Clarifying the optimal placement pattern of residential apartments in the city of Shiraz with the aim of absorbing sunlight in order to improve climate sustainability
Subject Areas : Sustainable urban development
Arash Bostanian
1
,
Hadi Keshmiri
2
*
,
Tahereh Nasr
3
1 - PhD Student in Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
2 - Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
3 - Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
Keywords: Placement pattern, residential apartment, Optimum, Sunlight, Shiraz, climate Sustainability,
Abstract :
One of the topics that is not paid attention to in the climate approaches of architecture and climate sustainable urban design today is the lack of attention to the depth of natural light, but a lot of attention to solar energy has caused some of the other renewable energies. Because the quality of natural light and its significant impact on the quality of the interior space of the building was neglected. One of the effective solutions in this field is the use of natural light in residential buildings, in order to determine the proper orientation of the residential building for the optimal use of natural light and to benefit from this influential climatic element in the spaces of residential buildings. did in this research, an attempt has been made to simulate natural light conditions in residential buildings in Shiraz using Honey Bee and Ladybug energy software, and to analyze elements such as light quality and depth of natural light in the space. The general method of the research is quantitative and by simulating a residential building and rotating it one degree from south to southeast, the findings of the research are compared with each other in a comparative manner to find the most suitable direction in terms of light quality and depth of light. Naturally achieved. It can be said that if the issues related to the quality of sunlight and its depth in the building are considered and the optimal angle of orientation is adopted that both solar energy and daylight can be used, up to the amount of artificial lighting consumption in the building decrease throughout the year. The optimization of energy consumption has been done, and also in the scale of residential buildings in the metropolis of Shiraz, it can lead to the reduction of fossil fuel consumption to a significant extent. Finally, by confirming the hypothesis of the research, we can point to the most suitable angles which are 10, 17, 27 degrees from south to southeast, which is the most suitable angle of the building in relation to the sun in line with the maximum absorption of natural light and the depth of light in the space of residential buildings.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
With the modernization of cities and architecture, and excessive attention to fossil fuels in providing the climatic conditions of residential spaces, the world of architecture and urban design has faced tremendous changes, including these changes to the formation of new styles of architecture that With the approach of globalization and the elimination of local designs, it caused the formation of architectural and urban designs based on a series of pre-defined principles and without regard to the climate and perhaps even the culture of that region. Before this, many researches have been done regarding the role of solar energy in the building and also the role of spaces such as atrium in order to control comfort temperature and optimize energy, but this research seeks to investigate the role of the appropriate pattern of building placement in order to use it as much as possible. It is more optimal than sunlight in Shiraz city, how changing the orientation angle of a residential building can affect the benefit of the building from the sun's energy and how much this effect can be different from choosing an inappropriate angle in terms of energy absorption.
In other words, it can be said that not only paying attention to the amount of use of fossil fuels in order to reduce greenhouse gases in order to move towards zeroing these fuels has become a global problem, but especially in the field of the construction industry. Ignoring this will cause these gases to spread more and more on the surface of the planet. As stated at the beginning, there are elements and methods that can reduce the building's energy consumption passively and significantly. This research aims to achieve the maximum amount of light absorption by the sun by doing a more fundamental work and by finding the proper direction of the building with the sun, so as to make the mentioned elements and spaces perform as well as possible, which can be done by reducing The amount of cost and the number of spaces that are directly used only in order to optimize energy consumption in the building is closer to a sustainable climate approach. In general, the statement of the problem of the present research can be stated as follows: the angle of the residential building, which is proposed in the detailed plan of the city of Shiraz from the south to the southeast, by changing the angle a little like one degree, what effect does it have on the increase and or reducing the quality of natural light and also how to achieve the maximum depth of natural light by making a small change in the angle of the residential building. In other words, it is assumed that the angle mentioned in the detailed plan is very general, and even a small change in this angle can have a great impact on the quality and depth of natural light in the residential space and the efficiency of natural light in residential spaces Increased.
Methodology
The methodology of this research is quantitative and the data collection tools are in the form of a library, and at first, using up-to-date climate data that was taken from the global website of the Energy Plus computing engine in full with all the details and in the software Metanorm of this data is categorized and converted into recognizable format in Honeybee and Ladybug energy modeling software. It should also be noted that in this research, the amount of brightness and quality of light are considered and the output of the analysis has been analyzed and evaluated in terms of the amount of brightness and lux, that climatic and meteorological changes have no effect on the current research and only the angle of rotation. The earth around the sun and the angle of radiation in different days and hours of the year have been considered, which has been constant.
Results and discussion
After checking the data and simulation outputs, firstly, the depth of sunlight can be divided into two parts based on the maximum and minimum depth of light. In the simulation, at the angles of 10, 17 and 27 degrees from the south to the southeast, there is the greatest amount of light depth, in other words, up to 4 meters depth of the residential space from the aperture of the skylight, during the year in the form of one hundred percent direct light. and there is full illumination, but in the rest of the angles, the amount of direct light is one hundred percent throughout the year up to a depth of 3.50 meters from the aperture, and in these angles at a depth of 4 meters, direct light and full illumination is only from 82.60% to 91.30%. Compared to the angles of 10, 17 and 27 degrees, there is a difference between 8.7% and 17.40%, which during the year and the number of residential buildings in the city can be a very significant and effective number in reducing the amount of electricity consumption in the building. be residential.
Conclusion
As a result, it can be said that all the findings of the research have been analyzed and evaluated separately at the beginning and finally all the findings have been compared with each other in a comparative manner. It can be stated that the research has sought answers to two questions, one is to use more natural light in the residential space, and how changing the angle, even in a small way, can promote the increase in the use of natural light in the residential space. make it better So, according to the findings of the research, it can be said that, for example, at a depth of four meters at the angles of 10, 17 and 27 degrees, it has one hundred percent natural light throughout the year, and on the other hand, at the angles of 32 and 34 degrees in Oman. The depth of use of natural light has decreased to 82.20%. And further, this research seeks to answer the problem of increasing the depth of light in the residential space, which can achieve the maximum depth of natural light with quality, therefore, at angles of 10, 17 and 27 degrees at a depth of 7 meters, from 21.70 The percentage of natural light is of good quality, which has decreased to 19.90% compared to the angles of 32 and 34.
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