Comparing the Self Esteem and Resilience among Blind and Sighted Subjects in Isfahan
Subject Areas : Educational
1 - کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران
Keywords: blinds, self esteem, resiliency,
Abstract :
The purpose of this study was to compare the self-esteem and resilience between blind and sighted subjects in Isfahan. It was a causal-comparative study. The population consisted of all 20 to 40 year-old blinds with high school diploma living in Isfahan in spring 2015. From among them, 60 persons (30 males and 30 females) were selected through convenience sampling method. Then, 60 sighted subjects were matched in terms of level of education, sex and age. Research tools included Rozenberg Self-esteem questionnaire (1965) and Connor-Davidson Resiliency questionnaire (2003). Data were analyzed through variance analyses. The results showed that there were no significant differences between sighted and blind subjects on resiliency but there was a significant difference between the two groups on self-esteem (P<0.05).
References:
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Alvord, C.B., Bcgardiana, H. (2006). Resiliency determinants and resiliency processes among female adult. Surn Child Sex Abuse, 10:125-130.
Bowen, J. (2010). Visual impairment and its impact on self-esteem. British Journal of Visual Impairment, 28(1), 47-56.
Connor, K.M., Davidson, J.R.T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The conner- Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18, 76-82.
Erol, R.Y., & Orth, U. (2011). Self-esteem development from age 14 to 30 years: a longitudinal study. Journal of personality and social psychology, 101(3), 607-619.
Ghomrani, A., Jafari, H.R. (2004). Introduction to Emotion Intelligence and blindness. Journal of Expectional Educational Education, 31, 25-30.
Griffin-Shirley, N. & Nes, S.L. (2005). Self-esteem and Empathy in Sighted and Visually Impaired Preadolescents. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 99(5), 276-285.
Huurre, T.M., Komulainen, E.J., & Aro, H.M. (1999). Social support and self-esteem among adolescents with visual impairments. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 93(1), 26-37.
Kef, S. (2002). Psychosocial adjustment and themeaning of social support for visually impairedadolescents. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 96(1), 22-37.
Lopez-Justicia, M.D., & Codoba, I.N. (2006). The self-concept of Spanish young adults with retinitis pimentos. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 100(1), 366-380.
May, L.A., & Warren, S. (2002). Measuring quality of life of persons with spinal cord injury: external and structural validity. Spinal Cord, 40(7), 341-350.
Mishra, V., & Singh, A. (2012). A comparative study of self-concept and self-confidence of sighted and visually impaired children. EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies, 2(2), 148-157.
Papadopoulos, K. (2014). The impact of individual characteristics in self-esteem and locus of control of young adults with visual impairments. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(3), 671-675.
Papadopoulos, K., Metsiou, K., Agaliotis, I. (2011). Adaptive behavior of children and, adolescents with visual impairments. Research in developmental disabilities, 32, 1086-1096.
Papadopoulos, K., Montgomery, A.J., Chronopoulou, E. (2013). The impact of visual impairments in self-esteem and locus of control. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, 4565-70.
Rosenblum, L.P. (2000). Perception of the impact of visual impairment on the lives of adolescents. Journal of visual Impairment & Blindness, 94(7): 434-445.
Rosenberg, M.(1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Senicar, M., & Grum, D.K. (2012). Self-concept and social support among adolescents with disabilities attending special and mainstream schools, Croatian Review of Rehabilitation Research, 48(1),73-83.
Simon, J.B., Murphy, J.J., Smith, S.M. (2005). Understanding and fostering family resilience. The family journal, 13, 427-436.
Stewart, D.E. & Yuen, T. (2011).A systematic review of resilience in the physically ill. Psychosomatics, 52(3), 199-209.
Thetford, C., Bennett, K.M., Hodge, S., Knox, P.C., & Robinson, J. (2015). Resilience and vision impairment in older people. Journal of aging studies,35, 37-48.
Thetford, C., Robinson, J., Knox, P., Mehta, J., & Wong, D. (2011). Long-term access to support for people with sight loss. British Journal of Visual Impairment, 29(1), 46-59
Trillo, A.H., & Dickinson, C.M. (2012). The Impact of Visual and Nonvisual Factors on Quality of Life and Adaptation in Adults with Visual Impairment Quality of Life in Low Vision. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 53(7), 4234-4241
Wagner, E. (2004). Developmental and Implementation of a curriculum to Develop social competence for student with visual impairment in Germany. Journal of Visual Impairment &Blindness, 98, (11), 703-710.
