Critical review of some researches and statements on Saba’s Shahanshahnameh
Subject Areas :
Tectonostratigraphy
Reza Zarrinkamar
1
,
Reza Satari
2
1 - Postdoctoral Researcher / University of Mazandaran
2 - Associate Professor of Persian Literature / University of Mazanadarn
Received: 2022-01-14
Accepted : 2022-07-22
Published : 2023-04-21
Keywords:
Shahanshahnameh,
Fath-Ali Khan Saba,
Critiques of Shahanshahnameh,
School of Literary Return,
Abstract :
Shahanshahnameh is an epic poem written by Fath-Ali Khan Saba who has made use of the history of Iran during the reign of Fath-Ali Shah of Qajar dynasty as the basis for creating a literary work. The historical narration of the work covers the fall of Isfahan to the end of the first period of the Iran-Russia wars. Despite its significance, this epic poem has not yet been properly studied. Critiques written on Shahanshahnameh are not thorough works and it seems most of their authors did not read the entire text of the poem. These critiques are mostly written based on excerpts from the Poem and as a result, they have glaring flaws in terms of content and as far as history is concerned. This article seeks to analyze over twenty researches done on Shahanshahnameh in the last century and tries to criticize their approaches by examining the flaws and errors of their texts. The result of this research indicates that most of the critics, regardless of the whole work and the historical points related to it, have made mistakes and these errors have found their way through the critiques of each era to the next period.
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References
Arianpour, Yahya. (1387). From Saba to Nima, Vol. 1. Tehran: Elmi-Va-Farhangi. [In Persian]
Ahmadi, Muslem. (2018). Investigating the components of national identity in the epic works of the Qajar period based on the Shaanhshahnameh of Fath Ali Khan Saba. Doctoral dissertation. Supervisor: Gholam Ali Falah. Faculty of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature, Kharazmi University. [In Persian]
Ahmadi, Muslem. (2018). National identity in the literary return school inspired by Shahanshahnameh Fathali Khan Saba. Ed. Zahra Saadatinia. Tehran: Motaleaate Parsi. [In Persian]
Brundage, Anthony. (2016). Dealing with resources. Mohammad Ghafouri. Tehran: Samt. [In Persian]
Bayati, Narges. (2014). Epic writing in the Qajar era based on historical epics. Master's Thesis, Supervisor: Mohammad Reza Najjarian, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Persian Language and Literature, Yazd University. [In Persian]
Tajrobekar, Nosrat. (1350). The style of poetry in the Qajar era. Tehran: Toos. [In Persian]
Hazrati, Hassan. (2017). Research method in historiography. Tehran: Logos. [In Persian]
Hamidi Shirazi, Mehdi. (1364). Poetry in the Qajar period. Tehran: Ganj-E-Ketab. [In Persian]
Khatami, Ahmad. (1373). The history of Iranian literature in the period of literary return. The second volume. Tehran: Paya. [In Persian]
Khoddari Naini, Saeed. (1390). "Shahanshahnameh of Fath Ali Khan Saba: Edition 5998 of Malik Library, a masterpiece of Qajar period art". Ayine-E-Miras. Year 9, No. 48, pp. 47-70. [In Persian]
Donboli, Abdul Razzaq. (1343). Nargaristan Dara, Vol. Correction: Abdul Rasul Khayampour. Tabriz: Publications of the Institute of History and Culture of Iran. [In Persian]
Diwan Beigi Shirazi, Seyyed Ahmad. (1366). Hadiqah al-Shaara, Vol. Correction and preparation: Abdul Hossein Nawai. Tehran: Zarrin. [In Persian]
Rezaqoli-Mirza Qajar. (1373). Safar Nameh. Ed. Asqar Farmanfarma Qajar. Tehran: Asatir. [In Persian]
Zarqani, Mehdi. (2014). The history of literature and the territory of the Persian language (4) with a genre approach. Tehran: Fatemi. [In Persian]
Semsarian, Fereshte. (1388). Correction and comments of Saba-ye-Kashani's Khodavandnameh (first part). Master's thesis. Supervisor: Seyyed Mohammad Rastgoufar. Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Yazd University. [In Persian]
Shafi’i Kadkani, Mohammad Reza. (1390). Persian literature: from the Jami era to our time. Original trans. Hojjatullah Asil. Tehran: Ney. [In Persian]
