On the Climate Estimation of Need to Cooling and Heating and Analyzing it with Gas Consumption Cost (Case Study: Anzali City)

Subject Areas : Urban and Regional Planning Studies

M.  pourmohammad ¹ (M.A. of Geography, Rasht branch , Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran)
B.  Ramezani ² (Professor of Geography Department, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran)
L.  Kokabian ³ (M.A. of Geography, Rasht branch , Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran)

Received: 2016-11-15 Accepted : 2017-11-01 Published : 2017-12-21

Keywords: Anzali City, Climate Estimation, Cooling and Heating, Gas Consumption Cost,

Abstract :

Nowadays, by applying new methods, a high percentage of fuel can be reduced to provide adequate heating or cooling for rural and urban buildings. These methods are still under study and should be reduced to 50% with accurate calculations by carefully examining them and applying new ways to reduce excessive energy consumption in urban and rural buildings. The objective of this paper is to estimate the annual cooling and heating amount (HDD and CDD) in comparing the need of Anzali city gas consumption with its estimated cost. The research method uses the calculation of the warm and cold days by Dr. Khalili's inventive formula, which is possible by using calculated cooling and heating rate. The instrument of this meteorological data and its proposed formula were used during a 34 year period (1979-2013) of Anzali station temperature. The results of this study showed that the need for the heating day is 1546.42° -day and the degree-cooling day is 94.55°, and the need for heating energy for a residential building with 100 m² and 2.7 meters height is 15657300 Rials and in the heating season it is 957.3 Rials.  The results of this research can help local and regional planners in relation to the actual cost of gas consumption and the zoning of its coefficient.

References:

Delfani, Sh., & karami, M. (2009). Energy consumption analysis of cooling, heating and ventilation systems of Tehran buildings based on open air data, First International Conference on Heating, Cooling and Air Conditioning, June8,9, Tehran

Farajzadeh Asl, M., Ahadnwzhad, M., & Aminin, j. (2001). Evaluation of vulnerability of urban buildings against Tehran earthquake. Urban Regional Studies and Research, 3 (9), 19-36. (In Persian)

Givoni, B. (1997). Climate Consideration in Building and Urban Design; I.T.P., pub. Inc, 463.

Jiang, F., Li, X., Wei, B., Ruji Hu, R. & Li, ZH. (2010). Observed Trends of Heating and Cooling Degree-days in Xinjiang Province, China. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 97, 349-360.

Kasmaei, M. (1994). Iranian climate zonation, housing and residential environment, Building and Housing Research Center, 151, Tehran. (In Persian)

Khalili, A. (2004). Three-Dimensional Analysis of Degree - Days of Heating and Cooling in Iran, Quarterly Journal of Geographic Research, 54 (55), 7-18. (In Persian)

Mahmudi, M., & Nivi, S. (2011). The process of climate technology development with a sustainable development approach. Naqshe Jahan, 1(13),35-51. (In Persian)

Malek Hosseini, A. (2010). Climate Effects on Traditional and Modern Architecture in Arak. Quarterly Journal of Environment, 3(1),12-21. (In Persian)

Matzerakis, A., & Balafoutis, C. (2014). Heating Degree-days over Greece as an Index of Energy Consumption. International Journal of Climatology, 24, 1817-1828.

Olgyay, V. (1973). Design with Climate, Princeton Uni. Press, p. 185.

Pirmohammadi, M., Rafiyee, V. (2015). The impact of climate factors on building design and the way to sustainable design, National Conference on Civil Enqineering and Architecture whit focus on Sustainable Development, July 2015, Tehran,1-14. (In Persian)

Sarak, H., & Stman, A. (2013). The degree – day method to estimate the residential heating natural gas consumption in Turkey: a case study. Solar energy, 28, 929 - 939.

Sarbandi, M. (2013). Heat requirement of Iran, First International Conference on Engineering Facilities, Tehran: 85. (In Persian)

Sivak, M. (2012). Potential Energy Demand for Cooling in the 50 Largest Metropolitan Areas of the World: Implication for Developing Countries, Energy Policy, 37, 1380-1384.

Soule, PT., & Suckling, PW. (2011). Variation in Heating and Cooling Degree Day in the South- Eastern USA, 1960-1989. International Journal of Climatology, 15 (4), 355-367.

Stathopoulos, M., Curtails C., & Chrysoulakis, N. (2014). Using midday surface temperature to estimate cooling degree days from NOAA-AVHRR thermal infrared data: An application for Athens, Greece. Solar energy, 80, 414-422.

Zolfaghari, H., & Hashemi, R. (2013). Cooling Calculations- Northwest Iranian Heating, Natural Geography, 70, 21-34. (In Persian)