Waller, M.A. (2001). Resilience in ecosystemic context: Evolution of the child. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 71, 290-297.
Wolffe, K., & Sacks, S.Z. (1997). The lifestyles of blind, low vision, and sighted youths: A quantitative comparison. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 91, 245-257.
Zautra, A.J., Johnson, L.M. & Davis, M.C. (2003). Positiveaffect as source of resilience for women in chronic pain. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(2), 212-220.
y of life and resilience in adolescents with a mobility disability. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32(3), 370- 379.
Beaty, L.A. (1991).The effects of visual impairment on adolescent self-concept.Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 85(3),129-130.
Beaty, L.A. (1991).The effects of visual impairment on adolescent self-concept.Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 85(3),129-130.
Bowen, J. (2010). Visual impairment and impact of self-esteem.British Journal of visual impairment. 28(1),47-56.
Conner, K.M., Davidson, J.R.T.(2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The conner- Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18:76-82.
Erol, RY., Ulrich, O.(2011). University of Basel Self- Esteem Development From Age 14 to 30 Years: A Longitudinal Study. University of Basel. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology: American Psychological Association. 101(3):607-19.
Finger, R.P., Kupitz, D.G., Holz, F.G., Balasubramaniam, B., Ramani, R.V., Lamoureux, E.L., et al. (2011). The impact of theseverity of vision loss on vision-related quality of life in India: an evaluation of the IND-VFQ-33.The Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science , 52(9), 6081-8
Ghomrani A, Jafari H.(2004). Introduction to Emotion Intelligence Conference vision and blind students and alumni of Iran. Tehran.
Gilmore, A.L., (2014). A Cultural Examination of Hardiness: Association with Self-Esteem, Wisdom, Hope, and Coping Efficacy, University of Honors Program Theses.
Goldestein, H., Morgan, L.(2004). Social interaction and modeles of friendship development. Available site: http/www.eric.com.
Laura, EB.(2012). [Development through the lifespan].
Lopez-Justicia, M.D., &amp;Codoba, I.N. (2006).The self-concept of Spanish young adoults with retinitis pigmentosa.Journal of Visual Impairment &amp; Blindness, 100(1), 366-380.
Mishra, V., Songh, A. (2012). A comparative study of self conceptanself confidence of sighted and visually impaired children. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies, 2(2),148-157.
Papadopoulos, K. (2014). The impact of individual characteristics in self-esteem and locus of control of young adults with visual impairments.Research in Developmental Disavilities, 35(3),671-675.
Papadopoulos, K. Montgomery, A. J., Chronopoulou, E. (2013). The impact of visual impairments in self-esteem and locus of control.Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, 4565-70.
Papadopoulos K, Metsiou K, Agaliotis I. Adaptive behavior of children and, adolescents with visual impairments. Research in developmental disabilities 2011; 32: 1086-1096.
Rosenblum, L,P. (2000). perception of the impact of visual impairment on the lives of adolescents. Journal of visual Impairment &amp; Blind 434-447.
Rosenberg,M .(1965).Society and the adolescent self-image.Princeton,NJ:princecton University press.
Senicar, M., &amp;Grum, D.K. (2012). Self-concept and social support among adolescents with disabilities attending special and mainstream schools, Hevatskarevijazarehabilitacijskaistrazivanja, 48(1),73-83.
Simon JB, Murphy JJ, Smith SM. 2005. Understanding and Fostering family resilience. The family journal, 13: 427-436.
Stewart, D.E. &amp; Yuen, T. (2011).A systematic review of resilience in the physically ill. Psychosomatics, 52(3), 199-209.
Wagner, E.(2004).Developmental and Implementation of a curriculum to Develop social competence For student with visual impairment in Germany. journal of visual Impairment &amp; Blindness, 98,(11),703-710.
Wagner, E.(2004).developmental and implementation of curriculum to develop social competence for student hear and visual impairment in Germany. journal of heart and visual impairment &amp; blindness. 703-71.
Wolff, F., &amp; sacks, S.Z.(1997). the life style of blind, low vision, and sighted Youths: A quantitative comparison. journal of visual Impairment &amp; Blindness, 91,(3)245-257.
Zarrinkelk, H.( 2010). The effectiveness oftraining aspects of resiliency on reducing addiction acceptance and changing attitudes toward drug use among high school students in Tehran.MA thses.AllameTabatabayiuniversity.