Shams Langroudi, Mohammad. (2018). Return period poetry. Tehran: Negah. [In Persian]
Shamim, Ali Asghar. (2013). Iran during the Qajar dynasty. Tehran: Modabber. [In Persian]
Saba, Fath Ali Khan. (1225 AH). Shahanshahnameh, Manuscript. National Library of England, 3442. [In Persian]
Saba, Fath Ali Khan. (1226 AH). Shahanshahnameh, Manuscript. Austria-Vienna National Library, 438. [In Persian]
Saba, Fath Ali Khan. (1227 AH). Shahanshahnameh, Manuscript. Tehran University Library, 381. [In Persian]
Saba, Fath Ali Khan. (1867 AD/1246 AH). Shahanshahnameh, Lithograph in Mumbai. Majlis Library, 73737. [In Persian]
Saba, Fath Ali Khan. (1313). Golshan-E-Saba. Edition: H. Kermani kouhi, Introduction: Mohammadtaghi Bahar. Tehran: Nasim-E-Saba. [In Persian]
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Fathi Glin-Balaghi, Mah-Zar and Hasan-Zadeh Neiri, Mohammad Hassan. (2014). "Some similarities between Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and Saba's Shahanshahnameh". Baharestan-E-Sokhon. The twelfth year, vol. 29, pp. 133-154. [In Persian]
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Motevali Haqiqi, Yusuf. (1384). "A Shahnameh with no happy ending: a study of a historical text of the Qajar period",Journal of Tarikh Research. No. 1, pp. 57-76. [In Persian]
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Moazzen, Bahare. (1390). "Analysis of the style and content of the Shahanshahnameh of Fath Ali Khan Saba and its comparison with the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi". Book of the month of literature. No. 163, pp. 31-39. [In Persian]
Nami, Sabra. (2019). Correction of the text of Shahanshahnameh Fath Ali Khan Saba (Life of Abbas Mirza). Doctoral dissertation. Supervisor: Ruhollah Hadi. Ph D in Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Tehran. [In Persian]
Nakhjavani, Hossein. (1329). "The life and personality of Melek-ul-Shaara Fath Ali Khan Saba". Tabriz University Journal of Humanities, No. 19 and 20, pp. 191-201. [In Persian]
Nouri, Mohammad Taqi bin Mohammad Mahdi. (1386). Ashraf al-Tavarikh. Ed. Susan Asili. Tehran: Mirath Maktob. [In Persian]
Hadi, Ruhollah and Nami, Sabra. (2019). "Mythological foundations and the reflection of the presence of popular culture in the epic period of Qajar poetry". Journal of popular culture and literature. Year 8, No. 33, pp. 57-91. [In Persian]
Hedayat, Rezaqoli. (1382). Majma-ul-Fosaha. Ed. Mazaher Mosaffa. Tehran: Amir Kabir. [In Persian]
Hedayat, Rezaqoli. (1385). Riyadh-al-Arefin . Corrected by Abulqasem Radfar. Tehran: Research Institute of Human Sciences and Cultural Studies. [In Persian]
_||_References
Arianpour, Yahya. (1387). From Saba to Nima, Vol. 1. Tehran: Elmi-Va-Farhangi. [In Persian]
Ahmadi, Muslem. (2018). Investigating the components of national identity in the epic works of the Qajar period based on the Shaanhshahnameh of Fath Ali Khan Saba. Doctoral dissertation. Supervisor: Gholam Ali Falah. Faculty of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature, Kharazmi University. [In Persian]
Ahmadi, Muslem. (2018). National identity in the literary return school inspired by Shahanshahnameh Fathali Khan Saba. Ed. Zahra Saadatinia. Tehran: Motaleaate Parsi. [In Persian]
Brundage, Anthony. (2016). Dealing with resources. Mohammad Ghafouri. Tehran: Samt. [In Persian]
Bayati, Narges. (2014). Epic writing in the Qajar era based on historical epics. Master's Thesis, Supervisor: Mohammad Reza Najjarian, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Persian Language and Literature, Yazd University. [In Persian]
Tajrobekar, Nosrat. (1350). The style of poetry in the Qajar era. Tehran: Toos. [In Persian]
Hazrati, Hassan. (2017). Research method in historiography. Tehran: Logos. [In Persian]
Hamidi Shirazi, Mehdi. (1364). Poetry in the Qajar period. Tehran: Ganj-E-Ketab. [In Persian]
Khatami, Ahmad. (1373). The history of Iranian literature in the period of literary return. The second volume. Tehran: Paya. [In Persian]
Khoddari Naini, Saeed. (1390). "Shahanshahnameh of Fath Ali Khan Saba: Edition 5998 of Malik Library, a masterpiece of Qajar period art". Ayine-E-Miras. Year 9, No. 48, pp. 47-70. [In Persian]
