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Open Access Article
1 - Similarity of Concept and Function of Good and Evil Forces in Ancient Iran and the Dead Sea Scrolls
طاهره حاج ابراهیمی علی قادری اردکانیThe manuscripts unearthed in 1947 between the border of Israel andJordan on the shore of the Dead Sea are known as The Dead SeaScrolls. They belong to Essenes who had cut off from the main body ofJudaism in opposition and constituted a community known as Qumran.There ar MoreThe manuscripts unearthed in 1947 between the border of Israel andJordan on the shore of the Dead Sea are known as The Dead SeaScrolls. They belong to Essenes who had cut off from the main body ofJudaism in opposition and constituted a community known as Qumran.There are interesting concepts in the Scrolls that are very similar toZoroastrian ideas. The main idea in the Dead Sea Scrolls is the war ofthe Sons of Light against the Sons of Darkness which is similar to thecontrast between Ahura Mazda and Ahriman in Zoroastrian mythology.The confrontation of the Good and the Evil leads to a universal warbetween angels and demons which finally by the victory of the Goodforces comes to an end. Moreover, in both traditions the Good and Evilforces are organized in a precise hierarchy. Since these concepts areabsent in the early Jewish traditions and Hebrew Bible, some scholarsbelieve that they appear in Jewish tradition under the influence ofZoroastrianism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Ibn Sab‘īn on the Ladder of “Unity of Being” or “Absolute Unity of Being”
فاطمه دوست قرینIn the history of Islamic thought, the conflicting views of the believersof “unity of being” have led to different interpretations, in as much as,some of these believers have claimed the novelty and uniqueness oftheir own theories. As a prominent example Ibn MoreIn the history of Islamic thought, the conflicting views of the believersof “unity of being” have led to different interpretations, in as much as,some of these believers have claimed the novelty and uniqueness oftheir own theories. As a prominent example Ibn Sab‘īn, a controversialAndalusian mystic, regards his theory of “absolute unity of being” asan essentially distinguished theory in the history of Islamic thought.Examining this claim, this article has arrived to the conclusion that it isnot true. In fact, his theory is the continuation of the tradition ofMuslim mystics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Stages of Samādhi in Yoga School
علی صادقی شهپرThere are eight stages in the Yoga school that start from physical stagesto mental or super-mental stages. All of these stages are based onconcentration and meditation and the degree of concentration isdetermined according to the subtlety of concentration subject (prakr MoreThere are eight stages in the Yoga school that start from physical stagesto mental or super-mental stages. All of these stages are based onconcentration and meditation and the degree of concentration isdetermined according to the subtlety of concentration subject (prakrti’sproductions). Samādhi is the last mystical stage in Yoga. It is divided todifferent stages which the last of them is called Asamprajnāta Samādhi(enstasis without support). In this stage the deliverance of Puruśa(spirit) from Prakrti (substance) will be realized. But beforeAsamprajnāta Samādhi there is a stage called Samprajnāta Samādhi(enstasis with support). Samprajnāta Samādhi, in contrast to theAsamprajnāta, is divided to different stages. The precise study of thesestages is the main subject of this article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Shekhinah in Kabbalah
بخشعلی قنبری فاطمه مهدیهShekhinah is one of the key concepts in the Judaism and especially inthe mystical tradition of Kabbalah. Although this concept iscomparable with the concept of sakīnah in the Islamic culture, itsmeaning is more extended and more complicated. According to theKabbalah&rsq MoreShekhinah is one of the key concepts in the Judaism and especially inthe mystical tradition of Kabbalah. Although this concept iscomparable with the concept of sakīnah in the Islamic culture, itsmeaning is more extended and more complicated. According to theKabbalah’s ontology there are ten sefirahs (divine qualities) in thecosmos that shekhinah is the last but not the least of them. Sometimeshekhinah is described as a personified being that lives among peopleand sometime it is regarded as the God’s permanent presence in theworld. However, in general shekhinah is mediator between the Ein Sof(the Infinite) and universe that without it our universe lose its order.The word Shekhinah first appeared in Talmud however its earlymeaning has been transformed throughout history- especially inKabbalistic literture and under the influence of Gnostic Sophia. Instudying Shekhinah the most important thing is the prominent role thatthis sefirah have played in realizing the order of cosmos andreestablishing peace for the sons of Israel. Meditation, contemplationand devotion to the religious practice cause the Shekhinah to descendon the Jewish believers and connect it to Ein Sof. On the contrary,neglecting to live under the divine commandments and the Laws ofScripture cause the Shekhinah to leave the world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Unity of Religion from the Rumi’s Point of View