Zautra, A. J., Johnson, L. M. &amp; Davis, M. C. (2003).Runing head: Positveafect enhances resilencepositveafect as asource of resilence for women in chronic pain. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73, 2, 212-20.
Alriksson-Schmidt, A.I., Wallander, J. &amp;Biasini, F. (2007). QualitAlriksson-Schmidt, A.I., Wallander, J. & Biasini, F. (2007). Quality of life and resilience in adolescents with a mobility disability. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32(3), 370- 379.
Alvord, C.B., Bcgardiana, H. (2006). Resiliency determinants and resiliency processes among female adult. Surn Child Sex Abuse, 10:125-130.
Bowen, J. (2010). Visual impairment and its impact on self-esteem. British Journal of Visual Impairment, 28(1), 47-56.
Connor, K.M., Davidson, J.R.T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The conner- Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18, 76-82.
Erol, R.Y., & Orth, U. (2011). Self-esteem development from age 14 to 30 years: a longitudinal study. Journal of personality and social psychology, 101(3), 607-619.
Ghomrani, A., Jafari, H.R. (2004). Introduction to Emotion Intelligence and blindness. Journal of Expectional Educational Education, 31, 25-30.
Griffin-Shirley, N. & Nes, S.L. (2005). Self-esteem and Empathy in Sighted and Visually Impaired Preadolescents. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 99(5), 276-285.
Huurre, T.M., Komulainen, E.J., & Aro, H.M. (1999). Social support and self-esteem among adolescents with visual impairments. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 93(1), 26-37.
Kef, S. (2002). Psychosocial adjustment and themeaning of social support for visually impairedadolescents. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 96(1), 22-37.
Lopez-Justicia, M.D., & Codoba, I.N. (2006). The self-concept of Spanish young adults with retinitis pimentos. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 100(1), 366-380.
May, L.A., & Warren, S. (2002). Measuring quality of life of persons with spinal cord injury: external and structural validity. Spinal Cord, 40(7), 341-350.
Mishra, V., & Singh, A. (2012). A comparative study of self-concept and self-confidence of sighted and visually impaired children. EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies, 2(2), 148-157.
Papadopoulos, K. (2014). The impact of individual characteristics in self-esteem and locus of control of young adults with visual impairments. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(3), 671-675.
Papadopoulos, K., Metsiou, K., Agaliotis, I. (2011). Adaptive behavior of children and, adolescents with visual impairments. Research in developmental disabilities, 32, 1086-1096.
Papadopoulos, K., Montgomery, A.J., Chronopoulou, E. (2013). The impact of visual impairments in self-esteem and locus of control. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, 4565-70.
Rosenblum, L.P. (2000). Perception of the impact of visual impairment on the lives of adolescents. Journal of visual Impairment & Blindness, 94(7): 434-445.
Rosenberg, M.(1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Senicar, M., & Grum, D.K. (2012). Self-concept and social support among adolescents with disabilities attending special and mainstream schools, Croatian Review of Rehabilitation Research, 48(1),73-83.
Simon, J.B., Murphy, J.J., Smith, S.M. (2005). Understanding and fostering family resilience. The family journal, 13, 427-436.
Stewart, D.E. & Yuen, T. (2011).A systematic review of resilience in the physically ill. Psychosomatics, 52(3), 199-209.
Thetford, C., Bennett, K.M., Hodge, S., Knox, P.C., & Robinson, J. (2015). Resilience and vision impairment in older people. Journal of aging studies,35, 37-48.
Thetford, C., Robinson, J., Knox, P., Mehta, J., & Wong, D. (2011). Long-term access to support for people with sight loss. British Journal of Visual Impairment, 29(1), 46-59
Trillo, A.H., & Dickinson, C.M. (2012). The Impact of Visual and Nonvisual Factors on Quality of Life and Adaptation in Adults with Visual Impairment Quality of Life in Low Vision. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 53(7), 4234-4241
Wagner, E. (2004). Developmental and Implementation of a curriculum to Develop social competence for student with visual impairment in Germany. Journal of Visual Impairment &Blindness, 98, (11), 703-710.
Waller, M.A. (2001). Resilience in ecosystemic context: Evolution of the child. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 71, 290-297.
Wolffe, K., & Sacks, S.Z. (1997). The lifestyles of blind, low vision, and sighted youths: A quantitative comparison. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 91, 245-257.
