Analyzing the causes of citizens' tendency towards neoclassical style in urban settlements (Case study: Tehran, District 1)

Subject Areas : Architecture and urbanization

Arshia Allahyari ¹ , Majid Shahbazi ² , Zoherh Torabi ³

1 - Ph.D Condidect Department of Architecture, Zanjan branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Zanjan branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Zanjan branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran

Received: 2022-10-26 Accepted : 2022-12-13 Published : 2024-08-22

Keywords: Urban Settlements, Neoclassical style, Roman faç, ade, citizens', desires,

Abstract :

Introduction Architecture, as a physical manifestation of a society's culture, throughout history, besides being affected by cultural interactions, political changes and social reforms, has also influenced the behavioral patterns of society's people. An example of this influence can be seen in the façade of urban buildings, which have found a disjointed structure in recent years. Considering people's acceptance of neoclassical (Roman) facades and the increase of this type of façade construction in metropolises, the present research seeks to investigate the causes of citizens' tendency to use Roman facades in buildings. Methodology The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. Lisrel and SPSS software and path analysis tests and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the data and prove the hypothesis test.Geographical area of research The study area of the research is a district of Tehran city, which along with its boundaries has an area of about 181 square kilometers and according to the latest census results in 2015, it has a population equal to 494 thousand people.Results and discussion Investigations about the influence of economic, social, cultural and aesthetic factors on the tendency of citizens to use neoclassical facades and data analysis show the proof of research hypotheses. So that according to the output of Lisrel software, the values of the index with factor loadings greater than 0.3 and t-statistics higher than 1.96 are acceptable, economic factors, social factors, cultural factors and aesthetic factors respectively with values T (3/69), (2/07), (4/12) and (9/00) all correctly cover the variables and are valid. Conclusion The results of this research show that the effective factors in the tendency of citizens to use common facades are outside the framework of approved rules and laws. As long as the principles and rules for the design and implementation of facades are not developed, the process of façade construction being affected by cultural, social and economic conditions will continue.