In order to study the effect of irrigation withholding, mycorrhiza application and nano (Fe and Zn) oxide on yield, rate and grain filling period of safflower (Carthamus tinctories L.), a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with
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In order to study the effect of irrigation withholding, mycorrhiza application and nano (Fe and Zn) oxide on yield, rate and grain filling period of safflower (Carthamus tinctories L.), a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in cropping season of 2014. The experimental factors were included: mycorrhiza application in two levels (with and without mycorrhiza), foliar application of nano zinc oxide in four levels: (without nano oxide as control, application of nano iron oxide, nano zinc oxide and nano zinc oxide+ nano iron oxide) and irrigation in three levels [full irrigation as control, irrigation withholding at 50% of flowering stage (moderate water limitation); irrigation withholding at 50% of heading-bud stage (severe water limitation)]. Means comparison showed that maximum of grain yield, grain filling rate, grain filling period, effective grain filling period (2278.52 kg ha-1, 0.0027 g.day-1, 40 and 35 days) were obtained at application of mycorrhiza, nano oxide of Zn+Fe and full irrigation. Minimum of these traits (834.25 kg ha-1, 0.00189 g.day-1, 30.91 days and 26.79 days respectively) were obtained in non- mycorrhiza, non-foliar application of nano oxide and irrigation to heading-bud. Application of mycorrhiza and nano oxide of Zn+Fe increased grain yield by 35.19 % as compared with non- mycorrhiza, non-foliar application of nano oxide under severe water limitation.
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