The Effect of Unified Trans-Diagnostic Treatment on the Experiential Avoidance And Suicidal Ideation in the Girls Victim of Domestic Violence
Subject Areas : Tectonostratigraphysadigheh gallegirian 1 , ezzat deireh 2 , amir ghamarani 3 , ali poladi reishahri 4
1 - Ph.D. Student, Department of Psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran &
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology and Education of Children
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran&
Assistant Professor, Payame Noor University, Bushehr, Iran.
Keywords: Domestic Violence, Experiential Avoidance, suicidal ideation, unified trans-diagnostic treatment,
Abstract :
Domestic violence causes stress and post-traumatic stress disorder in the people victim of violence. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of unified trans-diagnostic treatment on the experiential avoidance and suicidal ideation in the girls victim of domestic violence. The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up design. The statistical population included the girls victim of domestic violence in In the first six months of 2019. 30 people were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups. The research instruments included the questionnaire of experienced domestic violence (Aghakhani et.al, 1994), experiential avoidance questionnaire (Bond et al, 2010), suicidal ideation questionnaire (Beck et al, 2010). The data were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA. The results of the study showed that the unified trans-diagnostic treatment is effective on the experiential avoidance (F=50.02, Eta=0.64, p≥001) and suicidal ideation (F=46.04, Eta=0.62, P≥0001) in the girls victim of domestic violence. The findings of the present study prove that the unified trans-diagnostic treatment can be used as an efficient treatment to decrease the experiential avoidance and suicidal ideation in the girls victim of domestic violence through employing techniques such as diagnosing emotions, training emotional awareness, cognitive reevaluation, diagnosing emotion avoidance models and investigating the behaviors which are the result of emotion.
1- Abbasi, E., Fati, L., Molodi, R., & Zarabi, H. (2013). Psychometric properties of Persian Version of Acceptance and Action Questionnaire –II, Journal of Psychological Methods and Models, 2(10), 65-80.
2- Aghakhani, N., Mosavi, E., Eftekhari, A., Eghtedar, S., Zareei, A., & Rahbar, N., et al. (2014). A Study on the Demestic Violence in Women with Addicted and Non-Addicted Husbands Reffered to Forensic Center of Urmia, Iran. Nurse Midwifery Journal, 11(11), 1-10.
3- Alesina, A., Brioschi, B., & Ferrara, E.L. (2016). Violence Against Women: A Cross-cultural Analysis for Africa. National Bureau of Economic Research.
4- Allen, L.B., McHugh, R. K., & Barlow, D. H. (2008). Emotional disorders: A unified protocol. In D. H. Barlow (Ed.), Clinical handbook of psychological disorders:A step-by-step treatment manual (4th ed., pp. 216–249). New York: Guilford Press.
5- Amini, S., Dehghani Cham, A., Salehi, A., & Soltani Zadeh, M. (2019). The role of experiential avoidance and psychological capitals in predicting feeling loneliness by mediating meaning in life in the elderly. Journal of Psychological Sciences, 18(74), 223-234.
6- Atarod, N., Mikaeili, N., Mohajeri, N., & Vojodi, B. (2017). The effect of integrated meta-diagnostic therapy on anxiety disorders and depression: a single case study. Journal of Health Resonance, 4(3), 61-54.
7- Azimi, A., Omidi, A., Shafiei, E., & Nademi, A. (2018). The Effectiveness of Transdiagnostic, Emotion- focused Treatment for Emotional Regulation and Individual-social Adjustment in Female Students. Journal of Arak University Medicine Science, 20(10), 62-73.
8- Barlow, D.H., Ellard, K.K., Fairholme, C.P., Farchione, T.J., Boisseau, C.L., Allen, L.B., Ehrenreich-May, J. (2011).The unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders: Client workbook. New York: Oxford University Press.
9- Barlow, D.H., Ellard, K.K., Fairholme, C.P., Farchione, T.J., Boisseau, C.L., Allen, L.B., Ehrenreich-May, J. (2011).The unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders: Client workbook. New York: Oxford University Press.
10- Beck, A.T., Kovacs, M., & Weissman, A. (1997). Assesment of suicidal intenti on: The scale for suicide ideation. Journal of Consult Clinical Psychology, 133, 13-24
11- Behirooz, A., & Haghayegh, S.A. (2019). Comparison of suicidal thoughts and stress levels among depressed students with morning and evening types. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 6(1), 64-74.
12- Boisseau, C.L., & Rasmussen, S.A. (2018). Unified protocol for the discontinuation of long-term serotonin reuptake inhibitors in obsessive compulsive disorder: Study protocol and methods. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 65, 157-163.
13- Bond, F.W., Hayes, S.C., Baer, R.A., Carpenter, K.M., Guenole, N., & Orcutt, H.K., et al. (2011). Preliminary psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II: a revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. Behavior Therapy, 42(4), 676-88.
14- Brignone, E., Sorrentino, A.E., Roberts, C.B., & Dichter, M.E. (2018). Suicidal ideation and behaviors among women veterans with recent exposure to intimate partner violence. General Hospital Psychiatry, 55, 60-64.
15- Bui, Q.N., Hoang, T.X., & Le, N.T.V. (2018). The effect of domestic violence against women on child welfare in Vietnam. Children and Youth Services Review, 94, 709-719.
16- Çelik, A.S., & Kirca, N. (2018). Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in a Turkish setting. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 231, 111-116.
17- Farchione, T.J., Fairholme, C.P., Ellard, K.K., Boisseau, C.L., Thompson-Hollands, J., Carl, J.R., Gallagher, M.W., & Barlow, D.H. (2012). Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Behavior Therapy, 43(3), 666-678.