عبدالرضا مظاهریAccording to the Sufis the relation between God and the world issimilar to the relation between sun and its rays so all prophets camefrom a single source of light; however lay people who have engaged inmaterial matters could not appreciate this unity, therefore, called MoreAccording to the Sufis the relation between God and the world issimilar to the relation between sun and its rays so all prophets camefrom a single source of light; however lay people who have engaged inmaterial matters could not appreciate this unity, therefore, called theprophets as Moses, Jesus and etc. Since people could not realize theessence of religion, they start interpreting it according to theirunderstanding, and as a result, fighting with each other. Rumi believesthat prophets are the representatives of God on the earth and by usingallegory he tries to explain the unity of the path of prophets. Accordingto Rumi, the mystery of the oneness of religion will be discovered onlyby cutting through the exoteric side of it. From his viewpoint the innateGod-given religion, or the real divine unity, and the devotional prayerare the essence of religion and if people understand this reality, theirconflict will be disappeared. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Influence of Indian Religions and Philosophical Schools on Indian Popular Cinema
The phenomenology of Indian popular films, based on identifying boththe philosophical and technical codes, is a prolegomenon for achievinga domestic dialogue as a global popular culture. The formation of thedialogues based on the structure of the indigenous philosophica MoreThe phenomenology of Indian popular films, based on identifying boththe philosophical and technical codes, is a prolegomenon for achievinga domestic dialogue as a global popular culture. The formation of thedialogues based on the structure of the indigenous philosophical andreligious thought, and creation of a romantic, dreamy and imaginaryworld influenced by the philosophical, religious and mythologicalcomponents and elements, have provided the possibility of realizationof a global phenomenon regarding traditionalism and Indigenism. Themain concern of this article is to survey the paradoxical narrativedialogue of the Indian popular cinema which besides its "massproduction", "stereotypes", "audience-oriented approach" and …reflects the philosophical and religious heritage of the land. But theartistic and the intellectual works of the Indian cinema, in spite of theirstrong realism, characterization, poetic language and … are not able toexpress the minimums of the Indian cultural, ethnic, traditional,intellectual and philosophical identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Soma and Haoma in Ancient India and Iran
مریم نوابی احمدرضا معتمدیThe ritual of Soma and Haoma is one of the most important rituals inancient India and Iran. In this ritual the plant Soma/Haoma was beingsqueezed until its juice being prepared. According to Avesta and gveda the first form of Soma/Haoma was a plant known because ofits e MoreThe ritual of Soma and Haoma is one of the most important rituals inancient India and Iran. In this ritual the plant Soma/Haoma was beingsqueezed until its juice being prepared. According to Avesta and gveda the first form of Soma/Haoma was a plant known because ofits extraordinary effects and gradually special rites was developedaround it. The rite of the preparation of Soma/Haoma juice wasaccompanied by special ceremonies and customs and it should beperformed only under the direction of the priests. Holiness of this plantgradually opened the way for appearance of a god with the same namei.e. the god Soma/Haoma. Therefore, several pieces in Avesta andRgveda were dedicated to this god. According to these pieces the mostimportant function of the god Soma/Haoma is bringing health andimmortality. It seems likely that the curative properties of this planthave been attributed to the god. Manuscript profile
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