Factores macroeconómicos, desempleo y déficit presupuestario: efectos umbral del desarrollo ambiental sostenible para la política del mercado energético
Subject Areas : Environmental Economicsmohammad taghizadeh 1 , marjan damankeshideh 2 * , hoshang momeni 3 , majid afsharirad 4
1 - Department of Economics, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Department of Economics, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. *(Corresponding Author)
3 - Department of Economics, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4 - Department of Economics, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Keywords: macroeconomic factors, unemployment, budget deficit, oil price, environmental development sustainability, threshold approach model.,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: Today, the undeniable role of environmental development in the economic activities of human societies has caused the term sustainable environmental development to be brought up in world literature. Sustainable development is a correct understanding of interaction in the interconnected system of economic, social and environmental processes. The purpose of this article is to examine macroeconomic factors, unemployment and budget deficit; Threshold effects of sustainable environmental development for energy market policy.
Material and Methodology: For this research, the model with the mild threshold approach (STR) was used based on the annual data of Iran during the period of 1990-2022.
Findings: The estimation results of the nonlinear part of the model show that the sustainable development of the environment in the first and third models has led to an increase in Iran's crude oil export and unemployment rate. In the second model, the sustainable development of the environment has led to a 4% decrease in the budget deficit. Also, the results show that there is a positive relationship between government size variables as an indicator of political stability and the political effects of sanctions with Iran's crude oil export, budget deficit and unemployment. So that for a one percent increase in the size of the government and the political effects of sanctions, respectively; 5%, 4% and 3% of Iran's crude oil export, budget deficit and unemployment have increased.
Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, governments are expected to take serious action by adopting appropriate measures, including the development of foreign investment to create a suitable platform for improving the sustainable development of the environment, careful monitoring of job creation credits and facilities for the private sector, and laying the groundwork to encourage private sector investment. and foreign, through the stability of policies and the size of the government and in general, removing the obstacles of the business environment in adjusting the unemployment rate and reducing the budget deficit in order to improve the sustainable development of the environment. Also, the development of markets and financial intermediaries by eliminating the inefficiencies of the capital market and providing more opportunities for low-income people to borrow and create investment opportunities for people can be useful in improving the unemployment rate.
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