18- Geulayov, G., Metcalfe, C., Heron, J., Kidger, J., & Gunnell, D. (2014). Parental Suicide Attempt and offspring Self-Harm and Suicidal Thoughts: Results from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) Birth Cohort. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 53(5), 509-517.
19- Grossman, R.A., & Ehrenreich-May, J. (2020). Using the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders with Youth Exhibiting Anger and Irritability. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 27(2), 184-201.
20- Hasani, J., & Miraghaei, E.M. (2012). The relationship between strategies for cognitive regulation of emotions and suicidal ideation, Contemporary Psychology, 7(2), 61-72.
21- Hassanpoor, P., Aghayousefi, E., Zamir, M., & Alipour, A. (2019). The Effectiveness of Transdiagnostic Treatment on Experiential Avoidance and Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and its Comparison with Exposure and Prevention Response Therapy, Journal of Clinical Psychology, 11(3), 25-37.
22- Kamrani, Z., Bahrami, F., Goodarzi, K., & Farrokhi, N. (2019). Effectiveness of transdiagnostic educational package on communication patterns and secure bond of couples referred to family counseling centers. Journal of Psychological Sciences, 18(81), 1057-1067.
23- Kashdan, T.B., Morina, N., & Priebe, S. (2009). Post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and depression in survivors of the Kosovo War: Experiential avoidance as a contributor to distress and quality of life. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(2), 185-192.
24- Kavak, F., Aktürk, U., Özdemir, I., & Gültekin, A. (2018). The relationship between domestic violence against women and suicide risk. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 32(4), 574-579.
25- Kirk, A., Meyer, J. M., Whisman, M. A., Deacon, B. J., & Arch, J.J. (2019). Safety behaviors, experiential avoidance, and anxiety: A path analysis approach. Journal of anxiety disorders, 64, 9-15.
26- Krahé, B. (2018). Violence against women, Current Opinion in Psychology, 19, 6-10.
27- Kumar, P., Srivastava, S., Mishra, P.S., Sinha, D., & Dhillon, P. (2020). Does depressive symptoms, physical inactivity and substance use catalyze the suicidal tendency among adolescents? Evidence from a cross-sectional study. Children and Youth Services Review, 119, 105-111.
28- Marver J. E., Galfalvy H. C., Burke A. K., Sublette M. E., Oquendo M. A., Mann J. J., & Grunebaum, M.F. (2016). Friendship, Depression, and Suicide Attempts in Adults: Exploratory Analysis of a Longitudinal Follow‐Up Study. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 47(6), 660-667.
29- Modabber, R., Ebrahimi, H., Kazemi, A., & Fallahi Khoshknab, M. (2014). Relationship between suicidal ideations and psychosocial characteristics in depressed patients. IJPN, 2(2), 1-12.
30- Mshweshwe, L. (2020). Understanding domestic violence: masculinity, culture, traditions, Heliyon, 6(10), 533-537.
31- Nargesi, F., Fathiashtiani, A., Davodi, I., & Ashrafi, E. (2019). The effect of unifled transdiagnostic treatment on anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder, Journal of Psychological Achievement, 28(2), 26-39.
32- Ornelas Maia, A.C.C., Nardi, A.E., & Cardoso, A. (2015). The utilization of unified protocols in behavioral cognitive therapy in transdiagnostic group subjects: A clinical trial. Journal of Affective Disorders, 172, 179-183.
33- Pietri, M., & Bonnet, A. (2017). Analysis of early representations and personality among victims of domestic. European Review of Applied Psychology, 67(4), 199-206.
34- Robinson, K., Garisch, J.A., & Wilson, M.S. (2021). Nonsuicidal self-injury thoughts and behavioural characteristics: Associations with suicidal thoughts and behaviours among community adolescents. Journal of Affective Disorders, 282, 1247-1254.
35- Sakiris, N., & Berle, D. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Unified Protocol as a transdiagnostic emotion regulation based intervention. Clinical Psychology Review, 72, 101-107.
36- Sauer-Zavala, S., Bentley, K.H., Steele, S.J., Tirpak, J.W., Ametaj, A.A., Nauphal, M., Cardona, N., Wang, M., Farchione, T.J., & Barlow, D.H. (2020). Treating depressive disorders with the Unified Protocol: A preliminary randomized evaluation. Journal of Affective Disorders, 264, 438-445.
37- Shimoda, Y., Ishizu, K., & Ohtsuki, T. (2018). The reciprocal relations between experiential avoidance and social anxiety among early adolescents: A prospective cohort study. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 10, 115-119.
38- Spencer, R.J., Ray , A., Pirl, W.F., & Prigerson, H.G. (2012). Clinical Correlates of Suicidal Thoughts in Patients with Advanced Cancer. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20(4), 327-336.
39- Steele, S.J., Farchione, T.D., Cassiello-Robbins, C., Ametaj, A., Sbi, S., Sauer-Zavala, S., Barlow, D.H. (2018). Efficacy of the Unified Protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of comorbid psychopathology accompanying emotional disorders compared to treatments targeting single disorders. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 104, 211-216.
40- Talkovsky, A.M., Green, K.L., Osegueda, A., & Norton, P.J. (2017). Secondary depression in transdiagnostic group cognitive behavioral therapy among individuals diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 46, 56-64.
41- Walker-Descartes, I., Mineo, M., Condado, L.V., & Agrawal, N. (2021). Domestic Violence and Its Effects on Women, Children, and Families. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 68(2), 455-464.
42- Williams, J.L., Hardt, M.M., Henschel, A.V., & Eddinger, J.R. (2019). Experiential avoidance moderates the association between motivational sensitivity and prolonged grief but not posttraumatic stress symptoms. Psychiatry Research, 273, 336-342.
_||_