Investigating the Relationship between Mindfulness and Rumination and Distress Tolerance with the Mediating Role of Cognitive Regulation of Emotion in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Subject Areas : Psychological Models and Methods
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Keywords: Mindfulness, rumination, distress tolerance, cognitive regulation of emotion, obsession disorder.,
Abstract :
Introduction: Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most common psychological disorders, often accompanied by rumination and low distress tolerance. Mindfulness and cognitive emotion regulation may play an important role in explaining these variables. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between mindfulness, rumination, and distress tolerance, considering the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in patients with OCD.
Methods: The present research was fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive–correlational in terms of method. The study population consisted of patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) in Shiraz in 2024, from whom 200 individuals (72 men and 128 women) aged 18 to 60 years were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (Brown & Ryan, 2003), Rumination Scale (Morrison & O’Connor, 2008), Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005), and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski, Kraaij, & Spinhoven, 2001). The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression with the enter method in SPSS-22, as well as structural equation modeling (SEM) with path analysis in AMOS-20.
Findings: Findings indicated that a linear combination of mindfulness, adaptive, and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies could predict rumination and distress tolerance. Mindfulness had both a direct positive effect (β=0.201) and an indirect positive effect (β=0.104) on distress tolerance through adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Moreover, mindfulness had only an indirect negative effect (β=-0.120) on rumination through cognitive emotion regulation strategies.
Conclusion: The results suggest that mindfulness, by enhancing adaptive and reducing maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, can play a significant role in decreasing rumination and increasing distress tolerance among patients with OCD. Therefore, training and strengthening mindfulness and cognitive emotion regulation skills may be effective components in therapeutic interventions for these patients.
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