Zautra, A.J., Johnson, L.M. & Davis, M.C. (2003). Positiveaffect as source of resilience for women in chronic pain. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(2), 212-220.
y of life and resilience in adolescents with a mobility disability. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32(3), 370- 379.
Beaty, L.A. (1991).The effects of visual impairment on adolescent self-concept.Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 85(3),129-130.
Beaty, L.A. (1991).The effects of visual impairment on adolescent self-concept.Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 85(3),129-130.
Bowen, J. (2010). Visual impairment and impact of self-esteem.British Journal of visual impairment. 28(1),47-56.
Conner, K.M., Davidson, J.R.T.(2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The conner- Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18:76-82.
Erol, RY., Ulrich, O.(2011). University of Basel Self- Esteem Development From Age 14 to 30 Years: A Longitudinal Study. University of Basel. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology: American Psychological Association. 101(3):607-19.
Finger, R.P., Kupitz, D.G., Holz, F.G., Balasubramaniam, B., Ramani, R.V., Lamoureux, E.L., et al. (2011). The impact of theseverity of vision loss on vision-related quality of life in India: an evaluation of the IND-VFQ-33.The Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science , 52(9), 6081-8
Ghomrani A, Jafari H.(2004). Introduction to Emotion Intelligence Conference vision and blind students and alumni of Iran. Tehran.
Gilmore, A.L., (2014). A Cultural Examination of Hardiness: Association with Self-Esteem, Wisdom, Hope, and Coping Efficacy, University of Honors Program Theses.
Goldestein, H., Morgan, L.(2004). Social interaction and modeles of friendship development. Available site: http/www.eric.com.
Laura, EB.(2012). [Development through the lifespan].
Lopez-Justicia, M.D., &amp;Codoba, I.N. (2006).The self-concept of Spanish young adoults with retinitis pigmentosa.Journal of Visual Impairment &amp; Blindness, 100(1), 366-380.
Mishra, V., Songh, A. (2012). A comparative study of self conceptanself confidence of sighted and visually impaired children. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies, 2(2),148-157.
Papadopoulos, K. (2014). The impact of individual characteristics in self-esteem and locus of control of young adults with visual impairments.Research in Developmental Disavilities, 35(3),671-675.
Papadopoulos, K. Montgomery, A. J., Chronopoulou, E. (2013). The impact of visual impairments in self-esteem and locus of control.Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, 4565-70.
Papadopoulos K, Metsiou K, Agaliotis I. Adaptive behavior of children and, adolescents with visual impairments. Research in developmental disabilities 2011; 32: 1086-1096.
Rosenblum, L,P. (2000). perception of the impact of visual impairment on the lives of adolescents. Journal of visual Impairment &amp; Blind 434-447.
Rosenberg,M .(1965).Society and the adolescent self-image.Princeton,NJ:princecton University press.
Senicar, M., &amp;Grum, D.K. (2012). Self-concept and social support among adolescents with disabilities attending special and mainstream schools, Hevatskarevijazarehabilitacijskaistrazivanja, 48(1),73-83.
Simon JB, Murphy JJ, Smith SM. 2005. Understanding and Fostering family resilience. The family journal, 13: 427-436.
Stewart, D.E. &amp; Yuen, T. (2011).A systematic review of resilience in the physically ill. Psychosomatics, 52(3), 199-209.
Wagner, E.(2004).Developmental and Implementation of a curriculum to Develop social competence For student with visual impairment in Germany. journal of visual Impairment &amp; Blindness, 98,(11),703-710.
Wagner, E.(2004).developmental and implementation of curriculum to develop social competence for student hear and visual impairment in Germany. journal of heart and visual impairment &amp; blindness. 703-71.
Wolff, F., &amp; sacks, S.Z.(1997). the life style of blind, low vision, and sighted Youths: A quantitative comparison. journal of visual Impairment &amp; Blindness, 91,(3)245-257.
Zarrinkelk, H.( 2010). The effectiveness oftraining aspects of resiliency on reducing addiction acceptance and changing attitudes toward drug use among high school students in Tehran.MA thses.AllameTabatabayiuniversity.
Zautra, A. J., Johnson, L. M. &amp; Davis, M. C. (2003).Runing head: Positveafect enhances resilencepositveafect as asource of resilence for women in chronic pain. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73, 2, 212-20.