgicalinfections15,404-411
Li, T, Lu, H., Wang, X., Gao, Q., Dai, Y., Shang, J., Li, M. (2017). Molecular Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Causing Bovine Mastitis between 2014 and 2015. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 7,127
Markey, B., Leonard, F., Archambault, M., Cullinane, A., & Maguire, D. (2013). Clinical veterinary microbiology e-book. Elsevier Health Sciences
Nazer, A. H. K., & Sarmadi, R. (2005). Prevalence of clinical and snbclinical mastitis, antibiotic resistance and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. Öztürk, D., Türütoğlu, H., Pehlivanoğlu, F., & YAPICIER, Ö. Ş. (2019). Identification of bacteria isolated from dairy goats with subclinical mastitis and investigation of methicillin and vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 66(2), 191-196.
Phuektes, P., Mansell, P. D., & Browning, G. F. (2001). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous detection of Staphylococcus aureus and streptococcal causes of bovine mastitis. Journal of dairy science, 84(5), 1140-1148.#3 Resistance Pattern and Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Strains (MRSA) in StaphylococcusAureus Isolates Associated with Bovine Mastitis J Isfahan Med Sch; 32(298) Ruegg, P. L. (2017). A 100-Year Review: Mastitis detection, management, and prevention. Journal of dairy science, 100(12), 10381-10397
. Sahebekhtiari, N., Nochi, Z., Eslampour, M., Dabiri, H., Bolfion, M., Taherikalani, M., ... & Emaneini, M. (2011). Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from raw milk of bovine subclinical mastitis in Tehran and Mashhad. Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica, 58(2), 113-121.
Sangarifar Samira, Hassan Ghajavand, Behrooz Johari, and Abazar Yari. Frequency of clf-A, mecA, and mecC Genes in Staphylococcus Au-reus Strain isolated From Nosocomial Infections and Cows Milk. 2016; 233-238#3 Sasaki, T., Tsubakishita, S., Tanaka, Y., Sakusabe, A., Ohtsuka, M., Hirotaki, S., ... & Hiramatsu, K. (2010). Multiplex-PCR method for species identification of coagulase-positive staphylococci. Journal of clinical microbiology, 48(3), 765-76#3 Schuenck, R.P., Lourenco, M.C., Iório, N.L., Ferreira, A.L., Nouér, S.A., Santos, K.R.(2006).Improved and rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage using selective broth and multiplex PCR.Research in Microbiology 157,971-975.
Shome, B. R., Das Mitra, S., Bhuvana, M., Krithiga, N., Velu, D., Shome, R., ... & Rahman, H. (2011). Multiplex PCR assay for species identification of bovine mastitis pathogens. Journal of applied microbiology, 111(6), 1349-1356.
Srednik ME, Crespi E, Testorelli MF, Puigdevall T, Pereyra AM, Rumi MV, et al. First isolation of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis in Argentina. Veteri-nary and Animal Science. 2019; 7: 100043
. Srednik, M. E., Crespi, E., Testorelli, M. F., Puigdevall, T., Pereyra, A. M. D., Rumi, M. V., ... & Gentilini, E. R. (2019). First isolation of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis in Argentina. Veterinary and Animal Science, 7, 100043.
Thammavongsa, V., Kim, H.K., Missiakas, D., Schneewind, O.(2015).Staphylococcal manipulation of host immune responses.Nature reviews. Microbiology 13,529-543
Türkyılmaz, S., Tekbıyık, S., Oryasin, E., & Bozdogan, B. (2010). Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine milk. Zoonoses and Public Health, 57(3), 197-203.
vanRijen, M.M., Bosch, T., Verkade, E.J., Schouls, L., Kluytmans, J.A., CAM Study Group.(2014).Livestock-associated MRSA carriage in patients without direct contact with livestock.PLoS One 9, e100294.
Vasudevan, P., Nair, M. K. M., Annamalai, T., & Venkitanarayanan, K. S. (2003). Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of bovine mastitis isolates of Staphylococcus aureus for biofilm formation. Veterinary microbiology, 92(1-2), 179-185
Youssif, N. H., Hafiz, N. M., Halawa, M. A., & Aziz, H. M. (2021). Genes conferring antimicrobial resistance in cattle with subclinical mastitis. Bulgarian journal of veterinary medicine, 24(1).
Amini Kamroodi, M., HashemiTabar, G., Askari Badouei, M., Khoramian, B., & Kalateh Rahmani, H. (2022). Investigation of the presence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aure-us (MRSA) carrying different mec types in isolates causing bovine sub-clinical mastitis. New Findings in Veterinary Microbiology, 5(1), 1-12.
Pourtaghi, H., Azizi, A. G., & Sodagari, H. R. (2016). Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis in Alborz province, Iran.