Donboli, Abdul Razzaq. (1343). Nargaristan Dara, Vol. Correction: Abdul Rasul Khayampour. Tabriz: Publications of the Institute of History and Culture of Iran. [In Persian]
Diwan Beigi Shirazi, Seyyed Ahmad. (1366). Hadiqah al-Shaara, Vol. Correction and preparation: Abdul Hossein Nawai. Tehran: Zarrin. [In Persian]
Rezaqoli-Mirza Qajar. (1373). Safar Nameh. Ed. Asqar Farmanfarma Qajar. Tehran: Asatir. [In Persian]
Zarqani, Mehdi. (2014). The history of literature and the territory of the Persian language (4) with a genre approach. Tehran: Fatemi. [In Persian]
Semsarian, Fereshte. (1388). Correction and comments of Saba-ye-Kashani's Khodavandnameh (first part). Master's thesis. Supervisor: Seyyed Mohammad Rastgoufar. Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Yazd University. [In Persian]
Shafi’i Kadkani, Mohammad Reza. (1390). Persian literature: from the Jami era to our time. Original trans. Hojjatullah Asil. Tehran: Ney. [In Persian]
Shams Langroudi, Mohammad. (2018). Return period poetry. Tehran: Negah. [In Persian]
Shamim, Ali Asghar. (2013). Iran during the Qajar dynasty. Tehran: Modabber. [In Persian]
Saba, Fath Ali Khan. (1225 AH). Shahanshahnameh, Manuscript. National Library of England, 3442. [In Persian]
Saba, Fath Ali Khan. (1226 AH). Shahanshahnameh, Manuscript. Austria-Vienna National Library, 438. [In Persian]
Saba, Fath Ali Khan. (1227 AH). Shahanshahnameh, Manuscript. Tehran University Library, 381. [In Persian]
Saba, Fath Ali Khan. (1867 AD/1246 AH). Shahanshahnameh, Lithograph in Mumbai. Majlis Library, 73737. [In Persian]
Saba, Fath Ali Khan. (1313). Golshan-E-Saba. Edition: H. Kermani kouhi, Introduction: Mohammadtaghi Bahar. Tehran: Nasim-E-Saba. [In Persian]
Safa, Zabihullah. (1387). Epic writing in Iran. Tehran: Amir Kabir. [In Persian]
Safai, Ibrahim. (1333). Iranian literary movement in the Qajar era. Tehran: Ibn-E-Sina bookstore. [In Persian]
Fazel Grosi, Abdul Hossein. (1376). Khaqan’s Association. Introduction: Tawfiq Sobhani. Tehran: Rozeneh. [In Persian]
Fathi Glin-Balaghi, Mah-Zar and Hasan-Zadeh Neiri, Mohammad Hassan. (2014). "Some similarities between Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and Saba's Shahanshahnameh". Baharestan-E-Sokhon. The twelfth year, vol. 29, pp. 133-154. [In Persian]
- Loni, Mehdi and Iqbali, Parviz. (2016). "Examination of the illustrated copy of the Shahshahnameh in the Parliament Library and identification of its illustrator". Negare. Vol. 12, No. 43, 49. [In Persian]
Motevali Haqiqi, Yusuf. (1384). "A Shahnameh with no happy ending: a study of a historical text of the Qajar period",Journal of Tarikh Research. No. 1, pp. 57-76. [In Persian]
Mahmoud Mirza Qajar, Bin Fath Ali Shah. (1346). Safina-Tal-Mahmoud, Vol. 1. Correction: Abdul Rasul Khayampour. Tabriz: Publications of the Institute of History and Culture of Iran. [In Persian]
Moazzen, Bahare. (1390). "Analysis of the style and content of the Shahanshahnameh of Fath Ali Khan Saba and its comparison with the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi". Book of the month of literature. No. 163, pp. 31-39. [In Persian]
Nami, Sabra. (2019). Correction of the text of Shahanshahnameh Fath Ali Khan Saba (Life of Abbas Mirza). Doctoral dissertation. Supervisor: Ruhollah Hadi. Ph D in Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Tehran. [In Persian]
Nakhjavani, Hossein. (1329). "The life and personality of Melek-ul-Shaara Fath Ali Khan Saba". Tabriz University Journal of Humanities, No. 19 and 20, pp. 191-201. [In Persian]
Nouri, Mohammad Taqi bin Mohammad Mahdi. (1386). Ashraf al-Tavarikh. Ed. Susan Asili. Tehran: Mirath Maktob. [In Persian]
Hadi, Ruhollah and Nami, Sabra. (2019). "Mythological foundations and the reflection of the presence of popular culture in the epic period of Qajar poetry". Journal of popular culture and literature. Year 8, No. 33, pp. 57-91. [In Persian]
Hedayat, Rezaqoli. (1382). Majma-ul-Fosaha. Ed. Mazaher Mosaffa. Tehran: Amir Kabir. [In Persian]
Hedayat, Rezaqoli. (1385). Riyadh-al-Arefin . Corrected by Abulqasem Radfar. Tehran: Research Institute of Human Sciences and Cultural Studies. [In Persian]