Experimental treatments comprised of water stress as a major factor in three levels including I0 = irrigation water requirement of crop (control), I1= 80 percent of the amount of irrigation water requirements of crop, I2= 60 percent of the amount of irrigation water req
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Experimental treatments comprised of water stress as a major factor in three levels including I0 = irrigation water requirement of crop (control), I1= 80 percent of the amount of irrigation water requirements of crop, I2= 60 percent of the amount of irrigation water requirements of crop in the main plots and different varieties of sunflower including V1= Azargol, V2= Alstar, V3= Ariflor and two levels of salicylic acid containing SA0= without salicylic acid and SA1= with salicylic acid (sprayed) as a minor factor in a factorial combination of sub-plots. The results showed the very significant effect (p<0.01) of different levels of water stress and varieties of sunflower on stem diameter, number of leaves, number of hollow grains, biological yield, ion leakage of cell (cell membrane instability), leaf water content, initial water content and ultimate water of leaf. Salicylic acid also had significant effect on number of leaves, cell ion leakage (cell membrane instability), leaf water content, initial water content and leaf ultimate water at a level of statistical significance, whereas stem diameter, number of hollow grains and biological yield did not affected by salicylic acid. Thus, ion leakage cell increased with increasing intensity of water deficit, therefore the highest average of ion leakage (2854.9 μs) obtained from extreme stress (60 percent of the amount of irrigation water requirements of crop).
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